2
2.0
Jun 27, 2018
06/18
by
Matthieu J. Mercier; Louis Gostiaux; Karl Helfrich; Joël Sommeria; Samuel Viboud; Henri Didelle; Sasan Saidi; Thierry Dauxois; Thomas Peacock
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The complex double-ridge system in the Luzon Strait in the South China Sea (SCS) is one of the strongest sources of internal tides in the oceans, associated with which are some of the largest amplitude internal solitary waves on record. An issue of debate, however, has been the specific nature of their generation mechanism. To provide insight, we present the results of a large-scale laboratory experiment performed at the Coriolis platform. The experiment was carefully designed so that the...
Topics: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1504.04193
5
5.0
Jun 27, 2018
06/18
by
Samrat Rao; Jayaraman Srinivasan
texts
eye 5
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The Tropical Easterly Jet (TEJ) is a prominent atmospheric circulation feature observed during the Asian Summer Monsoon (ASM). The simulation of TEJ by the Community Atmosphere Model, version 3.1 (CAM-3.1) has been discussed in detail. Although the simulated TEJ replicates many observed features of the jet, the jet maximum is located too far to the west when compared to observation. Orography has minimal impact on the simulated TEJ hence indicating that latent heating is the crucial parameter....
Topics: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1505.00411
2
2.0
Jun 28, 2018
06/18
by
David Collins; Boualem Khouider
texts
eye 2
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We propose a mathematical methodology to derive a stochastic parameterization of bulk warm cloud micro-physics properties. Unlike previous bulk parameterizations, the stochastic parameterization does not assume any particular droplet size distribution, all parameters have physical meanings which are recoverable from data, and the resultant parameterization has the flexibility to utilize a variety of collision kernels. Our strategy is a new two-fold approach to modelling the kinetic collection...
Topics: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1512.08517
2
2.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
Michael Weniger; Florian Kapp; Petra Friederichs
texts
eye 2
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Due to the emergence of new high resolution numerical weather prediction (NWP) models and the availability of new or more reliable remote sensing data, the importance of efficient spatial verification techniques is growing. Wavelet transforms offer an effective framework to decompose spatial data into separate (and possibly orthogonal) scales and directions. Most wavelet based spatial verification techniques have been developed or refined in the last decade and concentrate on assessing forecast...
Topics: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1605.03395
15
15
Jun 28, 2018
06/18
by
Anatoly Erlykin; Arnold Wolfendale
texts
eye 15
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The attribution of part of global warming to changes in the total solar irradiance (TSI) is an important topic which is not, yet, fully understood. Here, we examine the TSI induced temperature (T) changes on a variety of time scales, from one day to centuries and beyond, using a variety of assumptions. Also considered is the latitude variation of the T-TSI correlations, where it appears that over most of the globe there is a small increase in the sensitivity of temperature to TSI in time. It is...
Topics: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1506.04916
2
2.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
P. J. Flatau; B. T. Draine
texts
eye 2
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Scattering by infinite hexagonal ice prisms is calculated using Maxwell's equations in the discrete dipole approximation for size parameters up to x=400. Birefringence is included in the calculations. Applicability of the geometric optics approximation is investigated. Excellent agreement between wave optics and geometric optics is observed for large size parameter in the outer part of the 22 degree halo feature. For smaller ice crystals halo broadening is predicted, and there is appreciable...
Topics: Physics, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1409.0161
2
2.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
S. V. Prants; V. I. Ponomarev; M. V. Budyansky; M. Yu. Uleysky; P. A. Fyman
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eye 2
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The output from an eddy-resolved multi-layered circulation model is used to analyze the vertical structure of simulated deep-sea eddies in the Japan Basin of the Japan/East Sea constrained by bottom topography. We focus on Lagrangian analysis of anticyclonic eddies, generated in the model in a typical year approximately at the place of the mooring and the hydrographic sections, where such eddies have been regularly observed in different years (1993--1997, 1999--2001). Using a quasi-3D...
Topics: Physics, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1410.2344
2
2.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
Markus Gross
texts
eye 2
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Seven data sources are analyzed and combined to form a surface wind speed climatology for the Gulf of California.
