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Jun 11, 2011
06/11
by
NON
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In this issue, ASK writers explore ways to maintain their balance in their field of Project Management, and even what happens when they don't. From his own experiences. Colby Africa learned that pushing too hard can take a personal toll, even though his project was a success in the end. He looked back and asked himself. At what personal cost Sometimes one of the most simple - and the most human way - of keeping oneself grounded is not to lose your sense of humor. Ray Morgan's story about a test...
Topics: CRYOGENIC FLUIDS, FLUID MANAGEMENT, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, PROPELLANT STORAGE, CRYOGENIC FLUID STORAGE,...
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363
Sep 20, 2010
09/10
by
Margoulis,
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Comparing the results of the calculations for computing the mean pressure of an aviation engine for any number of revolutions, with those of experiment, the writer, by numerous examples, shows the perfect agreement between them. This report will show that, by means of a special abacus, an engineer can instantly plot the characteristics of an engine.
Topics: AEROSPACE ENGINEERING, LOW THRUST PROPULSION, NUCLEAR PROPULSION, TURBOMACHINERY, PROPULSION SYSTEM...
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405
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The three papers collected here are: 'The Effect of Nose Shape on the Drag of Bodies of Revolution at Zero Angle of Attack.', 'Base Pressure on Wings and Bodies with Turbulent Boundary Layers', and 'Flow over Inclined Bodies'. The subject of the first paper is the drag of the nose section of bodies of revolution at zero angle of attack. The main object of the second paper is to summarize the prinicpal results of the many wind tunnel and free flight measurements of base pressure on both bodies...
Topics: CRYOGENIC FLUIDS, LEADING EDGES, CAVITATION FLOW, THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES, TEMPERATURE EFFECTS,...
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228
May 31, 2011
05/11
by
Chou, Mong-Dah; Chan, Pui-King; Wang, Menghu
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To understand climatic implications of aerosols over global oceans, the aerosol optical properties retrieved from the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) are analyzed, and the effects of the aerosols on the Earth's radiation budgets (aerosol radiative forcing, ARF) are computed using a radiative transfer model. It is found that the distribution of the SeaWiFS-retrieved aerosol optical thickness is distinctively zonal. The maximum in the equatorial region coincides with the...
Topics: CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, CRYOGENICS, SPACE EXPLORATION, CRYOGENIC FLUIDS, LIQUID OXYGEN, LIQUID...
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345
Sep 20, 2010
09/10
by
Choi, Sung R.; Chulya, Abhisak; Salem, Jonathan A
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The single-edge-precracked-beam (SEPB) method involves creation of a straight-through crack from an indentation crack. The straight-through crack is developed by applying a controlled bending load to a specimen via a precracking fixture. The fixture induces the following sequence: (1) stable growth of the indentation crack; (2) pop-in; and finally, (3) arrest-thereby forming a straight-through precrack. The effects of indentation load on precracking load as well as precrack size were studied...
Topics: CRYOGENIC FLUIDS, SUPERFLUIDITY, TELEMETRY, EXPERT SYSTEMS, KNOWLEDGE BASES (ARTIFICIAL...
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589
Jul 11, 2010
07/10
by
NON
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Papers from the seminar of the Institute of Space Research, Academy of Science USSR are summarized. Summaries are devoted to problems of determining and correcting space trajectories and to problems of investigating optimum trajectories. Data are also devoted to the analysis of the effect of atmospheric drag on the evolution of satellite orbits, variations of atmospheric density, and questions of predicting atmospheric density for calculating artificial earth satellite orbits.
Topics: CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS, WEAR TESTS, WELDING, CRYOGENIC FLUIDS, MATHEMATICAL MODELS, NUCLEATE...
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180
Jul 6, 2010
07/10
by
ALBIN, M.; FEOLA, M
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DOUBLE FLOW TURBOJET PROPULSION IS DISCUSSED IN TERMS OF SECONDARY FLOW CAPACITY. THE TWO MOST CHARACTERISTIC ELEMENTS OF THIS PROCESS ARE THE RATIOS OF COMPRESSION AND BYPASS OF THE FAN. STUDIES ARE PRESENTED WHICH SHOW THAT AS THE BYPASS RATIO IMPROVES GLOBAL THERMOPROPULSIVE EFFICIENCY IT SIMULATANEOUSLY LOWERS THE SPECIFIC THRUST. THUS, IN ORDER TO ATTAIN THE NECESSARY THRUST, A CONSIDERABLE INCREASE IN THE DIMENSIONS OF THE SECONDARY FLOW (FAN) IS REQUIRED. IT IS FOUND TO BE POSSIBLE, BY...
