Masonry block and brick wall veneer construction, widely used on military installations, is subject to rapid deterioration when the ferrous hardware tying brick veneer to substrate corrodes prematurely. Corrosion of veneer-anchor hardware can compromise structural integrity and cause fracture and spalling of masonry materials. Because these building ties are concealed beneath the veneer, corrosion can proceed undetected until structural damage occurs. A new reactive silicate material that can...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Sweeney,Steven C, CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB (ARMY) CHAMPAIGN IL CHAMPAIGN...
INTRODUCTION: Repeated bacterial acid challenges to tooth enamel result in loss of the mineral component. The resulting spaces decrease the refractive index to light giving the appearance of a white lesion. Resin infiltration fills subsurface enamel voids and increases the refractive index of white spot lesions to more closely match the surrounding enamel and improve esthetics. Currently, there is a lack of information regarding the color stability of resin-infiltrated enamel following multiple...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Lummis,Robert Jr A, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences Bethesda...
Direct interfacing of nanosensors onto biomaterials could impact health quality monitoring and adaptive threat detection. Graphene is capable of highly sensitive analyte detection due to its nanoscale nature. Here we show that graphene can be printed onto water-soluble silk. This in turn permits intimate biotransfer of graphene nanosensors onto biomaterials, including tooth enamel. The result is a fully biointerfaced sensing platform, which can be tuned to detect target analytes. For example,...
Topics: DTIC Archive, TUFTS UNIV MEDFORD MA, *BACTERIA, *DETECTION, *ENAMELS, *GRAPHENE, *TEETH,...
Direct interfacing of nanosensors onto biomaterials could impact health quality monitoring and adaptive threat detection. Graphene is capable of highly sensitive analyte detection due to its nanoscale nature. Here we show that graphene can be printed onto water-soluble silk. This in turn permits intimate biotransfer of graphene nanosensors onto biomaterials, including tooth enamel. The result is a fully biointerfaced sensing platform, which can be tuned to detect target analytes. For example,...
Topics: DTIC Archive, TUFTS UNIV BOSTON MA SCHOOL OF MEDICINE, *BACTERIA, *DETECTION, *ENAMELS, *GRAPHENE,...
Topics discussed in this briefing include: *Problems with Masonry Ties; *Properties of Bonding Coatings; *Effects of Corrosion and Failure; *Types of Ties and Installation; *Standardization; *Target Test Site; and *Test Program and Metrics.
Topics: DTIC Archive, CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB (ARMY) CHAMPAIGN IL, *CORROSION RESISTANCE,...
Topics: DTIC Archive, PRO PERMA ENGINEERED COATINGS ROLLA MO, *ENAMELS, *REINFORCED CONCRETE, GLASS,...
Overview: * Corrosion of Reinforcing Steel in Concrete * Strategies to Prevent Corrosion * Alkali-resistant Vitreous Enamel Testing and Results * Ongoing Demonstration Work at CCAD * Summary
Topics: DTIC Archive, ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER CHAMPAIGN IL CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING...
Electrokinetic material fabrication techniques such as electrophoresis, electro-osmosis or ion transport, have been useful in constructing layered composites on electrically conductive substrates. These techniques have been widely used in producing, consolidating or cementing nano-particulate phases in uniform layers. Research is being undertaken on using these electrodeposition techniques to produce fine scale changes laterally across a surface. The goal is to develop approaches to creating...
Topics: DTIC Archive, ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS GEOTECHNICAL AND STRUCTURES...
Reinforced concrete (RC) is the major construction material for hardened structures for the Army. As a basis for shelters and for infrastructure reinforced concrete has two drawbacks: the bond between the concrete and its steel reinforcement at the interfacial zone is typically very weak and the increased porosity of the interfacial zone can accelerate penetration of chloride ions to the surface of the embedded steel reducing the time to the initiation of corrosion. Corrosion products from...
Topics: DTIC Archive, ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER CHAMPAIGN IL CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING...
