Mendeley Climate Change Library
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25
Jul 6, 2019
07/19
Jul 6, 2019
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Zhenyu Hong; Han Zhang; Yanru Zhang; Lingling Xu; Taotao Liu; Hang Xiao; Youwei Hong; Jinsheng Chen; Mengren Li; Junjun Deng; Xin Wu; Xiaoqiu Chen
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Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) plays an important role in global climate change and air quality. PM 2.5 (particles with aerodynamic diameters ≤2.5 μm) samples were collected at a mountainous forest site (Mt. Wuyi) in southeastern China between November 2015 and July 2016. Fourteen PM 2.5 -bound SOA tracers, including isoprene, α/β‑pinene, β‑caryophyllene, and toluene, were measured using the gas-chromatography–mass-spectrometry method. The total concentrations of the isoprene,...
Topics: Biomass burning, Mountainous forest area, PM 2.5, Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) tracers,...
Mendeley Climate Change Library
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19
Jul 6, 2019
07/19
Jul 6, 2019
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Caiqing Yan; Amy P. Sullivan; Yuan Cheng; Mei Zheng; Yuanhang Zhang; Tong Zhu; Jeffrey L. Collett
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Although biogenic aerosols play important roles in atmospheric processes and climate change, their contributions to atmospheric particulate matter mass have not received much attention, partly due to the difficulty in identifying key aerosol components and due to the often dominant role of anthropogenic emissions. In order to estimate contributions of biogenic and biomass burning organic aerosols to atmospheric particles, fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) samples were collected simultaneously...
Topics: Biogenic, Biomass burning, North China plain, Rural/urban, Saccharide, Secondary organic aerosol
Mendeley Climate Change Library
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28
Jul 6, 2019
07/19
Jul 6, 2019
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Rui Liu; Tao Feng; Shanshan Wang; Chanzhen Shi; Yanlin Guo; Jialiang Nan; Yun Deng; Bin Zhou
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Formaldehyde (HCHO) provides a proxy to reveal the isoprene and biogenic volatile organic compounds emission which plays important roles in atmospheric chemical process and climate change. The ground-based observation with zenith-sky DOAS is carried out in order to validate the HCHO columns from OMI. It has a good correlation of 0.71678 between the HCHO columns from two sources. Then we use the OMI HCHO columns from January 2006 to December 2015 to indicate the interannual variation and spatial...
Topics: Biomass burning, DOAS, Land use and land cover, OMI HCHO, Population
Mendeley Climate Change Library
20
20
Jul 6, 2019
07/19
Jul 6, 2019
by
Adriana Gioda; Adriana Gioda; Adriana Gioda; Adriana Gioda; Adriana Gioda; Adriana Gioda; Adriana Gioda; Adriana Gioda; Adriana Gioda; Adriana Gioda; Adriana Gioda; Adriana Gioda; Adriana Gioda; Adriana Gioda; Adriana Gioda
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For a long time, firewood was the only source of energy available for cooking, heating, and protection. Currently, new forms of energy, such as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and electricity, have replaced the use of firewood. However, this fuel is still part of the energy matrix of many countries, including Brazil. Its use in cooking activities generates particles and gases that can have an impact on global warming and health. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of firewood...
Topics: Biomass burning, Consumption per capita, Firewood, Greenhouse gas emissions, Solid fuels, Wood fuel
Mendeley Climate Change Library
23
23
Jul 5, 2019
07/19
Jul 5, 2019
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Casey D. Bray; William Battye; Viney P. Aneja; Daniel Q. Tong; Pius Lee; Youhua Tang
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This study quantifies ammonia (NH 3 ) emissions from biomass burning from 2005 to 2015 across the continental US (CONUS) and compares emissions from biomass burning with the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) National Emissions Inventory (NEI), the Fire Inventory from the National Center for Atmospheric Research (FINN) and the Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED). A statistical regression model was developed in order to predict NH 3 emissions from biomass burning using a combination of...
