Historically, camouflage development has been reactive, with development occurring after deployment to a new theater in reaction to environmental/terrain differences in those theaters, and camouflage evaluation has generally relied on the subjective responses of a small number of human observers in the field. In response to direction from a May 2009 House Appropriations Committee Report for a camouflage pattern that is suited to the environment of Afghanistan, a camouflage integrated product team was quickly established to develop and execute a Secretary of the Army-approved, four-phase plan, which centered on building the science of camouflage pattern evaluation to enable informed Army Leadership decision making. This effort involved extensive collaboration between the US Army Natick Soldier Research Development and Engineering Center and the US Army Aberdeen Test Center (ATC), with input from the Program Executive Office (PEO) Soldier (PEO-Soldier) and Fort Benning's Maneuver Center of Excellence (MCOE), Soldier Requirement Division (SRD). The key tasks for the portion of the effort reported here involved conducting a Soldier survey to quantify the extent of the issue, identifying the uniform/personal protective equipment (PPE) combinations for inclusion, obtaining relevant background images for the test, ensuring that the manner in which the combinations would be represented maintained all relevant color, spatial and scale information, determining the manner in which the responses of the Soldier observers would be measured and performing the data analysis. All of this was accomplished within 28 days. The methodology described is a paradigm shifting technique enabling the Army to advance camouflage development and assessment from reactive to proactive and to rapidly and objectively determine camouflage pattern performance for future areas of operation.