Australian Defence Industries Ltd (ADI) is managing the closure of a high explosive and propellant manufacturing facility in suburban Melbourne. The site is to be made available for housing, recreation and commercial purposes. A number of issues have arisen in relation to soil decontamination in an environment of changing Government and public perceptions. In reconstructing the explosives and propellant processes at a new site in rural Mulwala in New South Wales, which is located in a sensitive water supply area, new approaches have been taken to address waste problems.