Topics: Ammonia, Biomass burning, Fire emissions, National emissions inventory, Wildfires
Mendeley Climate Change Library
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31
Jul 5, 2019
07/19
Jul 5, 2019
by
A. C. Kalogridis; O. B. Popovicheva; G. Engling; E. Diapouli; K. Kawamura; E. Tachibana; K. Ono; V. S. Kozlov; K. Eleftheriadis
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Vegetation open fires constitute a significant source of particulate pollutants on a global scale and play an important role in both atmospheric chemistry and climate change. To better understand the emission and aging characteristics of smoke aerosols, we performed small-scale fire experiments using the Large Aerosol Chamber (LAC, 1800 m3) with a focus on biomass burning from Siberian boreal coniferous forests. A series of burn experiments were conducted with typical Siberian biomass (pine and...
Topics: Aerosol emission factors, Aging in dark conditions, Biomass burning, Chamber experiments,...
Mendeley Climate Change Library
31
31
Jul 5, 2019
07/19
Jul 5, 2019
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Qiyuan Wang; Junji Cao; Yongming Han; Jie Tian; Yue Zhang; Siwatt Pongpiachan; Li Li; Xinyi Niu; Zhenxing Shen; Zhuzi Zhao; Danai Tipmanee; Suratta Bunsomboonsakul; Yang Chen; Jian Sun
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A lack of information on the radiative effects of refractory black carbon (rBC) emitted from biomass burning is a significant gap in our understanding of climate change. A custom-made combustion chamber was used to simulate the open burning of crop residues and investigate the impacts of rBC size and mixing state on the particles' optical properties. Average rBC mass median diameters ranged from 141 to 162 nm for the rBC produced from different types of crop residues. The number fraction of...
Topics: Biomass burning, Black carbon, Light absorption, Mixing state, Size distribution
Mendeley Climate Change Library
21
21
Jul 5, 2019
07/19
Jul 5, 2019
by
Aditya Kumar; Shiliang Wu; Yaoxian Huang; Hong Liao; Jed O. Kaplan
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We estimate the global Hg wildfire emissions for the 2000s and the potential impacts from the 2000–2050 changes in climate, land use and land cover and Hg anthropogenic emissions by combining statistical analysis with global data on vegetation type and coverage as well as fire activities. Global Hg wildfire emissions are estimated to be 612 Mg year −1 . Africa is the dominant source region (43.8% of global emissions), followed by Eurasia (31%) and South America (16.6%). We find significant...
Topics: Biomass burning, Climate change, Land cover, Land use, Modeling
No abstract available
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AEROSOLS, EXTINCTION, CHARACTERIZATION, OPTICAL THICKNESS,...
Previous studies of emission factors from biomass burning are prone to large errors since they ignore the interplay of mixing and varying pre-fire background CO2 levels. Such complications severely affected our studies of 446 forest fire plume samples measured in the Western US by the science teams of NASA's SEAC4RS and ARCTAS airborne missions. Consequently we propose a Mixed Effects Regression Emission Technique (MERET) to check techniques like the Normalized Emission Ratio Method (NERM),...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), FOREST FIRES, BIOMASS BURNING, PLUMES, CARBON DIOXIDE,...
Biomass burning contributes about 40% of the global loading of carbonaceous aerosols, significantly affecting air quality and the climate system by modulating solar radiation and cloud properties. However, fire emissions are poorly constrained in models on global and regional levels. In this study, we investigate 3 global biomass burning emission datasets in NASA GEOS5, namely: (1) GFEDv3.1 (Global Fire Emissions Database version 3.1); (2) QFEDv2.4 (Quick Fire Emissions Dataset version 2.4);...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), BIOMASS BURNING, AEROSOLS, SATELLITE OBSERVATION, DATA BASES,...
