Volume II provides documentation and user guide for the DYNEVAL (Dynamic Economic Values) Model. DYNEVAL uses Lagrange Dynamic Programming to chart through time the optimal trajectory of an economy which has either been disrupted in some way or in which value structures have been changed. (Author)
Topics: DTIC Archive, Pugh,George E, DECISION-SCIENCE APPLICATIONS INC ARLINGTON VA, *MANAGEMENT PLANNING...
Social issues have often been solved, at least in part, by requiring that certain activities be undertaken by businesses on behalf of their employees. The entire social security system, workmen's compensation plans, and affirmative action for hiring of minorities are cases in point. The concept of using mandating as a portion of a national health insurance (NHI) plan arose during the Nixon administration and has been periodically (though not necessarily currently) embraced by such diverse...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Phelps,Charles E, RAND CORP SANTA MONICA CA, *HEALTH, *INSURANCE, *EMPLOYEE...
Topics: DTIC Archive, JOINT PUBLICATIONS RESEARCH SERVICE ARLINGTON VA, *FOREIGN TECHNOLOGY,...
The conference was held under the sponsorship of the Office of the Secretary of Defense, and was hosted by the Defense Logistics Agency. The primary theme was -- Quality - The Vital Link in Production and Readiness. During the conference, top-level Government officials met with industry Chief Executive Officers to express their growing concern regarding the overall quality and reliability of defense equipment. Highlighted was the fact that poor quality and reliability of defense equipment....
Topics: DTIC Archive, OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE WASHINGTON DC, *MANAGEMENT PLANNING AND CONTROL,...
A comprehensive examination of recent and proposed institutional and regulatory changes impacting local financial markets and a summary of the most important applications of mathematical programming to individual financial intermediaries and financial markets are presented. While U.S. financial markets face myriad regulatory and structural changes, there has been no systematic examination of the effects of these changes on local financial markets. Building on the concepts of self-dual quadratic...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Hoskins,James Arthur, AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH, *MATHEMATICAL...
This is a report by a Panel established by the President's Science Advisor in agreement with the Secretary of Defense to review the policies and practices of the basic research program in the Department of Defense (DOD). It is vital that the Defense Department support an extensive, vigorous, imaginative and high-quality basic research effort. The Panel urges the Secretary of Defense to affirm vigorously and publicly the critical importance of basic research to the DOD, and to clarify his policy...
Topics: DTIC Archive, EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT WASHINGTON DC OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY...
We believe DOD's fiscal year 1980 use of its authority to exceed its civilian personnel ceiling was consistent with the intent of the DOD Authorization Act. The Congress allowed DOD this additional flexibility to handle unforeseen events not covered in the budget process. NAVAIR, hindered by personnel ceilings and other constraints, has attempted to carry out a balanced program of workload with staffing resources. Thus management decisions are made on the relative priority of the activity...
Topics: DTIC Archive, GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC FEDERAL PERSONNEL AND COMPENSATION DIV,...
The effect of public opinion on future space programs is discussed in terms of direct support, apathy, or opposition, and concern about the tax burden, budgetary pressures, and national priorities. Factors considered include: the salience and visibility of NASA as compared with other issues, the sources of general pressure on the federal budget which could affect NASA, the public's opinions regarding the size and priority of NASA'S budget, the degree to which the executive can exercise leverage...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), FEDERAL BUDGETS, NASA PROGRAMS, PROJECT PLANNING,...
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This investigation covered a broad range of work by the principal investigator and various collaborations, all focused on the general issue of how planetary atmospheres are affected when there is a direct external flowing plasma interaction. The work included studies of the heating effects of atmospheric ions accelerated by the solar wind and then redeposited (precipitated) into the atmosphere, analyses of the upper atmosphere ionization processes, analyses of ionospheric data from both in situ...
Topics: RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, SPACE STATION FREEDOM, FEDERAL BUDGETS, NASA SPACE PROGRAMS, PERSONNEL
In the general discussion on how to make the best use of existing Federal laboratories, the following issues are explored: how to use or redirect a laboratory's capabilities when it essentially has completed its assigned mission; what policies or procedures foster or hinder an agency of Government making use of the capabilities existing in a laboratory funded by another agency; how can, or should, mission-oriented laboratories be responsive to national problems -- such as transportation,...
