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147
Jul 6, 2010
07/10
by
MISHUSTIN, Y. N
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A CRITICAL REVIEW IS PRESENTED OF WORKS PUBLISHED BY THE M. I. VOLSKIY LABORATORY AND BY OTHERS ON THE ASSIMILATION OF NITROGEN BY THE HIGHER ORGANISMS OF MAN, ANIMALS, AND PLANTS. M. I. VOLSKIY TRIES TO PROVE THAT ALL ORGANISMS FIX MOLECULAR NITROGEN, REGARDLESS OF SYMBIOSIS WITH MICROORGANISMS. CRITICAL ANALYSIS REVEALS, HOWEVER, THAT SUCH STATEMENT IS UNFOUNDED. VOLSKIY'S EXPERIMENTS WERE NOT REPRODUCIBLE. M. I. VOLSKIY DOES NOT USE THE LITERATURE OBJECTIVELY AND IGNORES MATERIALS THAT ARE...
Topics: COMMUNICATION, IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES, GROUND STATIONS, IONOSPHERIC PROPAGATION
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146
Jun 17, 2010
06/10
by
Carbenay, F
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Relationship between type IV chromospheric emissions and sudden ionospheric disturbances
Topics: AIRGLOW, CHROMOSPHERE, IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES, PERTURBATION, SUDDEN IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES,...
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145
Jul 5, 2010
07/10
by
Severnyy, A. B
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No Abstract Available
Topics: F REGION, GEOMAGNETISM, SPORADIC E LAYER, IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES
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114
May 27, 2011
05/11
by
Hollingsworth, Jeffery L.; Bridger, Alison F. C.; Haberle, Robert M
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This is a Final Report for a Joint Research Interchange (JRI) between NASA Ames Research Center and San Jose State University, Department of Meteorology. Using a global atmospheric circulation model for Mars, the focus of this JRI has been to provide support for the Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) spacecraft aerobraking activities and interpretation guidance of preliminary observations. The primary atmospheric model applied in this investigation has been a high-top version of the NASA Ames Mars...
Topics: IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES, ATMOSPHERIC SOUNDING, EARTH IONOSPHERE, MOSCOW, IONOSPHERIC STORMS
The SCINDA (AFRL's Scintillation Network Decision Aid) station at Calcutta (22.58 deg N, 88.38 deg E geographic; magnetic dip: 32 deg N) is situated in the geophysically sensitive Indian longitude sector virtually underneath the northern crest of the Equatorial Ionization Anomaly (EIA). The nearest SCINDA station on the west is located at Rajkot (22.50 deg N 70.78 deg E geographic) and on the east at Manila (14.58 deg N 121 deg E geographic). The station at Calcutta thereby forms an important...
Topics: DTIC Archive, CALCUTTA UNIV (INDIA), *IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES, INDIA, RECEIVERS, SCINTILLATION
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160
Jul 5, 2010
07/10
by
Bitoun, J.; Lebeau, A
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eye 160
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No Abstract Available
Topics: IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES, LONG WAVE RADIATION, NIGHT SKY, CHROMOSPHERE, SOLAR FLARES
Developed novel multi-nesting, time splitting and implicit relaxation techniques for coupled three-dimensional mesoscale/microscale ionospheric dynamics; resolved secondary Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities and characterized turbulent dynamics of plasma bubbles/ionospheric layers. Created methods based on Lagrangian coherent structures delineating formation of scintillation producing irregularities, discovered fine scale irregularity patterns/plasma pancakes in ionospheric flows; described...
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARIZONA STATE UNIV TEMPE, *IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES, IONOSPHERIC MODELS
Analysis of GPS phase fluctuations in conjunction with regional total electron content (TEC) maps, insitu measurements of sub-auroral polarization streams (SAPS) and auroral convection from several DMSP spacecraft and dynasonde measurements at the Bear Lake Observatory obtained during the intense magnetic storm of November 8, 2004, have indicated the tremendous impact of large ionospheric velocities on GPS-based navigation systems within the mid-latitude region in the North American sector. The...
Topics: DTIC Archive, BOSTON UNIV MA CENTER FOR SPACE PHYSICS, *IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES
Various observational tools are available for the study of F-layer irregularities in the equatorial region. These include optical observations of the depletion of electron density (groundbased and spacebased), GPS phase fluctuations, DMSP and ROCSAT in situ observations of ion density depletions, radar observations of coherent backscatter from equatorial irregularities, and ionospheric soundings. Each makes contributions to observational studies and each has its limitations. Our long term goal,...