High altitude smoke-plumes from large, explosive fires were discovered in the late 1990sThey can now be observed with unprecedented detail from space-borne instruments with high vertical resolution in the UTLS such as CALIOP, MLS and ACE. These events inject large quantities of pollutants into a relatively clean and dry environment They serve as unique natural experiments with which to understand, using chemical transport and composition-climate models, the chemical and radiative impacts of...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), HIGH ALTITUDE, FIRES, SATELLITE-BORNE INSTRUMENTS, HIGH...
About one-half of the global CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion and deforestation accumulates in the atmosphere, where it contributes to global warming. The rest is taken up by vegetation and the ocean. The precise contribution of the two sinks, and their location and year-to-year variability are, however, not well understood. We use two different approaches, batch Bayesian synthesis inversion and variational data assimilation, to deduce the global spatiotemporal distributions of CO2...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION, CARBON DIOXIDE, DEFORESTATION,...
This talk presents some of the detailed observations of low-level stratocumulus over northern Vietnam during 7-SEASBASELInE 2013 by SMARTLabs' ACHIEVE W-band cloud radar and other remote sensing instruments. These observations are the first of their kind for this region and will aid in ongoing studies of biomass-burning aerosol impacts on local and regional weather and climate. Preliminary results from simulations using the Goddard Cumulus Ensemble (GCE) with recently implemented triple-moment...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), VIETNAM, REMOTE SENSING, AEROSOLS, OPTICAL THICKNESS, CLOUD...
The chemical link between isoprene and formaldehyde (HCHO) is a strong, non-linear function of NOx (= 27 NO + NO2). This relationship is a linchpin for top-down isoprene emission inventory verification from orbital HCHO column observations. It is also a benchmark for overall mechanism performance with regard to VOC oxidation. Using a comprehensive suite of airborne in situ observations over the Southeast U.S., we quantify HCHO production across the urban-rural spectrum. Analysis of isoprene and...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), FORMALDEHYDE, METHYL COMPOUNDS, BUTADIENE, OXIDATION,...
This document describes the gridded output files produced by the Goddard Earth Observing System version 5 (GEOS-5) Goddard Aerosol Assimilation System (GAAS) from July 2002 through December 2014. The MERRA Aerosol Reanalysis (MERRAero) is produced with the hydrostatic version of the GEOS-5 Atmospheric Global Climate Model (AGCM). In addition to standard meteorological parameters (wind, temperature, moisture, surface pressure), this simulation includes 15 aerosol tracers (dust, sea-salt,...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AEROSOLS, MODIS (RADIOMETRY), METEOROLOGICAL PARAMETERS,...
Aerosol Single scattering albedo and Height Estimation (ASHE) algorithm was first introduced in Jeong and Hsu (2008) to provide aerosol layer height as well as single scattering albedo (SSA) for biomass burning smoke aerosols. One of the advantages of this algorithm was that the aerosol layer height can be retrieved over broad areas, which had not been available from lidar observations only. The algorithm utilized aerosol properties from three different satellite sensors, i.e., aerosol optical...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), SCATTERING, ALBEDO, AEROSOLS, ALGORITHMS, SATELLITE...
Accurate estimates of the emissions and distribution of black carbon (BC) in the region referred to here as Southeastern Asia (70degE-l50degE, 11degS-55degN) are critical to studies of the atmospheric environment and climate change. Analysis of modeled BC concentrations compared to in situ observations indicates levels are underestimated over most of Southeast Asia when using any of four different emission inventories. We thus attempt to reduce uncertainties in BC emissions and improve BC model...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AEROSOLS, CLIMATE CHANGE, BIOMASS BURNING, IN SITU...
Southern Africa produces almost a third of the Earth's biomass burning (BB) aerosol particles, yet the fate of these particles and their influence on regional and global climate is poorly understood. Particles lofted into the mid-troposphere are transported westward over the South-East (SE) Atlantic, home to one of the three permanent subtropical Stratocumulus (Sc) cloud decks in the world. The stratocumulus "climate radiators" are critical to the regional and global climate system....
