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The socio-practical motivation of creative research raises a series of fundamental questions to be made sense of. First, what are the limits and the extent of dependence of scientific results on personal incentives and social values? Second, what is the hierarchy of the motivational factors themselves, how they correlate with the structures and mechanisms of society? And third, what the meaning of creative freedom consists in, and how must be understood its relative subordination to the...
Topics: Scientific research, creative work, social motives, oder of society, industrial determination,...
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Dr. N.A. Baloch Life and Works (Video Interviews-- Sindh Jo Zaheen Baar) Education in Naushehro Feroz, Karachi, Jhunagrah, Aligarh, Columbia University, USA: Professional Work in Karachi, Hyderabad, Islamad: Cultural Background of Sindh 1920s to 1950, سنڌ جو ذهين ٻار، ننڍپڻ، نوشهروفيروز ۾ تعليم، ڪراچي، جهوناڳڙھ، عليڳڙه، ڪولمبيا يونيورسٽيءَ ۾ تعليم، پاڪستان واپس اچڻ، سنڌ يونيورسٽي،...
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Topics: Dr. N.A. Baloch Life and Works (Video Interviews-- Sindh Jo Zaheen Baar) Education in Naushehro...
Many universities today are promoting cultural diversity to prepare students to be competent in intercultural communication and function effectively in an increasingly global world. The purpose of this study is to explore how and why students from different cultural backgrounds are motivated to communicate and interact with each other. It is based on the premise that a given culture prescribes how and why individuals are motivated to interact with others from different cultural backgrounds. In...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Individualism, Intercultural Communication, Cultural Awareness, Cultural Pluralism,...
Based on direct observations of the family, this paper analyzes the teaching strategies used by a Puerto Rican kindergartner's older siblings and extended family members to teach school-related knowledge and skills. As the family's instruction was conducted in Spanish only, these teaching strategies are analyzed in relation to those used by the boy's bilingual kindergarten teacher. One goal of this analysis is to provide early childhood teachers with insight into the teaching and learning that...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Bilingual Education, Bilingual Students, Bilingual Teachers, Cultural Background,...
This handbook provides detailed guidelines for conducting the exercise described in SO 009 457 as a workshop on intercultural communication. The objective of the workshop is to improve participant skill in intercultural communication by increasing the ability to recognize cultural influences in participants' own thinking. Aspects of conducting the workshop that are described in the handbook include (1) knowing participants' backgrounds, (2) explaining the objective of the workshop, (3)...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Education, Bias, Communication Problems, Communication Skills, Cultural...
This paper reports on the pairing of Spanish-speaking in-service teachers and Turkish-speaking pre-service teachers in a telecollaborative intercultural project in which English was used as a lingua franca. The authors of this paper were the course leaders. Participants' discourses were examined to understand how they communicated their cultures and whether they thought they had gained any cultural understanding from their interchanges. These data came from three sources: (1) The exchanges on...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Intercultural Communication, English (Second Language), Second Language Instruction,...
Heritage education is an approach to teaching, rather than an academic discipline or subject area. It draws on history, geography, literature, the arts, architecture, and the social and natural sciences to study the evidence of the past remaining in the natural and built environment, the material culture, written documents, and in community practices and traditions. Educators need to infuse the curriculum they have with the best content on history and culture, including exemplars of the built...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Built Environment, Citizenship Education, Cultural Background, Curriculum Design,...
This study aimed to examine the effect of an intensive reading intervention on reading motivation. The intervention program, ("Joy of Reading"), was implemented in six 2nd grade special education classes for pupils with learning disabilities, compared to a control group (n = 108 pupils in total). The intervention program was created based on learning principles that were proven effective among children with learning disabilities, included intensive exposure to daily structured reading...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Intervention, Reading Motivation, Grade 2, Elementary School Students, Special...
This discussion examines an academic intervention designed to enhance the motivation and classroom engagement of English Language Learners (ELLs) during literacy-based activities. Stemming from a sociocultural perspective of literacy (Au, 1993; Perez, 2004) within a funds of knowledge framework (González, Moll, & Amanti , 2005), our approach emphasizes personalized learning (Redding, 2013) by having the students design, develop, and implement classroom lessons based on their own interests....
Topics: ERIC Archive, Cultural Background, Family School Relationship, English (Second Language), Second...
In the translation part of this study, 22 Japanese short stories were translated into English by native speakers of English and 20 English short stories were translated into Japanese by Japanese. The passive passages in the Japanese version were classified into either adversative or non-adversative passive. (See related documents AL 001 564 and AL 001 565.) They were then compared with the corresponding passages in English to determine equivalence of translation. Distortion in translation was...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Cognitive Processes, Cultural Background, Cultural Differences, Cultural Influences,...