Topics: AUXILIARY PROPULSION, LIQUEFIED GASES, SPECIFIC IMPULSE, COMBUSTION EFFICIENCY, CRYOGENIC FLUIDS,...
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245
Jun 21, 2010
06/10
by
Burylev, B. P
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Calculating thermochemical and thermodynamic properties of nickel and cobalt alloys
Topics: ACOUSTIC VELOCITY, OXYGEN, PRESSURE EFFECTS, TEMPERATURE EFFECTS, THERMODYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM, BINARY...
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324
May 22, 2011
05/11
by
Katnik, Gregory N.; Bowen, Barry C.; Davis, J. Bradle
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A debris/ice/thermal protection system assessment and integrated photographic analysis was conducted for shuttle mission STS-63. Debris inspections of the flight elements and launch pad were performed before and after launch. Icing conditions on the external tank were assessed by the use of computer programs, monographs, and infrared scanner data during cryogenic loading of the vehicle followed by on-pad visual inspection. High speed photography of the launch was analyzed to identify ice/debris...
Topics: CAVITATION FLOW, CAVITIES, CRYOGENIC FLUIDS, EULER EQUATIONS OF MOTION, NAVIER-STOKES EQUATION,...
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513
May 6, 2010
05/10
by
Cushing, V.; Edmunds, G.; Reily, D
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Electromagnetic induction flow meter for liquid hydrogen
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Topics: CRYOGENIC FLUIDS, ELECTROMAGNETISM, FLOWMETERS, LIQUID HYDROGEN, MAGNETIC INDUCTION, FLOW METER,...
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271
Jul 12, 2010
07/10
by
Dickson, C. R.; Gould, R. K.; Felder, W
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High temperature reactions of silicon halides with alkali metals for the production of solar grade silicon are described. Product separation and collection processes were evaluated, measure heat release parameters for scaling purposes and effects of reactants and/or products on materials of reactor construction were determined, and preliminary engineering and economic analysis of a scaled up process were made. The feasibility of the basic process to make and collect silicon was demonstrated....
Topics: CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT, DIAPHRAGMS (MECHANICS), INFRARED TELESCOPES, LIQUID HELIUM, SPACELAB,...
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187
Jul 23, 2010
07/10
by
Dotson, Kelly J
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This paper presents parameter regions in the CARE 3 (Computer-Aided Reliability Estimation version 3) computer program where the program overestimates the reliability of a modeled system without warning the user. Five simple models of fault-tolerant computer systems are analyzed; and, the parameter regions where reliability is overestimated are given. The source of the error in the reliability estimates for models which incorporate transient fault occurrences was not readily apparent. However,...
Topics: CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT, INTERFACES, MASS TRANSFER, PROJECT PLANNING, REQUIREMENTS, VENTILATION,...
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190
Jul 9, 2010
07/10
by
KYLSTRA, J.; HOOGERHEIDE, J
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COMMERCIAL PILOTS SITTING BEFORE AND LOOKING AT A TELEVISION SCREEN, ON WHICH WERE PRESENTED MOVING DOTS OR BARS SIMULATING AN APPROACH TO A VISUAL LANDING SYSTEM, WERE ASKED TO DISCRIMINATE BETWEEN LEVEL FLIGHT OR FLIGHT WITH CHANGE IN ALTITUDE IN THE SENSE OF A DESCENT. THERE WERE 4 PATTERNS OF LIGHT MARKINGS: SINGLE ROW, DOUBLE ROW, SINGLE CROSSBARS AND DOUBLE CROSSBARS. CHANGES IN ALTITUDE WERE SIGNIFICANTLY BETTER OBSERVED IN THE DOUBLE PATTERNS THAN IN THE SINGLE PATTERNS.
Topics: LIQUID HELIUM, NUCLEATE BOILING, ROCKET-BORNE INSTRUMENTS, WEIGHTLESSNESS SIMULATION, CRYOGENIC...