Topics: DTIC Archive, BOSTON UNIV MA CENTER FOR SPACE PHYSICS, *IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES
We have two long-term goals. The first goal is to understand the electrical properties of the upper atmosphere and space environment to better assist designers and users of space systems and technology. The second goal is to educate the next generation of leaders in space science and engineering.
Topics: DTIC Archive, CORNELL UNIV ITHACA NY SCHOOL OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING, *IONOSPHERIC...
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344
Jul 11, 2010
07/10
by
NON
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This compilation covers NASA and AEC developed techniques covering bonding, brazing, and joining methods and technology.
Topics: ASTROPHYSICS, MATERIALS SCIENCE, RESEARCH FACILITIES, CLOUD PHYSICS, COSMIC RAYS, IONOSPHERIC...
Studies using all-sky imagers have revealed the presence of various ionospheric irregularities in the night-time mid-latitude F-region. The most prevalent and well known of these are the Medium Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances (MSTIDs) that usually occur when the geomagnetic activity is low, and mid-latitude spread-F plumes that are often observed when the geomagnetic activity is high. The inverse and direct relations between geomagnetic activity (particularly Kp) and the occurrence...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), DEPLETION, F REGION, GEOMAGNETISM, SPREAD F, TEMPERATE...
270
270
Jul 11, 2010
07/10
by
VINNIKOV, Y. A
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eye 270
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PREVIOUS WORK CONDUCTED ON THE EVOLUTION OF THE MECHANISM OF GRAVITY RECEPTION IN INVERTEBRATES AND VERTEBRATES. THE STRUCTURE OF THIS MECHANISM IN VARIOUS ORGANISMS FROM PROTOZOA TO MOLLUSKS AND CRABS IS DESCRIBED BY MEANS OF NUMEROUS ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC PHOTOGRAPHS. ACCORDING TO THE ANALYSIS, THIS STRUCTURE WAS RETAINED IN THE VERTEBRATES, AND DEVELOPED APPARENTLY IN DIRECT RELATION TO THE COMPLEXITY OF THEIR MUSCULAR STRUCTURE AND INTERRELATION WITH THE EARTH'S GRAVITY. THE EFFECTS OF...
Topics: IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES, PLASMA-ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERACTION, RADIO AURORAS, ATMOSPHERIC MODELS,...
This work addresses some of the key topics of space physics research recommended in the National Research Council 2003 report A Decadal Research Strategy in Solar and Space Physics , namely, the thunderstorm-driven electrodynamic coupling between the troposphere, mesosphere, lower ionosphere, and magnetosphere. Lightning-induced electron precipitation encompasses all of these regions, from atmospheric and mesospheric electrodynamics, to radiation belt scattering, to precipitation and...
Topics: DTIC Archive, STANFORD UNIV CA STAR LAB, *IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES, LIGHTNING, OPTICAL PROPERTIES,...
228
228
May 30, 2010
05/10
by
Swenson, G. W., Jr.; Yeh, K. C
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eye 228
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F region irregularities studied by scintillation of signals from satellites
Topics: F REGION, IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES, IRREGULARITIES, SATELLITE TRANSMISSION, SCINTILLATION, F LAYER,...
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243
Jun 21, 2010
06/10
by
Holman, E. V
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eye 243
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Design, development, and characteristics of latching mechanism for operation in limited access areas
Topics: GRAVITATIONAL WAVES, IONOSPHERIC PROPAGATION, SUDDEN IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES, F REGION, SPORADIC E...
402
402
May 23, 2011
05/11
by
Donlon, Crai
texts
eye 402
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Quantitative predictions of spatial and temporal changes the global climate rely heavily on the use of computer models. Unfortunately, such models cannot provide the basis for climate prediction because key physical processes are inadequately treated. Consequently, fine tuning procedures are often used to optimize the fit between model output and observational data and the validation of climate models using observations is essential if model based predictions of climate change are to be treated...
Topics: PLANETARY IONOSPHERES, PLANETARY ATMOSPHERES, PLANETARY ATMOSPHERES, DATA COMPRESSION, MARS PROBES,...
Collective plasma phenomena induced in the ionospheric F-region by intense high-frequency radiation are examined on several time and length scales. The short wavelength, high-frequency turbulence associated with the observed high-frequency enhanced electron density fluctuations at the electron plasma frequency is shown to result from parametric excitation of plasma and acoustic waves by the high-frequency radiation. The wave kinetic equation describing the non-linear evaluation of the...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Perkins, Francis W, PRINCETON UNIV NJ, *IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES, IONOSPHERIC...