A computer-implemented system and method of intra-oral analysis for measuring plaque removal is disclosed. The system includes hardware for real-time image acquisition and software to store the acquired images on a patient-by-patient basis. The system implements algorithms to segment teeth of interest from surrounding gum, and uses a real-time image-based morphing procedure to automatically overlay a grid onto each segmented tooth. Pattern recognition methods are used to classify plaque from...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ENAMELS, GUMS (SUBSTANCES), IMAGE ANALYSIS, TEETH, TOOTH...
A reactive silicate layer fused onto the surface of reinforcing steel provides a coupling layer that allows a very strong bond to develop between hydrating Portland cement paste and the surface of the steel. The reactive layer eliminates the problem of a weak, low-density hydrated, layer of paste forming on the surface of the steel. Steel enameling techniques are used to bond a low-melting point glass frit onto the steel. A high melting point hydraulically reactive silicate (such as Portland...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Day, Donna C, ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS, *BONDING,...
A new software equipped with novel image processing algorithms and graphical-user-interface (GUI) tools has been designed for automated analysis and processing of large amounts of biomedical image data. The software, called PlaqTrak, has been specifically used for analysis of plaque on teeth of patients. New algorithms have been developed and implemented to segment teeth of interest from surrounding gum, and a real-time image-based morphing procedure is used to automatically overlay a grid onto...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE, ALGORITHMS, BIOMEDICAL DATA,...
This paper briefly reviews our recent studies which aimed to investigate the effects of 1) the Ca(exp 2+) and PO4(exp 3-) ions flow and 2) amelogenins on the lengthwise growth of octacalcium phosphate (OCP), which is a potent precursor of enamel apatite crystal. OCP crystals were groan at 37 degrees C in a dual membrane system under various amount of ionic inflow into a reaction space using 1) 5-30mM Ca and PO4 solutions as ionic sources arid 2) extracted bovine amelogenin arid recombinant...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Lijima, M., Moriwaki, Y., Wen, H. B., Takagi, T., Fincham, A. G., UNIVERSITY OF...
327
327
2002
2002
2002
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Gill, Paul S.; Vaughan, William W
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The NASA Technical Standards Program was officially established in 1997 as result of a directive issued by the Administrator. It is responsible for Agency wide technical standards development, adoption (endorsement), and conversion of Center-unique standards for Agency wide use. One major element of the Program is the review of NSA technical standards products and replacement with non-Government Voluntary Consensus Standards in accordance with directions issued by the Office of Management and...
Topics: DRYING APPARATUS, COLOR, DATA BASES, PANELS, ADHESIVES, SOLVENTS, PORCELAIN, ENAMELS, WALLS,...
By comparing the effects of five orthodontic adhesives in clinical applications and the effect of related nursing method on their performance, the authors found that the EB-type compound resin and the EM-type enamel adhesive are strongly affected by the nursing operation and temperature, with many factors affecting their setting. In addition, the support braces were found from clinical investigations to have a higher drop-out rate; therefore, the foregoing two adhesives proved to be ineffective...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Weiya, Wang, NATIONAL AIR INTELLIGENCE CENTER WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH, *CLINICAL...
416
416
1997
1997
1997
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Warren, Anthony W.; Schwab, Robert W.; Geels, Timothy J.; Shakarian, Are
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This study develops an operational concept and requirements for en route Free Flight using a simulation of the Cleveland Air Route Traffic Control Center, and develops requirements for an automated conflict probe for use in the Air Traffic Control (ATC) Centers. In this paper, we present the results of simulation studies and summarize implementation concepts and infrastructure requirements to transition from the current air traffic control system to mature Free Right. The transition path to...
Topics: DENTISTRY, FIBER OPTICS, CEMENTS, ENAMELS, JOINTS (JUNCTIONS), PATENT APPLICATIONS, CAVITIES, TOOTH...