306
306
May 6, 2010
05/10
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Jacobs, R. B.; Macinko, J.; Miller, C. E
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Electromechanical measurement of density of flowing cryogenic fluids
Topics: CRYOGENIC FLUIDS, DENSITOMETERS, DYNAMOMETERS, ELECTROMECHANICAL DEVICES, ELECTROMECHANICS,...
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282
Jul 11, 2010
07/10
by
Hill, D. C.; Morris, S. J., Jr
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A report on the computer routine INTERP3 is presented. The routine is designed to linearly interpolate a variable which is a function of three independent variables. The variables within the parameter arrays do not have to be distinct, or equally spaced, and the array variables can be in increasing or decreasing order.
Topics: CRYOGENIC FLUIDS, LIQUID-GAS MIXTURES, TRANSONIC SPEED, TWO PHASE FLOW, WIND TUNNEL TESTS, LASER...
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179
Jul 21, 2010
07/10
by
Ake, T. B
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The major characteristics in the ultraviolet of the 1982-84 eclipse of Eps Aur as observed with IUE by various workers are summarized. This star can be observed over the entire IUE wavelength range, from 1200 to 3200 A, in low dispersion, allowing eclipse light curves to be obtained in broadband regions, but due to its steep spectral gradient and the sensitivities of IUE cameras, high resolution exposures adequately cover only the regions from 1700-1900 and 2400-3200 A. In many ways, the UV...
Topics: CONFERENCES, CRYOGENICS, ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT, INFRARED DETECTORS, MAGNETS, COOLERS, CRYOGENIC...
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183
May 27, 2011
05/11
by
Sharp, William E
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An ion mass spectrometer (IMS) was refurbished, calibrated and supplied to the University of Colorado payload (Dr. Charles Barth, P.I.) which was launched from White Sands in September of 1993 as NASA 33.062. The nose cone failed to deploy and their were problems with the ACS so the mission was declared a failure. However, the door covering the IMS deployed and the instrument obtained data. The launch occurred shortly after a payload carrying solar x-ray detectors was launched. Thus a small...
Topics: FLOW MEASUREMENT, HYDROSTATICS, FLUID INJECTION, HYDRODYNAMIC EQUATIONS, TURBULENT FLOW, CRYOGENIC...
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551
May 27, 2011
05/11
by
Wade, William R
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A description of the apparatus and methods used for obtaining total hemispherical emissivity is presented, and data for several stably oxidized metals are included. The metals which were tested included type 347 stainless steel, tungsten, and Haynes alloys B, C, X, and 25. No values of emissivity were obtained for tungsten or Haynes alloy B because of the nature of the oxides produced. The refractory oxide coatings tested were flame-sprayed alumina and zirconia. The results of the investigation...
Topics: PISTONS, FUEL PUMPS, CRYOGENIC FLUIDS, LIQUID HYDROGEN, CRYOPUMPING, CAVITATION FLOW, JP-4 JET...
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208
May 28, 2011
05/11
by
NON
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A method for fabricating soft tissue implants using a mold. The cavity surface of an initially untextured mold. made of an organic material such as epoxy. is given a thin film coating of material that has pinholes and is resistant to atomic particle bombardment. The mold cavity surface is then subjected to atomic particle bombardment, such as when placed in an isotropic atomic oxygen environment. Microscopic depressions in the mold cavity surface are created at the pinhole sites on the thin...
Topics: MAGNETIC FIELDS, VAPORS, SPACE TRANSPORTATION, SIMPLIFICATION, SENSITIVITY, POSITIONING, LIQUID...
701
701
Jun 21, 2010
06/10
by
Weinstein, S. T
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Computer coding program for neutron activation analysis of gamma ray radioactivity for composite materials
Topics: ALUMINUM ALLOYS, LOW TEMPERATURE ENVIRONMENTS, THERMAL EXPANSION, WELDING, RESIDUAL STRESS, SATURN...
Commercially available plastic film materials that remain flexible at cryogenic temperatures and resist failures caused by folds and wrinkles created during expulsion were investigated for use in expulsion bladders for liquefied gases. Compatible adhesive systems, fabrication techniques, and results of impact and dynamic loading tests are summarized.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ADHESIVE BONDING, COMPATIBILITY, CRYOGENIC FLUIDS,...