Reprint: Storm Time Electric Field Penetration Observed at Mid-Latitude.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Yeh, H -C, HAYSTACK OBSERVATORY WESTFORD MA, *MAGNETOSPHERE, *CONVECTION, IONOSPHERIC...
Topics: DTIC Archive, ISTITUTO NAZIONALE DI GEOFISICA ROME (ITALY), *IONOSONDES, ITALY, ELECTROMAGNETIC...
143
143
May 23, 2011
05/11
by
Goldmeer, Jeffrey S.; Yang, Chin-Tien; Urban, David L.; Tien, James S
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eye 143
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The combustion and extinction behavior of a solid polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) cylinder in a low speed flow are examined both theoretically and experimentally.
Topics: PLANETARY SURFACES, SCALING LAWS, TRAVELING IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES, CRATERS, IMPACT ACCELERATION,...
DESCRIPTORS: (*Economics, *Supplies, Distribution, *Mathematical analysis.)As a part of their extensive contractual effort in the area of economic inventory policies (EIP), Harbridge House of Boston, Massachusetts, studied inventory policies at the national or wholesale level. It was found that though the determination of operating levels is adequate, their approach to the determination of safety levels has several flaws making their recommended determination of safety levels inadequate....
Topics: DTIC Archive, RYBNER, JORGEN, TECHNICAL UNIV OF DENMARK COPENHAGEN, *IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES,...
The memorandum investigates the steady-state perturbations of the ion and electron densities caused by a large-radius conducting disk moving through the ionosphere at a speed intermediate to the ion and electron thermal speeds. An approximation to the electron density in the region close behind the body is found by solving Poisson's equation, neglecting the ion density. For larger distances behind the body where the ion and electron densities are almost equal, an expression for the Fourier...
Topics: DTIC Archive, RAND CORP SANTA MONICA CA, *IONOSPHERE, *WAKE, ELECTRON DENSITY, IONOSPHERIC...
Topics: DTIC Archive, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE WASHINGTON DC, *FORECASTING, *IONOSPHERIC PROPAGATION, LONG...
This report covers 1960-63 results on oblique incidence, satellite scintillation, D region scatter, shape of irregularities in D + E regions, flutter fading, and direct back-scatter from the F region.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Clemesha, B R, GHANA UNIV LEGON, *IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES, ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE...
Contents include the following: Introduction. Programmatic aspects of RHA. RHA componens: requirements and specifications; mission radiation environment; and parts selection and radiation tolerance. Analysis at the function/subsystem/system level: TID/DD; SEE. Conclusion.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), RADIATION TOLERANCE, HARDNESS, ASSURANCE, AEROSPACE SYSTEMS,...
Reprint: Electrical Potential Patterns Deduced for the SUNDIAL period of 23-26 September 1986.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Emery, B A, SRI INTERNATIONAL MENLO PARK CA, *IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES, *POTENTIAL...
During the period of low solar activity at sunrise the effect of sporadic high frequency near Earth space radio emission was experimentally discovered at middle latitudes. The possible mechanism of its origin is discussed.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CHROMOSPHERE, IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES, RADIO EMISSION, RADIO...
Sporadic radio emission of near Earth space at the frequency of 38 MHz is shown to appear in the event of a rapid development of instabilities in the ionospheric plasma. The instabilities are generated due to primary ionospheric disturbances occurring under the influence of solar chromospheric flares.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CHROMOSPHERE, IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES, IONOSPHERIC NOISE,...
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190
Jun 27, 2010
06/10
by
Stocky, J. F
texts
eye 190
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Mariner Mars 1971 orbiter propulsion subsystem for trajectory corrections, Mars orbit insertion, and orbit trim maneuvers
Topics: DIURNAL VARIATIONS, IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES, IONOSPHERIC ELECTRON DENSITY, IONOSPHERIC F-SCATTER...
183
183
Jul 11, 2010
07/10
by
ZASLAVSKAYA, N. I.; KVASHA, L. G
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eye 183
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SILICATES AND CHROMITE IN THE RELATIVELY RARE MULTI-MINERAL INCLUSIONS OF THE SIKHOTE-ALIN OCTAHEDRITE ARE STUDIED. UNDER X-RAY DIFFRACTION ANALYSIS, SEPARATE SILICATE GRAINS FROM THE THREE INCLUSIONS FOUND WERE SHOWN TO BE MOSTLY PYROXENE AS WELL AS OLIVINE. TABLES ARE INCLUDED GIVING X-RAY DIFFRACTION DATA (POWDER PATTERNS) FOR THE SILICATES AND CHROMITE OF THE INCLUSIONS.