The U.S. Army Defense Ammunition Center and School (USADACS), Validation Engineering Division (SIOAC-DEV), was tasked by U. S. Army Natick Research, Development and Engineering Center (NRDEC) to evaluate the benefits of various solar radiation protection methods for ISO shipping containers. Protection methods tested consisted of the following: ceramic coatings from Florida Institute of Technology (FIT), NRDEC container cover; NRDEC double-thickness tarpaulin; a container cover from Fit's-Right...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Hartman, Quinn D., ARMY DEFENSE AMMUNITION CENTER AND SCHOOL SAVANNA IL,...
This specification is approved for use by the Naval Sea Systems Command, Department of the Navy, and is available for use by all Departments and Agencies of the Department of Defense. This specification covers copolymerized silicone alkyd enamels for use on primed, smooth metal, glass reinforced plastic (GRP), wood and plastic/composite surfaces.
Topics: DTIC Archive, NAVAL SEA SYSTEMS COMMAND WASHINGTON DC, *METALS, *COPOLYMERS, *SILICONES, *GLASS...
This specification covers copolymerized silicone alkyd enamels for use on primed, smooth metal, glass reinforced plastic (GRP), wood and plastic/composite surfaces.
Topics: DTIC Archive, DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE WASHINGTON DC, *ENAMELS, TEST AND EVALUATION, PAINTS, PIGMENTS,...
Topics covered in this volume include: Cathodic protection; Hydrogen effects, and Oil and gas production and refining workshop.
Topics: DTIC Archive, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF CORROSION ENGINEERS HOUSTON TX, *CORROSION INHIBITION,...
TT-E-489, a high-gloss alkyd enamel, was reformulated to be lead and chromate free and meet the maximum 3.5 lbs/gal Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) EPA requirement This report describes the evaluation of various ultraviolet light sources as used for accelerated weathering testing. Fail/pass criteria were the resistance to color change and to loss of gloss. TT-E-489, Low VOC coating, Topcoat, High gloss enamel
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY RESEARCH LAB FORT BELVOIR VA, *ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, *ACCELERATED TESTING,...
The effect of this supplementation on bone loss (distance from the cementum-enamel junction to the alveolar crest measured at the midline of the lingual aspect of each of the mandibular molar roots) was studied in rats that were either not stressed or stressed on a rotational device for 90 days. In the first neither vitamin E nor stress condition had statistically significant effects but there was substantial bone loss and bone-loss variability in all groups. Before the start of the second...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Cohen, M E, NAVAL DENTAL RESEARCH INST GREAT LAKES IL, *STRESS(PHYSIOLOGY), *BONES,...
Nine different coating systems on cold rolled steel were tested by recording EIS-data during immersion in 0.5 N NaCl (open to air). One set of samples tested was in the as-received condition and an artificial defect applied. Another set of samples were tested after 2 year's of outdoor exposure at Cape Canaveral, FL. For this set, the susceptibility to cathodic delamination was also evaluated. The as-received condition samples were tested for 1 year. The sample with an all-latex coating was...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Mansfield, Florian, UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES DEPT OF MATERIALS...
Nine different coating systems on cold rolled steel have been tested by recording of EIS data during immersion in 0.5 N NaCl (open to air). One set of samples has been tested in the as received condition and after application of an artificial defect. Another set was tested after outdoor exposure for two years at Cape Canaveral, Florida. For this set the susceptibility to cathodic delamination was also evaluated. For the set which was tested in the as-received condition for one year, the sample...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Mansfeld, Florian, UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES DEPT OF MATERIALS...
Diamines have shown their utility in the formation of many polymers. Examples of these polymers include polyimides, polyamides, and epoxies. The properties of these polymers are often dependent on the diamine which is used to make the polymer. By the present invention, a process was developed to make a diamine containing pentafluorosulfanylbenzene moiety. This process involves two steps: the preparation of a dinitro precursor and the reduction of the dinitro compound to form the diamine. This...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ANHYDRIDES, DIAMINES, EPOXY RESINS, HYDRAZINES, POLYAMIDE...