Design and construction of cryopump is reported that feeds from primary source to cool component up to 30 ft from source. Liquid oxygen or nitrogen is gravity fed through loop system to copper fibers enclosing component at room temperature where fluid boils, cools object, vaporizes and recycles through tubing loop.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), COOLING SYSTEMS, COPPER, CRYOGENIC FLUIDS, CRYOPUMPING,...
Overflow sensor for cryogenic fluid vessels has been designed by winding electrical resistance element on porous tubular coil form. Form is positioned in overflow vent of cryogenic fluid vessel where it can differentiate vapor from liquid at same temperature.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CRYOGENIC FLUID STORAGE, CRYOGENIC FLUIDS, ELECTRICAL...
Capillary-type insulation was devised for installation on inside of liquid methane fuel tanks for future aircraft. Insulation consists of honeycomb core of fiberglass cloth impregnated with polyimide resin which is bonded onto metal tank wall using polyimide adhesive. Capillary holes in each honeycomb cell admit methane which provides static pressure in cell.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AIRCRAFT FUEL SYSTEMS, CAPILLARY FLOW, CRYOGENIC FLUID...
Construction of instrument to measure ratio of liquid to gas of flowing transparent cryogenic fluid is described. Instrument consists of collimated light source and photoconductive cell. Operation of instrument is described and illustration of equipment is provided.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CRYOGENIC FLUIDS, ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT, ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES,...
The performance of single-phase storage and expulsion systems as affected by temperature variations within the stored cryogen which are generated during heat transfer is discussed. Peculiar operating responses are indicated by spontaneous changes in fluid pressure which accompany g level changes, increased heater surface temperature, and durations of pressure cycles which differ considerably from that which is computed for an isothermal cryogen. The nonisothermal characteristics are predicted...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CRYOGENIC FLUID STORAGE, CRYOGENIC FLUIDS, LIQUEFIED GASES,...
The results of continuing cavitation studies are reported. The cavitation characteristics of liquid hydrogen and liquid nitrogen flowing in a transparent plastic Venturi are discussed. Thermodynamic data, consisting of pressure and temperature measurements within fully developed hydrogen cavities, are reported. Details concerning test apparatus, test procedure, and data correlation techniques are given.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CAVITATION FLOW, CRYOGENIC FLUIDS, FLUID FLOW, LIQUID...
An apparatus was designed to enable in-pile irradiation of materials in liquid hydrogen at cryogenic temperatures. One of the principal components of this apparatus was a horizontal tube condenser. The performance of the condenser was evaluated by running a liquid-nitrogen prototype of the apparatus at heat loads comparable to or greater than those expected during the irradiation. The test showed that the condenser was capable of handling the design heat load and that the design procedure was...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CRYOGENIC FLUIDS, ION IRRADIATION, LIQUID HYDROGEN, LOW...
The results are presented of a program to perform an analytical assessment of potential methods for replenishing the auxiliary propulsion, fuel cell and life support cryogens which may be aboard an orbiting space station. The fluids involved are cryogenic H2, O2, and N2. A complete transfer system was taken to consist of supply storage, transfer, and receiver tank fluid conditioning (pressure and temperature control). In terms of supply storage, the basic systems considered were high pressure...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AUXILIARY PROPULSION, LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS, SPACE STATIONS,...
Boundary layer principles, along with two-phase concepts, are used to improve existing correlative theory for developed cavity data. Details concerning cavity instrumentation, data analysis, correlative techniques, and experimental and theoretical aspects of a cavitating hydrofoil are given. Both desinent and thermodynamic data, using liquid hydrogen and liquid nitrogen, are reported. The thermodynamic data indicated that stable thermodynamic equilibrium exists throughout the vaporous cryogen...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CAVITATION FLOW, CRYOGENIC FLUIDS, HYDROFOILS,...
High-purity copper specimens and a copper-aluminum (10%) alloy specimen were subjected to sliding against Type 440 C in cryogenic fuel environments. It was found that virtually all wear occurred by the plastic deformation of a recrystallized layer extending to about 10 micrometers below the wear scar surface of the copper or copper alloy. The wear debris was in the form of a layered structure adhering to the exit region of the wear scar. Measurements on the high purity copper specimens...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), COPPER, COPPER ALLOYS, CRYOGENIC FLUIDS, PLASTIC DEFORMATION,...