Topics: DTIC Archive, MacArthur, Donald M, OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR OF DEFENSE RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING...
The Congress faces an array of policy choices as it confronts the challenges posed by the amount of federal debt held by the publicwhich has more than doubled relative to the size of the economy since 2007and the prospect of continued growth in that debt over the coming decades if the large annual budget deficits projected under current law come to pass (see Figure 1-1). To help inform lawmakers, the Congressional Budget Office periodically issues a compendium of policy options that would help...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Congressional Budget Office Washington United States, federal budgets, united states...
The annual consideration of appropriations bills (regular, continuing, and supplemental) by Congress is part of a complex set of budget processes that also encompasses the consideration of budget resolutions, revenue and debt-limit legislation, other spending measures, and reconciliation bills. In addition, the operation of programs and the spending of appropriated funds are subject to constraints established in authorizing statutes. Congressional action on the budget for a fiscal year usually...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Else, Daniel H, LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE,...
There is no single federal definition of homelessness. However, most federal programs for the homeless define a homeless individual as a person who lacks a fixed and night-time residence or whose primary residence is a supervised public or private shelter designed to provide temporary living accommodations, an institution accommodating persons intended to be institutionalized, or a public or private place not designed for, or ordinarily used as, a regular sleeping accommodation for human...
Topics: DTIC Archive, McCarty, Maggie, LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE,...
In 2004, Congress passed the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act to reform security clearance processes. Much of GAO's experience in evaluating personnel security clearance processes over the decades has consisted of examining the Department of Defense's (DoD) program, which maintains about 2.5 million clearances on service members, DoD civilian employees, legislative branch employees, and industry personnel working for DoD and 23 other federal agencies. Long-standing delays in...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Farrell, Brenda S, GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE WASHINGTON DC, *MILITARY...
The Bush Administration completed its congress-mandated Nuclear Posture Review in December 2001. The review led to major changes in U.S. nuclear policy. It found that the United States' Cold War relationship with Russia was very inappropriate and that this nation must be able to deal with new threats. It planned to retain Cold War-era nuclear weapons, which would suffice for many contingencies, though at reduced numbers. To complement these weapons so as to improve U.S. ability to deal with...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Medalia, Jonathan, LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE,...
The President's budget is intended to address many objectives and meet many information needs; more than two dozen requirements are currently listed at 31 U.S.C. 1105. Accordingly, the budget comprises a wealth of information in a daunting array of schedules, tables, graphs, and narrative summaries. The comprehensiveness of the President's budget submission is its principal strength, but also creates its most obvious inconvenience - its sheer size and complexity. For example, for fiscal year...
Topics: DTIC Archive, GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC ACCOUNTING AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT DIV,...
The following is a reprint of Secretary Albright's remarks before the Subcommittee on Foreign Operations of the Senate Appropriations Committee in Washington, DC. on June 16. 1998. I am pleased to be here to seek your support for the President's request for funds for the foreign operations programs of the United States. I want to acknowledge at the outset that this Subcommittee and its members have been leaders in supporting a principled and purposeful U.S. foreign policy. We have not always...
Topics: DTIC Archive, DEFENSE INST OF SECURITY ASSISTANCE MANAGEMENT WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH, *ECONOMIC...
Policy recommendations in this report are as follows: (1) Title IV C provides much needed discretionary funds to school districts for innovative efforts and should be continued; (2) States should award Title IV C funds to local school districts on a competitive basis but within a framework of targeted federal or state priorities; (3) States should key their awards of Title IV C funds to the natural stages of the local innovative process by awarding three types of grants--a planning grant of one...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Berman,Paul, RAND CORP SANTA MONICA CALIF, *EDUCATION, *FEDERAL BUDGETS, ECONOMIC...
This paper presents an adaptable RDT&E process that can serve as a foundation upon which you and your fellow federal program managers can base your prioritization and justification processes. The process enables PMs to operate within the policies, procedures, and constraints of your parent organization.