Focusing on the issue of culture and its impact on education in California, this document offers glimpses into the lives of individuals who ask the question, "Is there now or will there ever be a common American culture?" Organized into 10 articles, the first article, "Whose Culture is This? Whose Curriculum Will It Be?" (Laurie Olsen), examines the debate surrounding the selection of a social studies textbook series by the California State Textbook Commission. In the second...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Cultural Background, Cultural Interrelationships, Cultural Pluralism, Curriculum...
This paper deals with the phenomenon of code switching among bilinguals. Whereas previous studies of code switching have, however, concentrated on instances in which code alternation can be correlated with a change in social occasion, this paper uses examples from the speech of Mexican-American and Afro-American bilinguals to focus on those instances in which seemingly random language mixture is found in informal situations in which the minority language is considered normal. The author argues...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Ability Grouping, Biculturalism, Bilingual Students, Bilingualism, Black Dialects,...
Three hundred and six books and articles published between 1919 and 1973 are listed in this bibliography covering Mexican Americans and bilingual bicultural education. It is divided into 3 major sections: (1) social sciences, (2) education, and (3) bibliographies. The works deal with history, sociology, anthropology, economics, linguistics, political science, law, mental health, educational psychology, methodology, teaching English as a second language, and modern language teaching. Each...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Biculturalism, Bilingual Education, Cultural Background, Economics, English (Second...
This paper discusses issues and offers recommendations related to drug/alcohol counseling and drug/alcohol abuse prevention for postsecondary school personnel who work with deaf or hard-of-hearing students. The paper discusses characteristics of the target population, the lack of appropriate treatment services, communication modes of the target population, cultural aspects of deafness, prevention approaches of colleges and universities, the need for support groups, and types of substances being...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Alcohol Abuse, College Students, Counseling, Cultural Background, Deafness, Delivery...
Concise background information on Taiwan is provided. The publication begins with a profile of Taiwan, discussing the people, geography, political establishment, and economy. A map of the country is provided. The bulk of the publication then provides more detailed information on Taiwan's people, geography, history, administration, political conditions, economy, defense, and foreign relations. Relations between Taiwan and the United States are discussed. Principal officials in the Taiwan...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Area Studies, Asian History, Asian Studies, Comparative Education, Cultural...
Given the July 1st, 1976 deadline for selection by the Alaska Native corporations of historical, archaeological, and cemetery sites under 14 (h) (1) of the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act, the corporations need to know how to protect their resources; what opportunities the Federal and State governments and the professional community can provide to help meet this need; and when such opportunities should be made available. It is important, then, that the Native corporations plan to train...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Administrator Education, Agency Role, Alaska Natives, Archaeology, Community...
Various issues involved in the bilingual-bicultural education of Filipino Americans are addressed in this paper. Specifically, its aim is to define the role of bilingual education for the Filipino immigrant student. Educational goals are considered first. In deliberate planning, goal setting precedes assessment of the situation. The discrepancy between goals and what is actually obtained reflects the needs. The educational goals in the bilingual program are not to be different from those in the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Bilingual Education, Bilingual Schools, Bilingual Students, Bilingual Teachers,...
Bilingual/bicultural education in the United States in undergoing a renaissance founded on the notions of (a) equality of educational opportunity and (b) accountability in public education. The first section of this monograph examines the significant causes for this renaissance. It is pointed out that although great strides have been made in a relatively short time, it is erroneous to conclude that the bilingual/bicultural education movement is proceeding smoothly; there has been and will...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Biculturalism, Bilingual Education, Bilingual Schools, Bilingual Students, Bilingual...
This checklist is presented as a self-test for school administrators (including principals, superintendents, supervisors, curriculum assistants, subject-matter specialists-consultants, librarians, deans and presidents) whose work helps to enhance multi-cultural curriculum development in schools and colleges. The goal of this kind of curriculum is to eliminate racism, sexism, elitism, and ageism. It incorporates the anthropological concept of culture and includes the physiological, psychological...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Administrators, Age Discrimination, Check Lists, Colleges, Cross Cultural Training,...
Focusing on children's production of written language, a two-year study, conducted on the Oodham (Papago) Indian Reservation in Arizona, explored social context, linguistic systems, and the creation of meaning as aspects of the writing process. Ten American Indian children in third and fourth grade provided over 200 stories that formed the basic reseaerch material for this study. The primary tool of data analysis involved putting information about each story into a format suitable for computer...
Topics: ERIC Archive, American Indian Education, Child Development, Cultural Background, Elementary...