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AEROSOLS, CLOUD PHYSICS, STRATOCUMULUS CLOUDS, BIOMASS...
Airmass type characterization is key in understanding the relative contribution of various emission sources to atmospheric composition and air quality and can be useful in bottom-up model validation and emission inventories. However, classification of pollution plumes from space is often not trivial. Sub-orbital campaigns, such as SEAC4RS (Studies of Emissions, Atmospheric Composition, Clouds and Climate Coupling by Regional Surveys) give us a unique opportunity to study atmospheric composition...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AIR POLLUTION, AIR MASSES, FOREST FIRES, BIOMASS BURNING,...
We summarize recent progress (a) in correcting biomass burning emissions factors deduced from airborne sampling of forest fire plumes, (b) in understanding the variability in reactivity of the fresh plumes sampled in ARCTAS (2008), DC3 (2012), and SEAC4RS (2013) airborne missions, and (c) in a consequent search for remotely sensed quantities that help classify forest-fire plumes. Particle properties, chemical speciation, and smoke radiative properties are related and mutually informative, as...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), REMOTE SENSING, FOREST FIRES, BIOMASS BURNING, OZONE, CARBON,...
This is the first comprehensive assessment of the aerosol optical depth (AOD) product retrieved from the near-UV observations by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) onboard the Aura satellite. The OMI-retrieved AOD by the ultraviolet (UV) aerosol algorithm (OMAERUV version 1.4.2) was evaluated using collocated Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) level 2.0 direct Sun AOD measurements over 8 years (2005-2012). A time series analysis of collocated satellite and ground-based AOD observations over 8...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), OZONOMETRY, AEROSOLS, OPTICAL THICKNESS, DESERTS, DUST,...
Aerosols that serve as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and ice nuclei (IN) have the potential to profoundly influence precipitation processes. Furthermore, changes in orographic precipitation have broad implications for reservoir storage and flood risks. As part of the CalWater I field campaign (2009-2011), the impacts of aerosol sources on precipitation were investigated in the California Sierra Nevada. In 2009, the precipitation collected on the ground was influenced by both local biomass...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ANNUAL VARIATIONS, AEROSOLS, OROGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT EFFECTS,...
An ensemble approach is used to examine the sensitivity of smoke loading and smoke direct radiative effect in the atmosphere to uncertainties in smoke emission estimates. Seven different fire emission inventories are applied independently to WRF-Chem model (v3.5) with the same model configuration (excluding dust and other emission sources) over the northern sub-Saharan African (NSSA) biomass-burning region. Results for November and February 2010 are analyzed, respectively representing the start...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), MESOSCALE PHENOMENA, SMOKE, BIOMASS BURNING, FIRES,...
No abstract available
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AEROSOLS, MESOSCALE PHENOMENA, ATMOSPHERIC GENERAL...
Absorbing aerosols produced from biomass burning and dust outbreaks are often found to overlay lower level cloud decks and pose greater potentials of exerting positive radiative effects (warming) whose magnitude directly depends on the aerosol loading above cloud, optical properties of clouds and aerosols, and cloud fraction. Recent development of a 'color ratio' (CR) algorithm applied to observations made by the Aura/OMI and Aqua/MODIS constitutes a major breakthrough and has provided...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AEROSOLS, OPTICAL THICKNESS, SATELLITE OBSERVATION, SATELLITE...
Measurements of tropospheric ozone from combined Aura OMI and MLS instruments have yielded a large number of new and important science discoveries over the last decade. These discoveries have generated a much greater understanding of biomass burning, lightning NO, and stratosphere-troposphere exchange sources of tropospheric ozone, ENSO dynamics and photochemistry, intra-seasonal variability-Madden-Julian Oscillation including convective transport, radiative forcing, measuring ozone pollution...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), TROPOSPHERE, OZONE, AURA SPACECRAFT, MADDEN-JULIAN...
