major say in how they would run things. he would be amazed at that. the fda idea that you could reln somebody else and still expects to be in charge. >> you make your bets and live by the results. and he lost he did everything he could to get back what he thought was says. you know, you pick your friends, and you have to suffer the consequences. thank you very much. [applauding] >> t.j. stiles is the author of "jesse james: last rebel of the civil war." mr. stiles has taught at columbia university. wednesday he won the national book award for non-fiction. >> coming up next book tv presents after words, an hourlong discussion between the host and the author of a new book. this week nomi prins former managing director at goldman sachs talks about her book "it takes a pillage." she discusses the book with senator bernie sanders, the author of the memoir "outsider in the house." >> let me begin by thanking c-span for the opportunity of interviewing nomi prins who is the author of "it takes a pillage: behind the bailouts, bonuses, and backroom deals from washington to wall street." w

method is the the randomized experience or we decide whether the fda should approve a particular drug. we go and randomized experiments that we see how the drug worked in a double-blind experiment relative to a placebo, and were able to just compare people who got through to the people who were not. they were randomized. the difference in outcomes tells whether not that drug works. as an economist, as much as i would love to get aroun carry tt out, i would love to know, to present to reduce crime? but it's not like the nsf is going to allow me to go out and run a randomizes that why lock up a bunch of people in one state and irately released people in another state, and it's what happens. so in that kind of a world economists have had to use what i call accident experiments to figure out the answer. in other words, i look

all across that we gather routine at the fda that shows that people often off to drive instead of taking transit because it might save in 10 or 15 minutes on the commute of a great many of those same commuters spend their first half-hour of the morning at their desk answering e-mail, and a certain have to do with the last half-hour of the day at the desk also handling e-mail. when you really think about it, they may spend, save 10 minutes in the commute. but if they got on the bus, or got on the train, and use a handheld device and did that first half-hour and that last half hour on e-mail, they could leave for work at half hour later. they could get home a half hour sooner. that's the difference between having breakfast with your kids are not. having dinner with your kids or not. is where we think the nexus of safety comes together. so sort of pick up on something that john and those of the uta mentioned yesterday. we think a strong message that needs to be sent out there it is that if you really need to text, you really need to talk or tweet, take transit. many of you are old en

their vaccination was just recently approved by the fda. joining the manufacturers is that there david lakey, commissioner of the state health services who would be the voice of the state health departments across the country. and dr. jeffrey levi executive director of trust for america's health, nonpartisan organization dedicated to make disease prevention and national priority. i look forward to hearing from all of our witnesses today and delving deeper into the challenges that both the government and. thank you mr. chairman. i yield back. >> think you german stupak. gentleman from kentucky, mr. whitfield. >> thank you mr. chairman. i expect that they will has received many phone calls from the district, as i have come in complaining the shortage and wanting some answers and expressing their fear for their children and their families. as you said, we've had about three hearings on the subject matter, but today i really want to focus on my perspective on really the relationship in the interaction between the federal government, the state government, and the manufacturers in the