Topics: Physics, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1704.05922
2
2.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
Ravi Shekhar; William R. Boos
texts
eye 2
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The correlation between increased Sahel rainfall and reduced Saharan surface pressure is well established in observations and global climate models, and has been used to imply that increased Sahel rainfall is caused by a stronger shallow meridional circulation (SMC) over the Sahara. This study uses two atmospheric reanalyses to examine interannual variability of Sahel rainfall and the Saharan SMC, which consists of northward near-surface flow across the Sahel into the Sahara and southward flow...
Topics: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1609.08515
3
3.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
A. L. Virovlyansky
texts
eye 3
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A method is proposed for finding the wave field components which are weakly sensitive to the sound speed perturbation in the ocean acoustic waveguides. Such a component is formed by a narrow beam of rays whose spread in vertical direction, up to the observation range, remains less than the vertical scale of perturbation. These rays pass through practically the same inhomogeneities and therefore their phases acquire close increments. If the ray amplitudes vary insignificantly, then (i) the...
Topics: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1610.02568
12
12
Jun 26, 2018
06/18
by
Naftali Smith; Nir J. Shaviv; Henrik Svensmark
texts
eye 12
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We present analytical solutions to the steady state injection-condensation-coagulation equation of aerosols in the atmosphere. These solutions are appropriate under different limits but more general than previously derived analytical solutions. For example, we provide an analytic solution to the coagulation limit plus a condensation correction. Our solutions are then compared with numerical results. We show that the solutions can be used to estimate the sensitivity of the cloud condensation...
Topics: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1502.06399
3
3.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
Anna S. von der Heydt; Peter Köhler; Roderik S. W. van de Wal; Henk A. Dijkstra
texts
eye 3
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Palaeo data have been frequently used to determine the equilibrium (Charney) climate sensitivity $S^a$, and - if slow feedback processes (e.g. land ice-albedo) are adequately taken into account - they indicate a similar range as estimates based on instrumental data and climate model results. Most studies implicitly assume the (fast) feedback processes to be independent of the background climate state, e.g., equally strong during warm and cold periods. Here we assess the dependency of the fast...
Topics: Physics, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1403.5391
3
3.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
Gianni Pagnini; Luca Massidda
texts
eye 3
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Turbulence is of paramount importance in wildland fire propagation since it randomly transports the hot air mass that can pre-heat and then ignite the area ahead the fire. This contributes to give a random character to the firefront position together with other phenomena as for example fire spotting, vegetation distribution (patchiness), gaseous combustion fluctuation, small-scale terrain elevation changes. Here only turbulence is considered. The level-set method is used to numerically describe...
Topics: Physics, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1408.6129
2
2.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
Inderpreet Kaur; Andrea Mentrelli; Frédéric Bosseur; Jean-Baptiste Filippi; Gianni Pagnini
texts
eye 2
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This paper presents a mathematical approach to model the effects of phenomena with random nature such as turbulence and fire-spotting into the existing wildfire simulators. The formulation proposes that the propagation of the fire-front is the sum of a drifting component (obtained from an existing wildfire simulator without turbulence and fire-spotting) and a random fluctuating component. The modelling of the random effects is embodied in a probability density function accounting for the...
Topics: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1601.06272
2
2.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
Christopher C. Chapman
texts
eye 2
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The frontal structure of the Southern Ocean is investigated using a sophisticated frontal detection methodology, the Wavelet/Higher Order Statistics Enhancement (WHOSE) method, introduced in \cite{Chapman2014}. This methodology is applied to 21 years of daily gridded sea-surface height (SSH) data to obtain daily maps of the locations of the fronts. By forming `heat-maps' of the frontal occurrence frequency and then approximating these heat-maps by a superposition of simple functions, the...
Topics: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1609.09616
2
2.0
Jun 28, 2018
06/18
by
M. Yu. Trofimov; A. D. Zakharenko; S. B. Kozitskiy
texts
eye 2
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An adiabatic mode Helmholtz equation for 3D underwater sound propagation is developed. The Gaussian beam tracing in this case is constructed. The test calculations are carried out for the crosswedge benchmark and proved an excellent agreement with the source images method.
Topics: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1510.05329
2
2.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
Jai Sukhatme; V. Venugopal
texts
eye 2
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We begin by providing observational evidence that the probability of encountering very high and very low annual tropical rainfall has increased significantly in the recent decade (1998-present) as compared to the preceding warming era (1979-1997). These changes over land and ocean are spatially coherent and comprise of a rearrangement of very wet regions and a systematic expansion of dry zones. While the increased likelihood of extremes is consistent with a higher average temperature during the...