Topics: DTIC Archive, MITRE CORP CHARLOTTESVILLE VA, *TEST AND EVALUATION, FEDERAL BUDGETS, UNITED STATES...
The VH-71 program is intended provide 23 new presidential helicopters to replace the current fleet of 19 aging presidential helicopters. As part of its proposed FY2010 Department of Defense (DOD) budget, the Administration is proposing to terminate the VH-71 program in response to substantial cost growth and schedule delays in the program. As a successor to the VH-71 program, the Administration is proposing to begin a new presidential helicopter program in FY2010 called the VXX Presidential...
Topics: DTIC Archive, LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE, *PRESIDENT(UNITED...
Topics: DTIC Archive, OFFICE OF THE COMPTROLLER OF THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE WASHINGTON DC, *FEDERAL...
This report investigates the military/civilian pay gap and its implications for capping military pay increases. The pay gap is defined as the percentage difference in military versus civilian pay growth as measured from a given starting point. The index currently used to measure civilian pay growth is the Employment Cost Index (ECI), which reflects pay growth in the civilian labor force at large. We instead recommend measuring civilian pay growth for the subset of civilian workers whose...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Hosek, James R, RAND CORP SANTA MONICA CA, *MILITARY PERSONNEL, *SALARIES, CIVILIAN...
Most current U.S. nuclear warheads were built in the 70s and 80s and must be maintained. To correct problems, a Life Extension Program (LEP) replaces components. The LEP rebuilds these components as closely as possible to original specifications. For FY2005, Congress provided $9 million to start the Reliable Replacement Warhead (RRW) program, which trades Cold War features for features more useful now. The National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) sees RRW as part of a plan that would...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Medalia, Jonathan, LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE,...
To address the challenges facing the U.S. Intelligence Community in the 21st Century, congressional and executive branch initiatives have sought to improve coordination among the different agencies and to encourage better analysis. In December 2004, the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act (P.L. 108-458) was signed, providing for a Director of National Intelligence (DNI) with substantial authorities to manage the national intelligence effort. The legislation calls for a separate...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Best, Jr, Richard A, LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH...
To address the challenges facing the U.S. Intelligence Community in the 21st Century, congressional and executive branch initiatives have sought to improve coordination among the different agencies and to encourage better analysis. In December 2004, the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act (P.L. 108-458) was signed, providing for a Director of National Intelligence (DNI) with substantial authorities to manage the national intelligence effort. The legislation calls for a separate...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Best, Jr, Richard A, LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH...
A large-scale assistance program has been undertaken by the United States in Iraq since mid-2003. To date, nearly $49 billion has been appropriated for Iraq reconstruction. Most recently, in June 2008, Congress approved over $4 billion for Iraq reconstruction in an FY2008/2009 supplemental appropriations bill, H.R. 2642 (P.L. 110-252). Contributions pledged by other donors at the October 2003 Madrid donor conference and in subsequent meetings have amounted to roughly $17 billion in grants and...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Tarnoff, Curt, LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE,...
This report describes the FY2009 appropriations for the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). The Administration requested a net appropriation of $38, 849 million in budget authority for FY2009. The House Appropriations Committee reported its version of the FY2009 DHS Appropriations bill on June 24, 2008. The bill was filed on September 18, 2008, as H.R. 6947, and the accompanying report has been numbered H.Rept. 110-862. House-reported H.R. 6947 would have provided a net appropriation of...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Lake, Jennifer E, LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE,...
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Topics: DTIC Archive, Defense Business Board Washington United States, department of defense, budgets,...
Research labs are to the national scientific enterprise what small businesses are to the American economy. Individual labs, funded by federal grants for research, employ young scientists and make the discoveries that tech companies capitalize on. Corporations like Apple, Pfizer and Boeing, to name a few, have built their success on pioneering discoveries made by federally funded scientists working at American universities. This pipeline of discovery and commercialization pays real dividends for...
Topics: DTIC Archive, AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY ROCKVILLE MD, *SCIENTIFIC...
Topics: DTIC Archive, CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET OFFICE (U S CONGRESS) WASHINGTON DC, *ECONOMIC ANALYSIS,...
