Topics: DTIC Archive, Glantz, David M, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Menning, Bruce W, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
Soviet naval special purpose forces have been highly visible over the past several years, both in the Western military press and, some content, in Western territorial waters. Published material on this subject, however, tends to contain little analysis of the historical antecedents of current Soviet naval special purpose forces. The neglect of the historical aspects of this topic is not due to any lack of interest, but is instead a result of widespread unfamiliarity with Soviet source...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Gebhardt, James F, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
This article is concerned with the impact of military reform on Soviet concepts for conducting operational maneuver. Recent Soviet announcements call our attention to changes that will result in a recognizable defensive orientation in its armed forces. Actual structural changes have already begun. The author observes that it is as yet too early to determine if these moves will fulfill their intended purpose. He notes that political, economic and military factors will all influence the new...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Glantz, David M, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
Gorbachev's glasnost' (public openness) policy has generated debate in the Western media and among scholars about the scope and significance of political reform in the Soviet Union. Regardless of their political biases, most Western analysts have based their arguments on limited evidence drawn from official Soviet press reports. This study will examine Gorbachev's policy in a broader historical, conceptual and social context. The paper will briefly outline the origins of glasnost' in...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Gross, Natalie, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
Historically, Soviet ground forces have focused on the enemy's force rather than on terrain. The author finds that the changing nature of the battlefield is causing the Soviets to alter the manner in which missions and objective depths are assigned to tactical and operational formations. Recent Soviet writings indicate that the changing landscape in Central Europe and increased battlefield lethality suggest an increased emphasis on terrain. Keywords: Objective depths, Offensive planning norms,...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Grau, Lester W, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
This paper is going to address the USSR's application of technology to enhance its capabilities to support and wage military operations in 'local wars'. To be sure, recent Soviet developments in this regard often have been no more subtle than the production of the new Antonov 'Condor' long-range transport aircraft, or the recent establishment of Naval Infantry airborne assault battalions tasked to seize or destroy coastal targets using the most recent assault transport means. Accompanying these...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Turbiville, Graham H , Jr, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY...
This report analyzes Soviet naval history, especially joint military operations with the Russian Army, from the Crimean War to World War II. Keywords: Land warfare; Naval warfare; Far East; Military doctrine; Cooperation; Turkey; Japan; Russian Revolution.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Kipp, Jacob W, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Grau, Lester W, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
The Article emphasizes the Corporate approach of the Soviet General staff to changing international security assessments in the late 1980's. Keywords: Soviet general staff; Marshal Akhromeyev; USSR; Military forces (foreign); Military doctrine.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Menning, Bruce W, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Kipp, Jacob W, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Glantz, David M, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
The Soviets have continuously restructured and re-equipped their forces to match the current state of Soviet military doctrine, military science, military art, potential areas of military operations, and prospective enemies. The process is evolutionary yet dynamic, and while smaller changes occur constantly, at times major restructuring reforms have occurred to accommodate major changes in the military environment. Since 1945 the Soviets have conducted four major reforms of their force...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Glantz, David M, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
On 22 June 1941, the German Army unleashed a devastating surprise attack on the Soviet Union. This attack heavily damaged the Red Army and ultimately shook the foundations of the Soviet state. The June disaster was, in part, the product of a Soviet strategic intelligence failure. In early September 1941, Guderian's Second Panzer Group turned abruptly southward from Smolensk, thrust by surprise into the rear of the Soviet Southwestern Front defending Kiev, and swallowed up over 600,000 Soviet...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Glantz, David M, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Grau, Lester W, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Kipp, Jacob W, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
This report contains citations to Soviet sources and English translations concerning the topics of military/political assessments of various conflicts in the Middle East, descriptions of the various regional Armed Forces, and assessments of Soviet experience with desert warfare.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Sanz, Timothy L, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Glantz, David M, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
Soviet military strategy--concerned with organizing, structuring, training, and equipping the Armed Forces, and the planning, preparation, and conduct of military operations in future was--is in the process of fundamental change. A new Soviet military posture and associated concepts for the conduct of theater-scale combined arms operations--shaped by a host of complex political, economic, and military considerations--is now beginning to take form. Clearly, a number of the political-military...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Turbiville, Jr, Graham H, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY...
The transition of the Soviet armed forces from a peacetime to a wartime footing and the creation and concentration of combined arms groupings for the conduct of military operations are processes affected directly and fundamentally by evolving Soviet perceptions of the nature of the future war. The complex of plans, preparations and resources integral to this process-which the Soviets designated strategic deployment -has undergone sweeping change over the past 30 years and could be substantially...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Turbiville, JR, Graham H, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY...