Topics: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1604.04050
2
2.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
E. Frajka-Williams; M. Lankhorst; J. Koelling; U. Send
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eye 2
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In situ boundary arrays have been installed in the North Atlantic to measure the large-scale ocean circulation. Here, we use measurements at the western edge of the North Atlantic at $16^\circ$N and $26^\circ$N to investigate low-frequency variations in deep densities and their associated influence on ocean transports. At both latitudes, deep waters (below 1100 dbar) at the western boundary are becoming fresher and less dense. The associated change in geopotential thickness is about $0.15$...
Topics: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1610.06708
2
2.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
Markus Gross
texts
eye 2
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Mesoscale forecasts are now routinely performed as elements of operational forecasts and their outputs do appear convincing. However, despite their realistic appearance at times the comparison to observations is less favorable. At the grid scale these forecasts often do not compare well with observations. This is partly due to the chaotic system underlying the weather. Another key problem is that it is impossible to evaluate the risk of making decisions based on these forecasts because they do...
Topics: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1610.07676
2
2.0
Jun 28, 2018
06/18
by
Christopher Moseley; Cathy Hohenegger; Peter Berg; Jan O. Haerter
texts
eye 2
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In a changing climate, a key role may be played by the response of convective-type cloud and precipitation to temperature changes. Yet, it is unclear if precipitation intensities will increase mainly due to modified thermodynamic forcing or due to stronger convective dynamics. In gradual self-organization, convective events produce highest intensities late in the day. Tracking rain cells throughout their life cycles, we find that interacting events respond strongly to changes in boundary...
Topics: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1510.03831
2
2.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
Eileen Hertwig; Frank Lunkeit; Klaus Fraedrich
texts
eye 2
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A set of idealized experiments are performed to analyze the competing effects of declining atmospheric CO2 concentrations, the opening of an ocean gateway, and varying orbital parameters. These forcing mechanisms, which influence the global mean climate state, may have played a role for triggering climate transitions of the past (for example during the Eocene-Oligocene climate transition and the build-up of the Antarctic Ice Sheet). Sensitivity simulations with a coupled atmosphere-ocean...
Topics: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1602.01259
2
2.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
Lilly Verso; Maarten van Reeuwijk; Roi Gurka; Peter J. Diamessis; Zachary J. Taylor; Alex Liberzon
texts
eye 2
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We present a laboratory experiment of the growth of a turbulent patch in a stably stratified fluid, due to a localized source of turbulence, generated by an oscillating grid. Synchronized and overlapping particle image velocimetry and planar laser induced fluorescence measurements have been conducted capturing the evolution of the patch through its initial growth until it reached a maximum size, followed by its collapse. The simultaneous measurements of density and velocity fields allow for a...
Topics: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1603.06516
2
2.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
Bernard Gottschalk
texts
eye 2
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Using parametric analysis (curve fitting) we find a persistent temperature bump, coincident with World War II (WW2), in eight independent time series, four land- and four ocean-based. We fit the data with a Gaussian on a quadratic background. Six parameters (constant, linear and quadratic background terms and the amplitude, position and width of the Gaussian) are free to vary. The mean fitted Gaussian amplitude is 0.339$\pm$ 0.065$\,^\circ$C, non-zero by 5.2$\sigma$ and therefore not...
Topics: Physics, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1703.09281
2
2.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
Subhasis Banerjee; Sanjay K. Ghosh
texts
eye 2
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Aerosol optical characteristics AOD and \AA ngstr\"om exponent is often used to asses environmental aerosol loading. AOD or Aerosol Optical Depth is an indirect measure of atmospheric aerosol loading by means of total extinction of incoming solar radiation due to scattering and absorption whereas \AA ngstr\"om exponent($\alpha)$ is used to get qualitative understanding of aerosol particle size. Analysis of long term time series AOD data reveals how AOD vis-\`a-vis aerosol on a...
Topics: Physics, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1403.7367
3
3.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
F. Spineanu; M. Vlad; D. Palade
texts
eye 3
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Large scale organization in ensembles of events of atmospheric convection can be generated by the combined effect of forcing and of the interaction between the raising plumes and the environment. Here the "large scale" refers to the space extension that is larger or comparable with the basic resolved cell of a numerical weather prediction system. Under the action of external forcing like heating individual events of convection respond to the slow accumulation of vapor by a...