An analysis of the cryogenic supply system for use on space shuttle vehicles was conducted. The major outputs of the analysis are: (1) evaluations of subsystem and integrated system concepts, (2) selection of representative designs, (3) parametric data and sensitivity studies, (4) evaluation of cryogenic cooling in environmental control subsystems, and (5) development of mathematical model.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CRYOGENIC FLUIDS, CRYOGENIC STORAGE, FUEL SYSTEMS, SPACE...
A dc brushless motor driven mixer unit (a vaneaxial fan) was designed and evaluated for use in cryogenic fluids (liquids and gases). It was found to operate well in all fluids in which it was tested. The test fluids were liquid and gaseous helium, hydrogen in the liquid phase gas phase and mixtures of the two phases, and liquid nitrogen. It operated for over 100 hr at cryogenic temperatures without damage to the bearings and at the conclusion of testing the condition of the bearings was such...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT, CRYOGENIC FLUIDS, MIXERS, HELIUM,...
Closed-cycle refrigerating system for superconductive magnet and maser is operated in vacuum environment. Each wire leading from external power source passes through cooling station which blocks heat conduction. In connection with these stations, switch with small incandescent light bulb, which generates heat, is used to stop superconduction.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), COOLING SYSTEMS, CRYOGENIC FLUIDS, MASERS, SUPERCONDUCTING...
An experimental investigation of venting cylindrical containers partially filled with initially saturated liquids under zero-gravity conditions was conducted in the NASA Lewis Research Center 5-second zero-gravity facility. The effect of interfacial mass transfer on the ullage pressure response during venting was analytically determined, based on a conduction analysis applied to an infinitely planer (flat) liquid-vapor interface. This pressure response was compared with both the experimental...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), REFRIGERANTS, VENTING, WEIGHTLESSNESS, CRYOGENIC FLUIDS,...
Strain-cycling fatigue behavior of 10 different structural alloys and metals was investigated in liquid helium (4 K), in liquid nitrogen (78 K), and in ambient air (300 K). At high cyclic lives, fatigue resistance increased with decreasing temperature for all the materials investigated. At low cyclic lives, fatigue resistance generally decreased with decreasing temperature for the materials investigated. Only for Inconel 718 did fatigue resistance increase with decreasing temperature over the...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ALUMINUM ALLOYS, CRYOGENIC FLUIDS, FATIGUE TESTS, LOW...
Design, development, and test of a fuel conditioning and control system utilizing liquid methane (natural gas) and liquid hydrogen fuels for operation of a J85 jet engine were performed. The experimental program evaluated the stability and response of an engine fuel control employing liquid pumping of cryogenic fuels, gasification of the fuels at supercritical pressure, and gaseous metering and control. Acceptably stable and responsive control of the engine was demonstrated throughout the sea...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), FUEL CONTROL, FUEL SYSTEMS, J-85 ENGINE, LIQUEFIED GASES,...
Information is presented on instrumentation for density measurement, liquid level measurement, quantity gauging, and phase measurement. Coverage of existing information directly concerned with oxygen was given primary emphasis. A description of the physical principle of measurement for each instrumentation type is included. The basic materials of construction are listed if available from the source document for each instrument discussed. Cleaning requirements, procedures, and verification...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CRYOGENIC FLUIDS, DENSITY MEASUREMENT, LIQUID LEVELS, OXYGEN...
A vessel having inlet and outlet valves is disposed in a container with a fluid to be pumped which may be evolved from a liquid in the container below the vessel. A magnetocaloric substance is disposed in the vessel and causes fluid vapor in the vessel to expand and be expelled through the outlet valve. Vapor is drawn in through the inlet valve as the substance cools. The inlet valves may be one-way check valves or may be solenoid valves energized at appropriate times by timing circutis. A...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CRYOGENIC FLUIDS, MAGNETIC PUMPING, PUMPS, CONTROL VALVES,...
Generator operation is based upon unusual hydrodynamic properties exhibited by liquid helium below superfluid critical point. Below that temperature, liquid behaves as though it is mixture of two interpenetrating fluids. When transition takes place between superfluid and normal states, conservation of momentum is always balanced by normal fluid.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AC GENERATORS, CRYOGENIC FLUIDS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS, ENERGY...
Computer code has been developed to provide thermodynamic and transport properties of liquid argon, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, fluorine, helium, methane, neon, nitrogen, oxygen, and parahydrogen. Equation of state and transport coefficients are updated and other fluids added as new material becomes available.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CDC COMPUTERS, COMPUTER PROGRAMS, CRYOGENIC FLUIDS, FLUID...