The Soviet army tactical defense, when given adequate preparation time, is a formidable obstacle to an attacker. The battalion defensive position supports a combined arms battle which heavily relies on deception, field fortifications and internal fire sacs. The study provides a detailed laydown of forces and weapons systems in such a defense.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Gebhardt, James F, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
The study addresses changes in logistic support concepts intended to complement strategic planning and maneuver force restructuring. It discusses how changing operational and tactical concepts as well as technology are shaping Soviet approaches. Keywords: Reprints; Logistics; Supply; Military transportation; Ammunition; Fuel; Combat service support; Force structure; Combined arms operations.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Turbiville, Jr, Graham H, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY...
The study addresses the complex of Soviet Logistic Support measures associated with sustaining theater strategic operations. It deals with the development of the Soviet Logistic System in the post-World War II years and sweeping changes occurring in the 1980s. Keywords: Rear service support; Force structure; Afghanistan; Military transportation; Combat support. Reprints.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Turbiville, Jr , Graham H, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY...
In a 1967 study, Y. Novikov and F. Sverdlov discussed the 'Operational maneuver concept. It is' undertaken to achieve success in an operation in keeping with the concept and under the guidance of the commander of an operational unit. Its scope, as regards forces involved, and particularly area and time (except for maneuver with nuclear power) transcends the bounds of the battlefield. Operational maneuver is aimed at changing the situation in the course of an operation to facilitate the...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Glantz, David M, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
Soviet naval officers perceive the Falkland Islands War as one manifestation of increasing rivalry among capitalist states of different levels of development. This circumstance suggests greater Soviet efforts to undermine the U.S. alliance system and to increase its problems of coalition management. Two other trends which the Falklands seemed to confirm are: the emergence of the possibility of resource wars between the North and South, and the increased reliance of the West upon an 'oceanic...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Kipp, Jacob W, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Orenstein, Harold S, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Gebhardt, James F, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
This essay uses an historical approach to analyze the evolution of US and Soviet military doctrine, particularly that of their respective ground forces, over the last four decades. Keywords: Deterrence; Conventional Soviet military forces; European balance of power; Military operational art; Confidence-building measures.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Kipp, Jacob W, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
In spite of a growing body of Soviet military literature which expressly addresses the problem of foresight and forecasting in military affairs, very little has been written on this important topic in the West. Professor John Erickson has pointed out that 'Forecasting has become something of a favourite Soviet pasttime' indeed more than that, for it has been endowed with a certain ideological rectitude....' Forecasting (prognozirovanie), which includes highly sophisticated techniques employed...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Kipp, Jacob W, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
By exploiting formerly classified materials, this report investigates the nature and evolution of Soviet operational art in the inter-war years.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Glantz, David M, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
In their current restructuring efforts the Soviets are considering what many US planners have long advocated -- the formation of combined arms battalions . The author presents substantial data from Soviet exercises and combat experiences since World War II, clearly showing that battalion battle groups have normally been constructed to possess a combined arms mix with increased combat power and maneuverability. Keywords: Combined arms battalion; Tactical force structure; Combat organization.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Grau, Lester W, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
The Soviets have long understood the prerequisites for achieving combat success at the operational and tactical levels of war. Among these prerequisites is the necessity for conducting efficient, rapid maneuver. Long- term Soviet belief in the utility of operational maneuver is well-documented in Soviet military works and, to an increasing degree, in Western analyses of Soviet operational techniques, Western appreciation of Soviet concern for tactical maneuver, however, is less mature. Most...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Glantz, David M, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
Maskirovka deception has always been a primary consideration in Soviet planning and conduct of military operation. Combat experience has demonstrated that successful maskirovka yields surprise and hence marked advantage over the enemy. Soviet concern for maskirovka dates to the pre-Second World War years when military theorists worked out the theoretical basis for its conduct and real measures for its implementation on the battlefield. By the late 1930s Soviet planners at front and army level...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Glantz, David M, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Kipp, Jacob W, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
This report surveys contending Soviet views on the nature of future war as a major ingredient in the formulation of future Soviet military strategy. A major reality Soviet military planners must contend with in formulating a future military strategy is the nature of future war in general and the traditional concept of the initial period of war in particular.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Glantz, David M, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
This assay provides commentary and context to the Soviet General Staff's approach to the study and preparation of space as an arena for the conduct of military actions. These comments are based on a lecture given by General-Major I.B. Shaposhnikov at the Voroshilov Academy of the General Staff in the mid 1970s and draw upon a larger study of these issues which was under taken by the author et al.: Soviet Views on Military Operations in Space (1986). Keywords: Soviet military doctrine,...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Kipp, Jacob W, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
Soviet operational art, by definition, encompasses the planning, preparation, and conduct of operations within distinct geographical limits for the purpose of achieving military aims and objectives commensurate with the political goals of the nation. National political goals dictate the strategic nature and form of an operation and, hence, establish the context for operational and tactical measures necessary to achieve the strategic goals. To define the relationship between distinct levels of...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Glantz, David M, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Kipp, Jacob W, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
The Soviet concept of 'desant' is defined in their Military Encyclopedia Dictionary as forces, specially prepared and landed or designated for landing on the enemy's territory for the purpose of conducting combat actions. In other words, it encompasses both the force and the landing of the force together in one term. The evolution of the Soviet DESANT system remains a dynamic process. Their approach is primarily a systems approach, i.e., the interrelationships of technology, force structure,...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Holcomb, James F , Jr, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY...