Topics: Physics, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1404.4538
2
2.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
Eleanor Frajka-Williams; Eric Kunze; Jennifer A. MacKinnon
texts
eye 2
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Bispectral analysis of the nonlinear resonant interaction known as parametric subharmonic instability (PSI) for a coherence semidiurnal internal tide demonstrates the ability of the bispectrum to identify and quantify the transfer rate. Assuming that the interaction is confined to a vertical plane, energy equations transform in such a way that nonlinear terms become the third-moment spectral quantity known as the bispectrum. Bispectral transfer rates computed on PSI in an idealized,...
Topics: Physics, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1410.0926
2
2.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
S. V. Prants; A. G. Andreev; M. Yu. Uleysky; M. V. Budyansky
texts
eye 2
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Using Lagrangian methods we analyze a 20-year-long estimate of water flux through the Kamchatka Strait in the northern North Pacific based on AVISO velocity field. It sheds new light on the flux pattern and its variability on annual and monthly time scales. Strong seasonality in surface outflow through the strait could be explained by temporal changes in the wind stress over the northern and western Bering Sea slopes. Interannual changes in a surface outflow through the Kamchatka Strait...
Topics: Physics, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1410.2361
3
3.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
Michael Wilkinson
texts
eye 3
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This is a reply to a Comment on 'A test-tube model for rainfall', {\it Europhys. Lett.}, {\bf 106}, 40001, (2014).
Topics: Physics, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1410.6891
9
9.0
Jun 27, 2018
06/18
by
Alberto Carrassi; Stéphane Vannitsem
texts
eye 9
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This chapter describes a novel approach for the treatment of model error in geophysical data assimilation. In this method, model error is treated as a deterministic process fully correlated in time. This allows for the derivation of the evolution equations for the relevant moments of the model error statistics required in data assimilation procedures, along with an approximation suitable for application to large numerical models typical of environmental science. In this contribution we first...
Topics: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1503.00842
3
3.0
Jun 28, 2018
06/18
by
F. Spineanu; M. Vlad
texts
eye 3
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This work is intended to be a contribution to the study of the morphology of the rising convective columns, for a better representation of the processes of entrainment and detrainment. We examine technical methods for the description of the interface of expanding clouds and reveal the role of \emph{fingering} instability which increases the effective length of the periphery of the cloud. Assuming Laplacian growth we give a detailed derivation of the time-dependent conformal transformation that...
Topics: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1508.04240
3
3.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
Øyvind Breivik
texts
eye 3
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The transport and shear under a Phillips-type spectrum are presented. A combined profile for monochromatic swell and a Phillips-type wind sea spectrum which can be used to investigate the shear under crossing seas is then presented.
Topics: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1603.06532
4
4.0
Jun 27, 2018
06/18
by
Sally Dacie
texts
eye 4
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Some initial investigations into various atmospheric phenomena and the influence of the solar cycle on weather have been made. Strongly negative North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) indices, which cause cold and dry winter weather in North West Europe, rarely occur during periods of high solar activity. Coupling between the troposphere and stratosphere is discussed, particularly in the context of Polar-night jet oscillation events (defined by Hitchcock et al., 2013) and the Quasi-Biennial...
Topics: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1505.05285
2
2.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
Øyvind Breivik; Jean-Raymond Bidlot; Peter A. E. M. Janssen
texts
eye 2
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A new approximation to the Stokes drift velocity profile based on the exact solution for the Phillips spectrum is explored. The profile is compared with the monochromatic profile and the recently proposed exponential integral profile. ERA-Interim spectra and spectra from a wave buoy in the central North Sea are used to investigate the behaviour of the profile. It is found that the new profile has a much stronger gradient near the surface and lower normalized deviation from the profile computed...
Topics: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1601.08092
18
18
Jun 27, 2018
06/18
by
Øyvind Breivik; Kristian Mogensen; Jean-Raymond Bidlot; Magdalena Alonso Balmaseda; Peter A. E. M. Janssen
texts
eye 18
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The NEMO general circulation ocean model is extended to incorporate three physical processes related to ocean surface waves, namely the surface stress (modified by growth and dissipation of the oceanic wave field), the turbulent kinetic energy flux from breaking waves, and the Stokes-Coriolis force. Experiments are done with NEMO in ocean-only (forced) mode and coupled to the ECMWF atmospheric and wave models. Ocean-only integrations are forced with fields from the ERA-Interim reanalysis. All...