Fire emissions associated with tropical land use change and maintenance influence atmospheric composition, air quality, and climate. In this study, we explore the effects of representing fire emissions at daily versus monthly resolution in a global composition-climate model. We find that simulations of aerosols are impacted more by the temporal resolution of fire emissions than trace gases such as carbon monoxide or ozone. Daily-resolved datasets concentrate emissions from fire events over...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), TEMPORAL RESOLUTION, ATMOSPHERIC HEATING, CLIMATE MODELS,...
Emissions and long-range transport of air pollution pose major concerns on air quality and climate change. To better assess the impact of intercontinental transport of air pollution on regional and global air quality, ecosystems, and near-term climate change, the UN Task Force on Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollution (HTAP) is organizing a phase II activity (HTAP2) that includes global and regional model experiments and data analysis, focusing on ozone and aerosols. This study presents the...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AEROSOLS, AIR POLLUTION, OZONE, NORTHERN HEMISPHERE, AIR...
We compare the aerosol single-scattering albedo (SSA) retrieved by the near-UV two-channel algorithm (OMAERUV) applied to the Aura-Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) measurements with an equivalent inversion made by the ground-based Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET). This work is the first comprehensive effort to globally compare the OMI-retrieved SSA with that of AERONET using all available sites spanning the regions of biomass burning, dust, and urban pollution. An analysis of the co-located...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AEROSOLS, ALBEDO, ELECTROMAGNETIC ABSORPTION, NEAR...
We investigated the anthropogenic and volcanic contributions to sulfate aerosol in the stratosphere through modeling and analysis of satellite data. We use a global model GOCART to simulate SO2 and sulfate aerosol in the period of 2000 to 2010, during which numerous volcanic eruptions occurred although nothing like the magnitudes of El Chichon or Pinatubo. We compared the model results with the column SO2 data from OMI and stratospheric SO2 data from MLS instrument on Aura satellite and the...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), MAN ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS, VOLCANOES, PERIODIC VARIATIONS,...
The unique advantage of OMI observations for the characterization of aerosol properties is the availability of radiance measurement at near UV wavelengths. In spite of its coarse spatial resolution, OMI's near UV observations make possible the characterization of aerosol absorption properties. This capability is unavailable in any of the currently operational high spatial resolution aerosol sensors. A unique decadal record of aerosol absorption optical depth and single scattering albedo from...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AEROSOLS, REMOTE SENSING, EARTH OBSERVATIONS (FROM SPACE),...
The following oralvisual presentation focused on an overview of GEOS-5 activities in relation to Aerosol forecasting and
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ATMOSPHERIC GENERAL CIRCULATION MODELS, AEROSOLS,...
NASA's Global Modeling and Assimilation Office has extended the Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Application (MERRA) tool with five atmospheric aerosol species (sulfates, organic carbon, black carbon, mineral dust and sea salt). This inclusion of aerosol reanalysis data is now known as MERRAero. This study analyses a ten-year period (July 2002 - June 2012) MERRAero aerosol reanalysis applied to the study of aerosol optical depth (AOD) and its trends for the aforementioned...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION, AEROSOLS, AIR QUALITY, SULFATES,...
The Fire Energetics and Emissions Research (FEER) group's new coefficient of emission global gridded product at 1x1 resolution that directly relates fire readiative energy (FRE) to smoke aerosol release, FEERv1.0 Ce, made its public debut in August 2013. Since then, steps have been taken to generate corresponding maps and totals of total particulate matter (PM) emissions using different sources of FRE, and subsequently to simulate the resulting PM(sub 2.5) in the WRF-Chem 3.5 model using...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), FIRES, BIOMASS BURNING, AEROSOLS, ALGORITHMS, PARTICULATES,...