Since 1994, over $63.6 million of CALFED Delta-Bay (CALFED) and Central Valley Project Improvement Act (CVPIA) funds have been used to purchase private lands in California for wetlands mitigation and wildlife enhancement. Using these funds, several federal agencies and nonprofit organizations have acquired about 101,800 acres 94,300 acres in full ownership and 7,500 acres in partial interest or easements that restrict how land may be used. Concerned about the potential effect that multiple...
Topics: DTIC Archive, GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC, *ACQUISITION, *WETLANDS, *WILDLIFE, *LAND...
At the request of Chairman Spratt, the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) has totaled the funding provided through fiscal year 2007 for military and diplomatic operations in Iraq and Afghanistan and other activities associated with the war on terrorism, as well as for related costs incurred by the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) for medical care, disability compensation, and survivors' benefits. In addition to totaling the funding provided to date, CBO has projected the total cost over the...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Orszag, Peter, CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET OFFICE (U S CONGRESS) WASHINGTON DC, *COST...
This thesis seeks to answer the question: How can Congress improve its oversight of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS)? It is widely accepted that congressional oversight of DHS is, at best, not optimal. Currently, 108 committees and subcommittees have jurisdiction over DHS. To provide some perspective, the Department of Defense (DoD) falls under only 36, with more than 10 times the budget. The jurisdictional disparity between the committees and subcommittees is preventing Congress from...
Topics: DTIC Archive, NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF NATIONAL SECURITY AFFAIRS, *CONGRESS,...
The Department of Defense (DOD) spends billions of dollars per year on fuel, and is pursuing numerous initiatives for reducing its fuel needs and changing the mix of energy sources that it uses. DOD s energy initiatives pose several potential oversight issues for Congress, and have been topics of discussion and debate at hearings on DOD s proposed FY2013 budget.
Topics: DTIC Archive, LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE, *DEPARTMENT OF...
The Bush Administration has requested $142.7 billion in federal research and development (R&D) funding for FY2008. As in the recent past, the FY2008 proposed increase over the FY2007 funding level is due to significant funding increases in the Department of Defense (DOD); the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA's) space vehicles development program; and the continuation of the American Competitiveness Initiative (ACI). The President initiated the ACI in FY2007 and...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Davey, Michael E, LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE,...
Foreign assistance is a fundamental component of the international affairs budget and is viewed by many as an essential instrument of U.S. foreign policy. Since the end of the Cold War, many have proposed significant changes in the size, composition, and purpose of the program, several of which have been adopted. The focus of U.S. foreign aid policy has also been transformed since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. This report provides an overview of the U.S. foreign aid program, by...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Tarnoff, Curt, LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE,...
When the Soviet Union collapsed in late 1991, it reportedly possessed more than 27,000 nuclear weapons, which were deployed on the territories of several of the former Soviet republics. All of the nuclear warheads have now been moved to Russia, but Russia still has around 6,000 strategic nuclear weapons and as many as 12,000 warheads for nonstrategic nuclear weapons. Many analysts in the United States and Russia have expressed concerns about the safety, security, and control over these weapons....
Topics: DTIC Archive, Woolf, Amy F, LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE,...
The high use of National Guard (Guard) forces for overseas missions has raised questions about its ability to support civil authorities in the event of a catastrophic incident. GAO was asked to assess two alternatives for providing funding and authority specifically for the Guard's civil support missions. Congress subsequently enacted a new approach for the Guard's civil support needs, which GAO also included in this assessment. GAO determined the following: (1) the extent to which planning to...
Topics: DTIC Archive, St Laurent, Janet A, GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE WASHINGTON DC, *NATIONAL GUARD,...
Lobbyists have been with us since the founding of the United States Government, but there is room for debate as to whether or not their influence is positive or negative, particularly in regard to defense budget and procurement. The legal basis for lobbying is found in the U.S. Constitution and supported through legal precedence, but many aspects of the practice remain legally and ethically ambiguous. Questioned are practices such as the 'revolving door' where national security experts pass...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Rock,Richard W, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *POLITICAL ALLIANCES, *MILITARY...