Topics: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1503.07677
4
4.0
Jun 28, 2018
06/18
by
Srikanth Toppaladoddi; J. S. Wettlaufer
texts
eye 4
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We use concepts from statistical physics to transform the original evolution equation for the sea ice thickness distribution $g(h)$ due to Thorndike et al., (1975) into a Fokker-Planck like conservation law. The steady solution is $g(h) = {\cal N}(q) h^q \mathrm{e}^{-~ h/H}$, where $q$ and $H$ are expressible in terms of moments over the transition probabilities between thickness categories. The solution exhibits the functional form used in observational fits and shows that for $h \ll 1$,...
Topics: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1507.05198
3
3.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
Robert E. Kopp; Robert M. DeConto; Daniel A. Bader; Carling C. Hay; Radley M. Horton; Scott Kulp; Michael Oppenheimer; David Pollard; Benjamin H. Strauss
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eye 3
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Probabilistic sea-level projections have not yet integrated insights from physical ice-sheet models representing mechanisms, such as ice-shelf hydrofracturing and ice-cliff collapse, that can rapidly increase ice-sheet discharge. Here, we link a probabilistic framework for sea-level projections to a small ensemble of Antarctic ice-sheet (AIS) simulations incorporating these physical processes to explore their influence on projections of global-mean sea-level (GMSL) and relative sea-level (RSL)...
Topics: Physics, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1704.05597
3
3.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
M. M. P. van Hulten; R. Middag; J. -C. Dutay; H. J. W. de Baar; M. Roy-Barman; M. Gehlen; A. Tagliabue; A. Sterl
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eye 3
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Dissolved manganese (Mn) is a biologically essential element, and its oxidised form is involved in the removal of trace elements from ocean waters. Recently, a large number of highly accurate Mn measurements have been obtained in the Atlantic, Indian and Arctic Oceans as part of the GEOTRACES programme. The goal of this study is to combine these new observations with state-of-the-art modelling to give new insights into the main sources and redistribution of Mn throughout the ocean. To this end,...
Topics: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1606.07128
2
2.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
Laura Fierce; Robert L. McGraw
texts
eye 2
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Sparse representations of atmospheric aerosols are needed for efficient regional- and global-scale chemical transport models. Here we introduce a new framework for representing aerosol distributions, based on the quadrature method of moments. Given a set of moment constraints, we show how linear programming, combined with an entropy-inspired cost function, can be used to construct optimized quadrature representations of aerosol distributions. The sparse representations derived from this...
Topics: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1612.06422
2
2.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
Ehud Strobach; Golan Bel
texts
eye 2
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Meaningful climate predictions must be accompanied by their corresponding range of uncertainty. Quantifying the uncertainties is non-trivial, and different methods have been suggested and used in the past. Here, we propose a method that does not rely on any assumptions regarding the distribution of the ensemble member predictions. The method is tested using the CMIP5 1981-2010 decadal predictions and is shown to perform better than two other methods considered here. The improved estimate of the...
Topics: Physics, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1701.05988
2
2.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
Till J. W. Wagner; Alon A. Stern; Rebecca W. Dell; Ian Eisenman
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Although iceberg models have been used for decades, they have received far more widespread attention in recent years, in part due to efforts to explicitly represent icebergs in climate models. This calls for increased scrutiny of all aspects of typical iceberg models. An important component of iceberg models is the representation of iceberg capsizing, or rolling. Rolling occurs spontaneously when the ratio of iceberg width to height falls below a critical threshold. Here we examine previously...
Topics: Physics, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1702.06870
4
4.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
Anna S. von der Heydt; Peter Ashwin
texts
eye 4
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Equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS) is a key predictor of climate change. However, it is not very well constrained, either by climate models or by observational data. The reasons for this include strong internal variability and forcing on many time scales. In practise this means that the 'equilibrium' will only be relative to fixing the slow feedback processes before comparing palaeoclimate sensitivity estimates with estimates from model simulations. In addition, information from the late...
Topics: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1604.03311
3
3.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
S. E. Zedler; C. S. Jackson; F. Yao; P. Heimbach; A. Kohl; R. B. Scott; I Hoteit
texts
eye 3
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In model comparisons with observational data, not all data contain information that is useful for answering a specific science question. If non-relevant or highly uncertain data are included in a comparison metric, they can reduce the significance of other observations that matter for the scientific process of interest. Sources of noise and correlations among summed quantities within a comparison metric affect the significance of a signal that is useful for testing model skill. In the setting...