Moderate Resolution Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MODIS) and Multi-angle Imaging Spectroradiomater (MISR) provide regular aerosol observations with global coverage. It is essential to examine the coherency between space- and ground-measured aerosol parameters in representing aerosol spatial and temporal variability, especially in the climate forcing and model validation context. In this paper, we introduce Maximum Covariance Analysis (MCA), also known as Singular Value Decomposition analysis as an...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), MODIS (RADIOMETRY), MISR (RADIOMETRY), SPECTRUM ANALYSIS,...
We conduct several sets of simulations with a version of NASA's Goddard Earth Observing System, version 5, (GEOS-5) Atmospheric Global Climate Model (AGCM) equipped with a two-moment cloud microphysical scheme to understand the role of biomass burning aerosol (BBA) emissions in Southeast Asia (SEA) in the pre-monsoon period of February-May. Our experiments are designed so that both direct and indirect aerosol effects can be evaluated. For climatologically prescribed monthly sea surface...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AEROSOLS, RAIN, BIOMASS BURNING, ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION,...
Fire emissions estimates have long been based on bottom-up approaches that are not only complex, but also fraught with compounding uncertainties. We present the development of a global gridded (1 deg ×1 deg) emission coefficients (Ce) product for smoke total particulate matter (TPM) based on a top-down approach using coincident measurements of fire radiative power (FRP) and aerosol optical thickness (AOT) from the Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensors aboard the Terra...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), MODIS (RADIOMETRY), SMOKE, RADIATION MEASUREMENT, AIR...
The AeroCom BB (Biomass Burning) Experiment AOD (Aerosol Optical Depth) motivation: We have a substantial set of satellite wildfire plume AOD snapshots and injection heights to help calibrate model/inventory performance; We are 1) adding more fire source-strength cases 2) using MISR to improve the AOD constrains and 3) adding 2008 global injection heights; We selected GFED3-daily due to good overall source strength performance, but any inventory can be tested; Joint effort to test multiple,...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AEROSOLS, SMOKE, PLUMES, IMAGING SPECTROMETERS, MODIS...
As a representative site of the southern African biomass-burning region, sun-sky data from the 15 year Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) deployment at Mongu, Zambia, was analyzed. For the biomass-burning season months (July-November), we investigate seasonal trends in aerosol single scattering albedo (SSA), aerosol size distributions, and refractive indices from almucantar sky scan retrievals. The monthly mean single scattering albedo at 440 nm in Mongu was found to increase significantly from...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AEROSOLS, BIOMASS BURNING, ALBEDO, OPTICAL THICKNESS,...
We use the NASA GEOS-5 transport model with tagged tracers to investigate the contributions of different regional sources of CO and black carbon (BC) to their concentrations in the Western Arctic (i.e., 50-90 deg N and 190- 320 deg E) in spring and summer 2008. The model is evaluated by comparing the results with airborne measurements of CO and BC from the NASA Arctic Research of the Composition of the Troposphere from Aircraft and Satellites (ARCTAS) field campaigns to demonstrate the...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AEROSOLS, ARCTIC REGIONS, CARBON, BIOMASS BURNING, FOSSIL...
Trans-boundary biomass burning smoke episodes have increased dramatically during the past 20-30 years and have become an annual phenomenon in the South-East-Asia region. On 15th October 2010, elevated levels of fire activity were detected by remote sensing satellites (e.g. MODIS). On the same date, measurements of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) at Singapore and Malaysia found high levels of fine mode particles in the local environment. All these observations were indicative of the initial...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AEROSOLS, SINGAPORE, REMOTE SENSING, BIOMASS BURNING, HAZE,...
Black carbon aerosol plays a unique and important role in Earth's climate system. Black carbon is a type of carbonaceous material with a unique combination of physical properties. This assessment provides an evaluation of black-carbon climate forcing that is comprehensive in its inclusion of all known and relevant processes and that is quantitative in providing best estimates and uncertainties of the main forcing terms: direct solar absorption; influence on liquid, mixed phase, and ice clouds;...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CLIMATE MODELS, ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY, BIOMASS BURNING,...