There is a general public concern in Kenya that majority of Form Four school leavers lack communicative and linguistic competence and thus cannot sustain conversation in English language without occasionally code switching to "Sheng" or Kiswahili. This study sought to find out the classroom activities used by teachers to promote learners' active participation in speaking skills lessons in eight secondary schools in Eldoret Municipality, Kenya. The study was based on Krashen's (1985),...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, Teaching Skills, Sampling, English (Second Language), Second...
This document is Volume 3 of the report on the first phase of a two-phase longitudinal study of the Teacher Corps program being conducted by Pacific Training and Technical Assistance Corporation. It contains supplementary material, usually statistical tables or technical material, which supports Volume 1, the main volume of the report (see ED 098 240). The purpose of Phase 1 of this study was to identify and analyze those combinations of intern background characteristics and Teacher Corps...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Attitude Change, Background, Cultural Background, Elementary School Teachers, Family...
Studies have found that many teachers are not successful with African American students. This study grew out of the need to explore and learn from insights and knowledge of effective Title I White Reading teachers and their personal experiences, beliefs, and instructional practices. These experiences have helped the teachers bridge cultural barriers with African American students. Examples of such experiences are early educational experiences; college education and experiences which prepared...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Cultural Background, Elementary Education, Literacy, Professional Development,...
Studying the Bible as a "source book for the humanities" can help students understand Biblical allusions found in literature, the fine arts, the news media, and cultured conversation. Students at Newton High School (Massachusetts) took part in a Biblical study course, using the King James Version because student most commonly meet Biblical quotations in this form. As many of the assigned Biblical passages as possible were linked with literature, music, and art. Quizzes were given on...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Audiovisual Aids, Biblical Literature, Cultural Background, English Instruction,...
The population of children in schools is rapidly becoming more ethnically and culturally diverse. However, there is a mismatch between the cultures in children's homes and the cultures in their schools. The funds of knowledge approach emerged in Tucson (Arizona, USA) in order to counter the deficit perspectives common in depictions of working-class, Latin American families. In this paper we critically report on two contemporary research projects conducted around funds of knowledge and social...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Cultural Background, Teaching Methods, Social Justice, Working Class, Disadvantaged,...
It is imperative to take account of the many faces of justice when exploring the elements of a curriculum for justice. Justice is not only about equity, equality and fairness, but about creating spaces where people can learn to prioritise a significant Other and practise doing so. The curriculum needs to provide a space where the legal, restorative face of justice and its ethical face could coincide. Firstly, we argue that a sole focus on justice as reasonableness might reinforce the notion of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Females, Religious Factors, Curriculum Development, Guidelines, Justice, Ethics,...
In recent decades, the Bedouin population in Galilee, in Northern Israel, experienced significant multifaceted changes. Exposure to other cultures and other social components, with which this population had very limited interaction in the past, had affected its norms and behavior patterns and caused adaption of manners and values that had not been tolerated in the past. As school in Israel is compulsory and local high school served various segments of the society, all Arab minority children...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, Arabs, Minority Groups, Qualitative Research, Mothers, Employed...
While many digitization projects are currently underway, to help preserve Indigenous traditions, few explore the full potential of the development of digital media and networked technology through Indigenous cultures. This paper outlines the three phases necessary for a robust digital preservation, promotion and growth project: 1) Straightforward documentation of Indigenous traditions; 2) Translation of Indigenous traditions into emerging technology and contemporary cultural modes of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Indigenous Populations, Cultural Background, Preservation, Information Technology,...
In this brief article, elementary Spanish teacher, Dorie Perugini describes a classroom project that not only enabled students to explore their own culture and cultures around the world, but motivated them to create a beautiful piece of art. Like most elementary language teachers, Perugini needed to teach her class about food. While planning her lesson, she contemplated how she could evoke the strong memories of favorite recipes and foods traditionally eaten at holidays in and if it was...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Intercultural Communication, Spanish, Second Language Learning, Second Language...
A survey was conducted to determine demographic characteristics of existing early childhood education programs in Alaska. The survey was completed by 152 certified preschool programs and licensed out-of-home child care centers, representing 6,601 children and 1,093 staff members. Data were tabulated for questionnaire responses on children's backgrounds, program history and demographics, staff members, teacher education, planned activities, and parent participation. The most notable feature of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Class Activities, Cultural Background, Early Childhood Education, Educational Needs,...
The instructional material in this third of 6 units is directed to the 9th graders of the Oglala Sioux people. Discussion is focused mainly on land and its significance to the Oglala Sioux people. The discussion covers 4 main areas: (1) a history of Oglala Sioux settlement in the Dakotas and the effect of the government treaties on the Oglala Sioux land, (2) the Allotment Acts and their effects on the Oglala Sioux, (3) a history of Federal-Indian policy and a discussion of termination and how...
Topics: ERIC Archive, American History, American Indian Reservations, American Indians, Cultural...