The development of axial flow hydrogen pumps is examined. The design features and the performance data obtained during the course of the development programs are discussed. The problems created by the pump characteristics are analyzed. Graphs of four stage pump performance for various turbine blade configurations are developed. The characteristics and performance of a variety of pumps are included.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AXIAL FLOW PUMPS, CRYOGENIC FLUIDS, LIQUID HYDROGEN, TURBINE...
The use of centrifugal pumps for rocket engines is described in terms of general requirements of operational and planned systems. Hydrodynamic and mechanical design considerations and techniques and test procedures are summarized. Some of the pump development experiences, in terms of both problems and solutions, are highlighted.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS, CRYOGENIC FLUIDS, PROPELLANT TRANSFER,...
Parametric studies were conducted to investigate the relative merits of construction materials, coolants, and cooled panel concepts for internal convective cooling systems applied to airframe structures of hydrogen-fueled hypersonic aircraft. These parametric studies were then used as a means of comparing various cooled structural arrangements for a hypersonic transport and a hypersonic research airplane. The cooled airplane studies emphasized weight aspects as related to the choice of...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER, COOLING SYSTEMS, CRYOGENIC FLUIDS,...
The characteristics of a cryogenic cooling system for the Pollution Monitoring Satellite (PMS) are discussed. Studies were conducted to make the following determinations: (1) the characteristics and use of proven and state-of-the-art cryogenic cooling systems for six specified ranges of performance, (2) the system most applicable for each of the six cooling categories, and (3) conceptual designs for candidate system for each of the six representative cooling categories. The six cooling...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ARTIFICIAL SATELLITES, COOLING SYSTEMS, CRYOGENIC FLUIDS,...
The results are presented of a study program directed toward evaluating the problems associated with cooling an LST instrument to 2 K for a year by using superfluid helium as the cooling means. The results include the parametric analysis of systems using helium only, and systems using helium plus a shield cryogen. A baseline system, using helium only is described. The baseline system is sized for an instrument heat leak of 50 mw. It contains 71 Kg of superfluid helium and has a total, filled...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), HELIUM, HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE, INFRARED ASTRONOMY,...
Large airships may prove feasible as carriers of commodities that move as gases or cryogenic liquids; buoyant gaseous cargo could be ballasted with liquid cargo. Airships are compact in shape, operate in a rarified medium, and hence can be fast and perhaps economic carriers of costly cryogenic tanks. The high-pressure gas pipeline has excessive surface area when carrying hydrogen and excessive fluid density when carrying natural gas, while the cryogenic ocean tanker runs in a dense medium and...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AIR TRANSPORTATION, AIRSHIPS, CRYOGENIC FLUIDS, GASES,...
An investigation to adapt axial grooved designs to the gammit of heat pipe thermal control techniques, with particular emphasis on those suited for cryogenic applications was conducted. In addition to considering both active and passive gas control, diode designs utilizing liquid or gas blockage, or a liquid trap, are evaluated. The use of the liquid trap as a secondary heat pipe for forward mode operation during diode shutdown is also studied. This latter function is basically that of a...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AXIAL FLOW, CRYOGENICS, HEAT PIPES, CRYOGENIC FLUIDS, DIODES,...
The dependency of Mach number on the Prandtl-Meyer function was numerically determined by iterating the Prandtl-Meyer function and applying the Muller method to converge on the Mach number for flows in cryogenic parahydrogen and nitrogen at various total pressures and total temperatures. The results are compared with the ideal diatomic gas values and are presented in tabular form.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), LIQUID HYDROGEN, LIQUID NITROGEN, MACH NUMBER, PRANDTL-MEYER...
This vocabulary listing characterizes the contents of over 10,000 documents of the NASA Aerospace Safety Research and Data Institute's (ASRDI) safety engineering collection. The ASRDI collection is now one of the series accessible on the NASA RECON data base. There are approximately 6,300 postable terms that describe literature in the areas of cryogenic fluid safety, specifically hydrogen, oxygen, liquified natural gas; fire and explosion technology; and the mechanics of structural failure. To...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AEROSPACE ENGINEERING, CRYOGENIC FLUIDS, DATA MANAGEMENT,...