Topics: MAGNETOSPHERIC INSTABILITY, MORTALITY, SOLAR ACTIVITY EFFECTS, STATISTICAL CORRELATION, GEOMAGNETIC...
Topics: DTIC Archive, WRIGHT, R W, AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS HANSCOM AFB MA, *IONOSPHERIC...
LONG-TERM GOALS: Understanding physical processes that leads to plasma structuring in the equatorial, mid and high-latitude ionosphere. Identifying the effects of such variability, generally known as ionospheric space weather, on the operation of various communication, navigation and surveillance systems. OBJECTIVES: Establish major drivers that lead to structured ionospheric plasma in equatorial, mid and high-latitude regions. Investigate cascading of plasma structuring from large ( hundreds...
Topics: DTIC Archive, BOSTON UNIV MA CENTER FOR SPACE PHYSICS, *IONOSPHERE, *PLASMAS(PHYSICS), IONOSPHERIC...
The importance of ionospheric irregularities in the overall concept of dynamic ionospheric physics modeling is emphasized. In particular, ionospheric irregularities produce scintillation which cause communication and radar system degradation. The determination, classification and nonlinear development of such instabilities, in terms of theoretical and numerical studies, is of fundamental importance. This report gives an overview of ionospheric irregularities and specific results in two areas:...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Ossakow, S. L., NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC, *IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES, CLOUDS,...
Research during the period since 5/1/96 has focused on time frequency reconstruction and time varying imaging. The core of the space frequency algorithm, developed in year one, has been further refined. This algorithm has been tested on more robust sets of images and cases with simulated measurement noise. The results have been extremely positive. Future work will focus on making this core algorithm into a complete CIT algorithm. The other area of research has been in the development of the...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Na, Helen, IOWA UNIV IOWA CITY, *IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES, ALGORITHMS, SIMULATION,...
145
145
Jun 18, 2010
06/10
by
Vinogradov, Yu. I.; Yeryushev, N. N
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eye 145
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Correlation between X-ray emission of flares originating behind solar disk and occurrence of sudden ionospheric disturbances
Topics: EMISSION, X-RAY, OCCURRENCES, SOLAR FLARES, SUDDEN IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES, SUN, X RAYS, EMISSION,...
166
166
Jul 11, 2010
07/10
by
BEREGOVOY, G. T.; KRYLOVA, N. V.; SOLOVYEVA, I. B.; SHIBANOV, G. P
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A THEORETICAL APPROACH TO THE EVALUATION OF A COSMONAUT'S PSYCHOLOGICAL RESERVES AND PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONING IN THE SPACE MAN-MACHINE SYSTEM IS OUTLINED. DUE TO THE GREATER INDEPENDENCE OF THE MAN-MACHINE SYSTEM IN SPACE, THE COSMONAUT MUST BE CAPABLE OF PERFORMING AS AN OBSERVER, OPERATOR, REPAIRMAN AND AS A WORKING RESERVE ON THE SPACECRAFT. THE IDEAL FUNCTION OF THE COSMONAUT IN THE LATTER THREE ROLES IS DESCRIBED IN TERMS OF FOUR BASIC STEPS USED IN HUMAN FACTORS ENGINEERING:...
Topics: RADIO SIGNALS, SOLAR FLARES, SUDDEN IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES, VERY LOW FREQUENCIES, OMEGA...
Exact solutions for the reflection and transmission coefficients are obtained for two general electron density distributions: kinked-trapezoid and exponential-homogeneous-exponential. Normal incidence into a stratified plasma slab is assumed so that the electromagnetic waves are propagating parallel to the free electron density gradients. A constant magnetic field is applied in the propagation direction. The solutions derived on this basis are used to evaluate the effect of the more realistic...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Gold, Richard R, AEROSPACE CORP EL SEGUNDO CA, *ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE REFLECTIONS,...
Ionospheric scintillation analyses have been conducted on several fronts, and are discussed here in the light of: (1) recent observations, current theories, and coordinated studies of equatorial scintillations; (2) morphology and analytical formulas at high latitudes; (3) measurements associated with ionospheric heating. F-region irregularities are viewed from the concepts of localized origin of patches, in-situ spectral measurements, and coexistence of km- and m-scale irregularities. The...
Topics: DTIC Archive, EMMANUEL COLL BOSTON MASS PHYSICS RESEARCH DIV, EQUATORIAL REGIONS, ELECTRON DENSITY,...