In this presentation, we demonstrate application of a new aerosol classification algorithm to retrievals from the POLDER-3 polarimter on the PARASOL spacecraft. Motivation and method: Since the development of global aerosol measurements by satellites and AERONET, classification of observed aerosols into several types (e.g., urban-industrial, biomass burning, mineral dust, maritime, and various subtypes or mixtures of these) has proven useful to: understanding aerosol sources, transformations,...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AEROSOLS, ALGORITHMS, POLARIMETRY, CLIMATE, REMOTE SENSING,...
Absorbing aerosols such as smoke strongly absorb solar radiation, particularly at ultraviolet and visible/near-infrared (VIS/NIR) wavelengths, and their presence above clouds can have considerable implications. It has been previously shown that they have a positive (i.e., warming) direct aerosol radiative effect (DARE) when overlying bright clouds. Additionally, they can cause biased passive instrument satellite retrievals in techniques that rely on VIS/NIR wavelengths for inferring the cloud...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AEROSOLS, ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY LAYER, AIR WATER INTERACTIONS,...
In this study, we utilize near-simultaneous observations from two sets of multiple satellite sensors to segregate Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) and Measurements of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT) CO observations over active fire sources from those made over clear background. Hence, we obtain direct estimates of biomass burning CO emissions without invoking inverse modeling as in traditional top-down methods. We find considerable differences between Global Fire Emissions...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), BIOMASS BURNING, CARBON MONOXIDE, SATELLITE OBSERVATION,...
Understanding the radiative forcing caused by anthropogenic aerosol sources is essential for making effective emission control decisions to mitigate climate change. We examined the net direct plus indirect radiative forcing caused by carbonaceous aerosol and sulfur emissions in key sectors of China and India using the GISS-E2 chemistry-climate model. Diesel trucks and buses (67 mW/ sq. m) and residential biofuel combustion (52 mW/ sq. m) in India have the largest global mean, annual average...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AEROSOLS, CHINA, INDIA, RADIATIVE FORCING, CLIMATE CHANGE,...
In this paper, we present recent field studies conducted by NASA's SMART-COMMIT (and ACHIEVE, to be operated in 2013) mobile laboratories, jointly with distributed ground-based networks (e.g., AERONET, http://aeronet.gsfc.nasa.gov/ and MPLNET, http://mplnet.gsfc.nasa.gov/) and other contributing instruments over northern Southeast Asia. These three mobile laboratories, collectively called SMARTLabs (cf. http://smartlabs.gsfc.nasa.gov/, Surface-based Mobile Atmospheric Research & Testbed...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), BIOMASS BURNING, AEROSOLS, ANNUAL VARIATIONS, SOUTHEAST ASIA,...
Ground, airborne and spaceborne data were collected for a 450 ha prescribed fire implemented on 18 October 2011 at the Henry W. Coe State Park in California. The integration of various data elements allowed near coincident active fire retrievals to be estimated. The Autonomous Modular Sensor-Wildfire (AMS) airborne multispectral imaging system was used as a bridge between ground and spaceborne data sets providing high quality reference information to support satellite fire retrieval error...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AIRBORNE EQUIPMENT, BIOMASS BURNING, SPACECRAFT INSTRUMENTS,...
Smoke aerosols from biomass burning are an important component of the global aerosol cycle. Analysis of Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) retrievals of size distribution and refractive index reveals variety between biomass burning aerosols in different global source regions, in terms of aerosol particle size and single scatter albedo (SSA). Case studies of smoke transported to coastal/island AERONET sites also mostly lie within the range of variability at near-source sites. Two broad families...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AEROSOLS, ALGORITHMS, ATMOSPHERIC MODELS, BIOMASS BURNING,...