This paper presents information relating to special forces operation conducted by the soviet union and information relating to their ability to conduct future operations. Keywords: KGB, GRU, Spetsnaz, Assault forces.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Holcomb, James F , Jr, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY...
The study describes how the Imperial Russian Army adapted its tactics and organization to conduct operations in a frontier environment and explains why some changes persisted and others did not. Keywords: Frontier warfare, History.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Menning, Bruce W, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
Soviet military planners continue to critically examine and reassess the USSR's approach to conducting large-scale strategic combined arms operations. Criteria for defining and categorizing theater-strategic operations, the relationship of offense and defense, and the optimum means of achieving strategic objectives with conventional theater forces are integral to this process. The author evaluates recent Soviet developments in this regard and points to a Soviet recognition that combined arms...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Turbiville, Jr , Graham H, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY...
Today the Soviets are confronted by changing conditions which impel them to alter their force structure. Purely military considerations, in particular the accelerating pace of technological change and the evolving battlefield environment, necessitate fundamental changes. For a decade the Soviets have gradually adjusted their force structure to accommodate these new realities, but today the existing force structure has evolved as far as it can. Clearly, new forms of forces are required which...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Glantz, David M, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Orenstein, Harold S, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY...
Soviet strategists believe that whether a future war is limited or all-nuclear, short or protracted, it will be fought in the European theater or on a global scale by opposing coalitions of states. Yet, at present, Soviet military theoreticians address coalitional warfare in the new context of theater conventional operations and strategic coordination. The author examines: Western scholarship on Soviet/East European military relations. She identifies some flaws and failures in the study of...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Gross, Natalie, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
In July 1984, at a ceremony attended by numerous generals and officers of the Soviet Ariborne Troop Headquarters' Staff, Airborne Troop Commander - in - Chief, Army General Dmitry S. Sukhorukov presented the Hero of the Soviet Union (Gold Star) medal and the Order of Lenin to an Airborne battalion commander for courage and heroism displayed in Afghanistan. This award to an airborne soldier for combat operations in Afghanistan is one of many earlier and subsequent presentations of military...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Turbiville, Jr, Graham H, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY...
As Soviet perceptions of future war have changed over time, so have their operational concepts and force structure. With the realization of the possibility (indeed the increasing probability) of a conventional phase to any future war, the Soviets have conducted an exhaustive study of their own and others military historical experience to determine solutions to the problems such a battlefield might present. A major aspect of this analysis was the realization that artillery will have to...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Holcomb, James F , Jr, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY...
In establishing heavy lift regiments, the Soviets have created a means of rapid, long-distance movement they believe will meet the demanding transportation requirements of future theater battlefields. While heavy tractor- trailers are by no means seen as replacing railroads (or any other movement mode), Soviet planners have added a degree of flexibility to their military transportation system that is truly of 'strategic' significance. As a consequence of their potential contribution to Soviet...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Keltner, Kenneth M, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
The principal objective of this paper is to explore both theoretical and practical aspects of possible Soviet recce-strike complexes. Note that despite the use of the term 'complex' by the Soviets, a recce-strike complex is not a permanent system, but a collection of various subsystems assembled and directed to accomplished a specific task. Subsystems of a particular recce- strike complex can belong at the same time to another recce-strike complex. Thus, the best way to describe the Soviet...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Vego, Milan, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY STUDIES...
Use of massive amounts of airpower and conventional surface-to-surface missiles in lieu of nuclear strikes will allow the Soviets to break into NATO's operational rear with force-tailored, highly mobile formations called 'operational maneuver groups' (OMG). The OMGs would be of division or army/corps size at army and front level respectively. They would conduct raiding actions once in NATO's rear area to disrupt C3 and logistical functions, capture key facilities such as airfields and destroy...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Holcomb, James F , Jr, ARMY COMBINED ARMS CENTER FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SOVIET ARMY...