This report responds to your request that we review problems experienced by state Medicaid agencies in collecting from certain third parties. As a public assistance program, it was intended that Medicaid would pay for health care only after Medicaid recipients had used all their other health care resources. As agreed with your office we focused our review on out-state insurers and employee health benefit plan covered under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA). State...
Topics: DTIC Archive, GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC HUMAN RESOURCES DIV, *COSTS, *MEDICAL...
Topics: DTIC Archive, GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC GENERAL GOVERNMENT DIV, *SALARIES, *EMPLOYEE...
The Old Age and Survivor's Insurance (OASI) program of Social Security and the military retirement system provide substantial amounts of income for retirees, they are fundamentally different. In addition to providing retirement annuities, OASI attempts to improve the social welfare by redistributing income toward the old and the retired poor. The military retirement system helps manage military manpower. This system provides incentives for some personnel to remain in military service, and...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Cymrot,Donald J, CENTER FOR NAVAL ANALYSES ALEXANDRIA VA NAVAL PLANNING MANPOWER AND...
Topics: DTIC Archive, GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC RESOURCES COMMUNITY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT...
Faced with a relatively stable level of compliance staffing during a period of increasing responsibilities, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, nad Firearms (BATF) has had to make trade-offs in deciding how best to use its resources. Over the past few years, BATF's law enforcement and compliance responsibilities have grown. At the same time, its staffing levels, especially in the compliance area, have remained relatively stable. Faced with that set of circumstances, BATF has had to make trade-offs...
Topics: DTIC Archive, GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC GENERAL GOVERNMENT DIV, *UNITED STATES...
An analysis of the various remedies available to Government subcontractor's when they incur damages while performing on Government contracts. The thesis explores the various remedies available against the Government, the prime contractor, and/or his surety, and concludes that a careful subcontractor can protect his ability to recover through the terms of his contract with the prime contractor, or through a complete consideration of the possible remedies against the Government. (Author)
Topics: DTIC Archive, Cirelli,J F, ARMY MILITARY PERSONNEL CENTER ALEXANDRIA VA, *UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT,...
This technical memorandum contains brief technical papers describing research and technology development programs sponsored by the Ames Research Center Director's Discretionary Fund during fiscal year 1993 (October 1992 through September 1993). An appendix provides administrative information for each of the sponsored research programs.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AERONAUTICS, AEROSPACE SCIENCES, LIFE SCIENCES, NASA...
Records of the 120 terminated veterans we reviewed showed that one-third of them were paid for more than their allowable number of absences. Also, because of VA's practice of paying benefits before knowing whether the veteran attended class, many veterans who dropped training were overpaid. Under VA's current policy no effort is made to collect overpayments for excess absences. Because an accounts receivable is not established, the veteran is not notified that he or she was overpaid. Likewise,...
Topics: DTIC Archive, GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC HUMAN RESOURCES DIV, *EDUCATION,...
DOE made 9,987 grants valued at $649,013,000 during fiscal year 1980. We selected 10 grantees for review. These included educational institutions, governmental entities, private companies, and quasi-governmental organizations. The sample was geographically dispersed and included grants of relatively high-dollar value (i.e., $50,000 or more) and grantees with multiple grants. The 10 grantees had 45 grants and spent about $17 million during fiscal year 1980. The 10 grantees made 1,194 trips...
Topics: DTIC Archive, GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC FEDERAL PERSONNEL AND COMPENSATION DIV,...
The DoD Congressional Action Appropriation report is a track by line item of the DoD Budget throughout the congressional action process to include House & Senate Appropriation Committee actions, and Conference (enacted appns) action for FY 1982. The report includes summaries by appropriation (such as Operation & Maint., Army), appropriation title (such as Procurement), and Service component levels. (Author)
Topics: DTIC Archive, ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (COMPTROLLER) WASHINGTON D C, *DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE,...
An improved predictive understanding of the integrated Earth system, including human interactions, will provide direct benefits by anticipating and planning for possible impacts on commerce, agriculture, energy, resource utilization, human safety, and environmental quality. The central goal of the U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) is to help establish the scientific understanding and the basis for national and international policymaking related to natural and human-induced changes in...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ATMOSPHERIC MODELS, CLIMATE CHANGE, EARTH ENVIRONMENT,...