One reported advantage of DICOR is a hardness comparable to human enamel. However, DICOR restorations are subjected to different surface treatments as a result of processing, esthetics, and functional requirements. This study compared the Knoop hardness of DICOR specimens under three conditions: Treatment I (cerammed); Treatment II (cerammed and shaded); and Treatment III (sectioned to reveal internal DICOR material). Knoop hardness differences among groups were statistically significant (P...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Naylor, W P, SCHOOL OF AEROSPACE MEDICINE BROOKS AFB TX, *HARDNESS, REQUIREMENTS,...
Complex modulus data is presented for a total of 44 materials. The material types include polymers, enamels, and structural adhesives. The complex modulus data was obtained using the ASTM E-756 standard test. The complex modulus data set for each material given in this report contains the following information: A full page reduced frequency nomogram (FRN), A half page RFN with a list of the modulus, loss factor, and alpha sub T equations and equation parameters used to fit the data, A plot of...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Drake, Michael L, DAYTON UNIV OH RESEARCH INST, *POLYMERS, *MODULUS OF ELASTICITY,...
In vitro experiments have shown that twice daily exposure of S. mutans to various fluoride salts has shown that only SnF2 significantly alters this organisms growth and metabolism. The antibacterial effect of SnF2 was associated with an uptake of tin into the bacteria. Fluoride salts of sodium, lead, zinc, and copper had little effect in the test system. The pH of the various fluoride salts generally had no effect on the test compound activity except for the noted inactivation of SnF2 at...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Tinanoff,Norman, CONNECTICUT UNIV HEALTH CENTER FARMINGTON, *GERMICIDES, *DENTISTRY,...
Streptococcus mutans is believed to be the prime etiologic agent of coronal caries in both humans and animals. It has been suggested that the cariogenicity (virulence) of S. mutans is due to the ability of the organism to adhere to the tooth surface, then colonize or aggregate by synthesizing water insoluble glucans, and produce lactic acid by catabolizing fermentable carbohydrates to demineralize the enamel of teeth. The concept that the initiation of dental caries is associated with the...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Rosen, Samuel, OHIO STATE UNIV RESEARCH FOUNDATION COLUMBUS, *ETIOLOGY, *VIRULENCE,...
The Navy Clothing and Textile Research Facility studied the effectiveness of refurbishing the aluminum coating on worn aluminized proximity firefighters' clothing. It was thought that, if a spray-on aluminum enamel could restore the surface aluminum coating to an acceptable level of infrared radiant heat reflectance, then the clothing could be worn for an extended period of time, reducing replacement costs. Vacuum-deposited aluminum fabric specimens were cut from worn firefighters' clothing and...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Winer,H, NAVY CLOTHING AND TEXTILE RESEARCH FACILITY NATICK MA, *ALUMINUM COATINGS,...
Alliance Wall Corporation's Whyteboard, a porcelain enamel on steel panels wall board, owes its color stability to a KIAC engineering background study to identify potential technologies and manufacturers of equipment which could be used to detect surface flaws. One result of the data base search was the purchase of a spectrocolorimeter which enables the company to control some 250 standard colors, and match special colors.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), DRYING APPARATUS, ADHESIVES, SOLVENTS, PORCELAIN, ENAMELS,...
A feasibility study on the electroless or chemical plating of silver onto tooth surfaces has been conducted. A process has been developed that allows metallic silver to be bonded intimately to an enamel or dentin substrate. The conditions used to produce the coatings are detailed and the influence of various processing parameters on their properties is outlined. The highlights and conclusions were: A process has been perfected which allows extracted teeth to be electrolessly plated using cotton...
Topics: DTIC Archive, O'Keefe,Thomas J, MISSOURI UNIV-ROLLA MATERIALS RESEARCH CENTER, *ELECTROLESS...