Topics: DTIC Archive, FOREIGN TECHNOLOGY DIV WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH, *IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES, WEATHER...
Electron parallel dynamics and Coulomb collisions are included in the analysis of the transverse Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. The electrons are treated kinetically while the ions are treated in the fluid limit. It is shown that, in the collisionless case, for an in homogeneous velocity profile v(x)=v sub tanh (x/L the kelvin-Helmholtz instability is stable for k sub z/k sub y v sub 0)/(L omega sub lh)) k u L(1-k y sq rt in the limit w-ky v sub 0 k sube x V sube e. Here V sub o is the flow...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Satyanarayana,P, SCIENCE APPLICATIONS INTERNATIONAL CORP MCLEAN VA, *IONOSPHERIC...
We present an analytical expression for the growth rate of the E X B instability in the long wavelength limit, i.e., k sub y L sub n always less than 1, where k sub y is the wavenumber and L sub n is the scale length of the density gradient. Specifically, we obtain results for the case of a single discontinuity in plasma density. (Author)
Topics: DTIC Archive, Huba,J D, NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC, *IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES, STABILITY, F...
Reprint: Average Height-Integrated Joule Heating Rates and Magnetic Deflection Vectors Due to Field-Aligned Currents during Sunspot Minimum.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Rich, F J, PHILLIPS LAB HANSCOM AFB MA, *ENERGY TRANSFER, *SOLAR ACTIVITY,...
A study of the F-layer of the ionosphere made with an HF backscatter radar using a narrow-beam antenna has revealed a large number of irregularities in the size range from 50 to 500 km in north-south extent. It was possible to divide these irregularities into 5 types which were named spot, line, split, step, and range variable. On the basis of 60 one-hour records, the probability of the occurrence of each type was estimated (spot: 60%; split: 90%; others: less than 20% of the time). North-south...
Topics: DTIC Archive, STANFORD UNIV CA STANFORD ELECTRONICS LABS, *IONOSPHERE, *IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES,...
Accurate fixed-frequency virtual height data collected on a digital ionosonde are analyzed to measure speed and direction of traveling ionospheric disturbances by matching the experimental data with virtual height and echo amplitude obtained from a simple model of the disturbed ionosphere. Several data records analyzed in this manner indicate speeds of 400 to 680 m/sec and a direction of propagation from north to south. The digital ionosonde collects virtual height data with a time resolution...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), F REGION, IONOSONDES, DIGITAL SYSTEMS, IONOSPHERIC...
Pre and post launch support work constitute the most significant activity during the report period. DIDM-2 was launched 13 July 2000 on the CHAMP spacecraft. The initial turn-on and early orbit phase of operations was virtually anomalous-event free, and the instrument continues to return good data. A synopsis of the on-orbit performance to date, is presented in this report. A review of another undertaking, the analysis and design work carried out on behalf of the succeeding instrument (DIDM-3),...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Morgan, M A, AMPTEK INC BEDFORD MA, *IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES, *SPREAD F, RESEARCH...
As solar maximum approaches, the 'space-weather' vulnerability of systems that depend upon transionospheric radio propagation will increase. Likely effects include variable range errors in the Global Positioning System (GPS) due to variations in ionospheric 'total electron content' (TEC), spatial gradients in such errors, and the scintillation' of signals employed in a variety of navigation, communication, and other systems. This report summarizes research performed in the first year of a...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Fremouw, E J, NORTHWEST RESEARCH ASSOCIATES INC BELLEVUE WA, *IONOSPHERE,...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Aarons, Jules, BOSTON UNIV MA CENTER FOR SPACE PHYSICS, *AURORAE, *IONOSPHERIC...
Riometer record reproduction of 18-Mc and 30-Mc cosmic noise are presented for the period 29 June 1964 to 3 January 1965. The riometers were located near San Francisco, California. The riometer and the field site are described briefly and the use of the data is explained.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Hodges, J C, STANFORD RESEARCH INST MENLO PARK CA, *EXTRATERRESTRIAL RADIO WAVES,...
Various observational tools are available for the study of F-layer irregularities in the equatorial region. These include optical observations of the depletion of electron density, GPS phase fluctuations, DMSP in situ observations of ion depletions, radar observations of coherent scatter from equatorial irregularities, and ionospheric soundings. Each makes contributions to observational studies and each has its limitations. Our long term goal, using a full set of these measurements, is to study...
Topics: DTIC Archive, BOSTON UNIV MA CENTER FOR SPACE PHYSICS, *EQUATORIAL REGIONS, *IONOSPHERIC...