Topics: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1604.05802
2
2.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
Eugenio Jimenez; Gara Quintana; Pablo Mena; Pablo Dorta; Ivan Perez-Alvarez; Santiago Zazo; Marina Perez; Eduardo Quevedo
texts
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The authors present full wave simulations and experimental results of propagation of electromagnetic waves in shallow seawaters. Transmitter and receiver antennas are ten-turns loops placed on the seabed. Some propagation frameworks are presented and simulated. Finally, simulation results are compared with experimental ones.
Topics: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1604.03694
4
4.0
Jun 29, 2018
06/18
by
Srikanth Toppaladoddi; John S. Wettlaufer
texts
eye 4
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We study the seasonal changes in the thickness distribution of Arctic sea ice, $g(h)$, under climate forcing. Our analytical and numerical approach is based on a Fokker-Planck equation for $g(h)$ (Toppaladoddi \& Wettlaufer \emph{Phys. Rev. Lett.} {\bf 115}, 148501, 2015), in which the thermodynamic growth rates are determined using observed climatology. In particular, the Fokker-Planck equation is coupled to the observationally consistent thermodynamic model of Eisenman \& Wettlaufer...
Topics: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1611.01045
3
3.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
Zhangping Wei; Huabin Shi; Cheng Li; Joseph Katz; Robert A. Dalrymple; Giuseppe Bilotta
texts
eye 3
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A two-phase Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) model has been developed on the basis of GPUSPH, which is an open-source implementation of the weakly compressible SPH method on graphics processing units, to investigate oil dispersion under breaking waves. By assuming that the multiple phases are immiscible, the two-phase model solves the same set of governing equations for both phases. Density in each phase is preserved by renormalization, and the harmonic mean of viscosities is used in the...
Topics: Physics, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1702.07760
3
3.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
Clifford Chafin
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We examine two means by which wind can impart energy to waves: sheltering and deposition of material upwards from windward surface shear. The shear driven deposition is shown to be the more efficient process. Lengthening of waves to match the wind speed is shown to be very inefficient and consume a large fraction of the energy imparted by the wind. The surface shear provides a low energy sink that absorbs most of the momentum from the wind. These produce bounds on the efficiency of wave growth....
Topics: Physics, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1408.6482
5
5.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
Donald B. Percival; Donald W. Denbo; Marie C. Eble; Edison Gica; Paul Y. Huang; Harold O. Mofjeld; Michael C. Spillane; Vasily V. Titov; Elena I. Tolkova
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U.S. Tsunami Warning Centers use real-time bottom pressure (BP) data transmitted from a network of buoys deployed in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans to tune source coefficients of tsunami forecast models. For accurate coefficients and therefore forecasts, tides at the buoys must be accounted for. In this study, five methods for coefficient estimation are compared, each of which accounts for tides differently. The first three subtract off a tidal prediction based on (1) a localized harmonic...
Topics: Physics, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1403.0528
3
3.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
Fabien Montiel; Vernon Squire; Luke Bennetts
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A new ocean wave/sea-ice interaction model is proposed that simulates how a directional wave spectrum evolves as it travels through an arbitrary finite array of circular ice floes, where wave/ice dynamics are entirely governed by wave scattering effects. The model is applied to characterise the wave reflection and transmission properties of a strip of ice floes, such as an ice edge band. A method is devised to extract the reflected and transmitted directional wave spectra produced by the array....
Topics: Physics, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1403.3492
2
2.0
Jun 30, 2018
06/18
by
S. B. Kozitskiy
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The paper deals with electromagnetic effects associated with a radially symmetric system of progressive surface waves in the deep sea, induced by underwater oscillating sources or by dispersive decay of the initial localized perturbations of the sea surface.
Topics: Physics, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1407.3517
10
10.0
Jun 26, 2018
06/18
by
Francesco Fedele
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We propose a new conceptual framework for the prediction of rogue waves and third-order space-time extremes of wind seas that relies on the Tayfun (1980) and Janssen (2009) models coupled with Adler-Taylor (2009) theory on the Euler characteristics of random fields. Extreme statistics of the Andrea rogue wave event are examined capitalizing on European Reanalysis (ERA)-interim data. A refinement of Janssen's (2003) theory suggests that in realistic oceanic seas characterized by short-crested...
Topics: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics
Source: http://arxiv.org/abs/1501.03370