The Handbook is a compilation of data and other relevant information obtained in the course of an 18-month program, details of which were presented in the final report published in August, 1983. The various known constructions of insulated metal (IM) substrates are described. The properties of porcelain- enameled steel (PES) substrates relevant to high-volume manufacture of thick- film hybrid microelectronic assemblies are presented. Typical properties of thick film conductors and resistors...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Timberlake, A B, WESTINGHOUSE DEFENSE AND ELECTRONICS CENTER BALTIMORE MD, *CERAMIC...
The objective was to detail the technology relevant to high volume production of thick-film hybrid electronics made with insulated-metal substrates. The technology applicable to ordnance projectile-fuze electronics was emphasized. The program was divided into several tasks to explore the critical elements of thick-film hybrid manufacturing. First, all physical, thermal, electrical, and chemical properties of commercially available porcelain-enameled steel (PES) substrates which affect their...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Timberlake, A. B., WESTINGHOUSE DEFENSE AND ELECTRONICS CENTER BALTIMORE MD, *HYBRID...
This report denotes work under the subject contract in the area of polymeric and enamel material damping properties measurement, finite element analysis of damped components and some special projects, including state-of-the-art mobility measurement evaluations and development of a unique high temperature, high driving force electro-magnetic transducer. (Author)
Topics: DTIC Archive, Ruddell,M, DAYTON UNIV OH RESEARCH INST, *TEST METHODS, *DAMPING, *MATERIALS,...
This report describes the results of several experimental investigations pertaining to the effects of composition, viscosity, microstructure, and constraining layer on the damping properties of vitreous enamels. New vitreous enamels such as mixed alkali silicate, lead silicate, and two phase fluoride composition have been characterized. The mixed alkali and lead silicate compositions exhibits the characteristic, viscoelastic damping peak. The damping temperatures and the peak intensities are...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Kumar,Binod, DAYTON UNIV OH RESEARCH INST, *DAMPING, *GLASS, *SILICATES, *ENAMELS,...
The primary objective of this program was to develop a beaded camouflage coating that has the following benefits while still conforming to the spectral and performance characteristics of the Army camouflage specifications: Improved mar resistance; Improved weather resistance; and Improved cost effectiveness. (Author)
Topics: DTIC Archive, Uphoff, J. W., ENTERPRISE CHEMICAL COATINGS CO WHEELING IL, *CAMOUFLAGE, *BEADS,...
A method for applying photographic resists to otherwise incompatible substrates, such as a baking enamel paint surface, is described wherein the uncured enamel paint surface is coated with a non-curing lacquer which is, in turn, coated with a partially cured lacquer. The non-curing lacquer adheres to the enamel and a photo resist material satisfactorily adheres to the partially cured lacquer. Once normal photo etching techniques are employed the lacquer coats can be easily removed from the...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ETCHING, LACQUERS, PHOTOGRAPHIC EMULSIONS, PHOTOMASKS,...
This report contains a detailed discussion of methods and procedures used to define the vibration damping properties of high temperature (260 C to 780 C) damping materials. The work was done by the University of Dayton Research Institute, Dayton, Ohio in partial fulfillment of Air Force Contract Number F33615-76-C-5137 for the Materials Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio. The work described was conducted during the period January 1976 through December 1979.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Hopkins, David M., DAYTON UNIV OH RESEARCH INST, *METHODOLOGY, *TEST METHODS,...
This report describes the results of an experimental investigation to determine the effects certain oxide additions have on the damping properties of a commerical glass (enamel) of known composition (Corning 0010) whose damping properties had previously been characterized. One of the aims of this investigation was to determine the effect the oxide additions had on the temperature at which peak damping occurred, singly and in combination. Past experience indicated the temperature of peak damping...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Graves,George A , Jr, DAYTON UNIV OH RESEARCH INST, *DAMPING, *GLASS, *COATINGS,...
Further studies were undertaken to test the feasibility of using metal films, deposited by electroless or chemical means, for use in the military dental program. The research effort during the past year was concentrated in the following areas: evaluation of the effects of preliminary treatments on the quality of metal plating, the use of alternate or additional etching agents, the testing of alternate reducing agents (other than hydrazine and ferrous sulfate), and morphological and rate studies...
Topics: DTIC Archive, O'Keefe,Thomas J, MISSOURI UNIV-ROLLA, *METAL FILMS, *ELECTROLESS PLATING, *WEAR...
Topics: DTIC Archive, FOREIGN TECHNOLOGY DIV WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH, *ELECTRICAL INSULATION, *ENAMELS,...
22
22
1978
1978
1978
by
Benjamin, Susan, 1921-
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128 pages : 26 cm
Topics: Enamel and enameling -- England, Enamel boxes -- Collectors and collecting -- England, Enamel and...
This report describes the generic derivation and the properties of precious and nonprecious metals and alloys used in dental practice. Limitations of the clinical application of the subject materials are pointed out. (Author)
Topics: DTIC Archive, Huget,Eugene F, ARMY INST OF DENTAL RESEARCH WASHINGTON D C, *METALS, *ALLOYS,...
Typical thin aircraft skin samples were fabricated of aluminum and fiberglass and painted with black enamel and other coatings. The samples were exposed to fluence levels from 20 to 200 cals/sq cm to produce simulated nuclear thermal damage. Their skin friction was then measured at Mach numbers of 0.5 and 0.8 and Reynolds' numbers of 6 to 16 million. An equivalent sand roughness was calculated from the drag. Results showed an initial increase in roughness which then remained constant until the...
Topics: DTIC Archive, York, E, BOEING AEROSPACE CO SEATTLE WA, *FUSELAGES, *RADIATION DAMAGE, AIRCRAFT,...
This study traced changes in the microstructures of five alloys over the range of temperatures employed in the application of dental porcelain. Specimens were 1/16 x 1/4-inch cast discs. A microscope that provided hot-stage and vacuum capabilities was used to monitor microstructures of the alloys between 800 F and 1,950 F. Heating rate of the cast pieces was 100 F per minute. Visualization of grain boundaries was made possible by selective thermal etching. Two alloys showed crystallographically...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Huget,Eugene F, ARMY INST OF DENTAL RESEARCH WASHINGTON D C, *MICROSTRUCTURE, *HIGH...
In the article there has been presented the progress in paint materials used for agricultural airplanes that has been attained in this country in the course of twenty years. In connection with the development in the world of polyurethane paint materials there have been carried thru comparative investigations of the epoxy compositions currently being used with three different polyurethane compositions. There has been described the methodology of the tests which included also investigations of...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Poninski,Wojciech, FOREIGN TECHNOLOGY DIV WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OHIO, *PROTECTIVE...
Equipment was developed and tested which was used for measuring the complex elastic moduli of thin porcelain enamel coatings at temperatures where they became very soft. Previous work has been done in glasses, almost exclusively at relatively low temperatures, to measure the effects of ionic diffusion or other chemical activation changes or at high temperatures where one is dealing with a melt. Measurements from ten to the 2nd power to ten to the 12th power Poise have been conducted mainly for...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Sridharan,Prabha Iyengar, MINNESOTA UNIV MINNEAPOLIS DEPT OF AERONAUTICS AND...
The purpose of this study is to investigate in-vivo enamel solubility techniques the effect of aging on Zirconium Silicate-Stannous Fluoride Prophy Paste. Stannous fluoride is an agent which has been used in solutions, dentifices and prophylactic pastes to reduce the incidence of dental caries and there is little doubt that SnF2 is effective in reducing dental caries. However, there is evidence to suggest that aging decreases SnF2 compound's ability to reduce enamel solubility. The reduction in...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Whitehurst,V E, HOWARD UNIV WASHINGTON D.C. COLL OF DENTISTRY, *ZIRCONIUM COMPOUNDS,...
This specification covers a copolymerized silicone alkyd enamel for use on primed, smooth metal surfaces. The Material complies with Air Pollution regulations, "Rule 66".
Topics: DTIC Archive, DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE WASHINGTON DC, *ENAMELS, TEST AND EVALUATION, COPOLYMERS,...