This article discusses the implications of the present trend towards bilingual education in the United States. Special attention is paid to the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, which has established bilingual programs in all of its public schools. Included among the possible effects of the new law are the following points of interest: (1) Students will receive instruction in their mother tongue for all required subjects; during the same period they will receive instruction in English as a second...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Biculturalism, Bilingual Education, Bilingual Schools, Bilingual Students, Cultural...
This learning module, which is part of a three-block series intended to help human service workers develop the skills necessary to solve the problems encountered in their daily contact with elderly clients of different cultural backgrounds, deals with communication and adjustment from the standpoint of the way in which elderly Native Canadians view and adjust to death and dying. The primary objective of the module is to identify the cultural issues surrounding Native Canadians' approach and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adjustment (to Environment), Aging (Individuals), Canada Natives, Client...
Agencies and individuals making decisions and recommendations for American Indian children in foster care should have a structured approach to the assessment, decision making, and replacement of these children. The underlying goal for all decisions should be to arrange a permanent home where the child can develop tribal identity. Placement decisions must be based on the assessment of the child, parents, extended family, tribe, emotional attachments between each person involved, and the benefits...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adoption, American Indians, Child Welfare, Community Resources, Cultural Background,...
This monograph addresses the recruitment and retention of Hispanic-Americans in University Affiliated Programs (UAP), which train personnel for the provision of health, education, and social services to people with developmental disabilities. It is designed to assist UAP faculty and staff to develop a comprehensive plan to increase the participation of Hispanic-Americans. The monograph discusses ethnic identifiers and cultural terms of reference, demographics of the Hispanic population,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Access to Education, Cultural Background, Developmental Disabilities, Higher...
The purpose of this literature review is to illustrate the implications of cultural diversity for career education and development. Discussed first are census data demonstrating the rapid increases in population of such groups as Asians/Pacific Islanders, African Americans, Native Americans, and Hispanics. Differences in world view are explored next, with an explanation of how differences in Locus of Control and Locus of Responsibility are influenced by cultural heritage and life experiences....
Topics: ERIC Archive, Career Counseling, Career Development, Career Education, Cultural Awareness, Cultural...
This handbook, designed as an introduction to Vietnamese society and culture, presents a highly simplified picture of Vietnamese life covering the following areas: (1) Vietnamese geography; (2) historical facts about the Vietnamese; (3) some aspects of Vietnamese culture, including (a) the philosophical background of the Vietnamese mentality (Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism, and Christianity), (b) language, (c) customs and habits (names, clothing, eating and drinking, recreation); and (4)...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Asian History, Cultural Background, Cultural Traits, Geography, Indochinese, Non...
Because an understanding of the cultural value orientation leads to more effective communication with people from different cultures, this paper examines how the difference of cultural value orientations affects the communication process. The paper explores the dissimilarities of value orientations between Chinese and American families from the perspective of communication. The paper focuses on five sets of cultural value orientations of the family: relational orientations, positional role...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Communication Research, Communication (Thought Transfer), Comparative Analysis,...
Na'imiloa, the High School Demonstration Project, is a program for potentially gifted and talented Native Hawaiian secondary students attending four high schools on the island of Hawaii. Phase I focused on identifying underachieving gifted and talented students; Phase II concentrated on student orientation to the program and on self-concept and self-esteem development, study and communication skills, and Native Hawaiian values. Phase III focused on the enhancement of each student's gift or...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Ability Identification, Cultural Background, Demonstration Programs, Ethnic Groups,...
This manual was developed as part of a project to identify and serve the needs of gifted and talented economically disadvantaged elementary and secondary level populations. Section I presents a leader's manual for a workshop that discusses innovative procedures for identifying bright children in all cultures and populations. The workshop examines traditional identification procedures and characteristics of traditional gifted children, characteristics of students from rural and economically...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Ability Identification, Cultural Background, Economically Disadvantaged, Elementary...
This paper traces the development of modern secular Tibetan education from the time of exile in India in the 1960's when the Communist Chinese occupied the country. A brief overview of the monastic education is presented as a way to provide a context to the importance of integrating Tibetan culture in the school curriculum. The rationale for a Tibetan-centric approach to schooling in exile is offered at various levels of its importance. An integration of Tibetan culture is also attempted. The...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Area Studies, Cross Cultural Training, Cultural Awareness, Cultural Background,...
Teacher self-disclosure (TSD) as a communication behavior can influence students' learning by increasing their engagement and class participation as well as helping them establish effective interpersonal relationships. Owning to its context-sensitive and culture-dependent nature, however, TSD topics, purposes, and considerations may vary cross-culturally. This study was an attempt to explore Iranian EFL teachers' perceptions of appropriateness of TSD as well as to investigate whether there was...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, English (Second Language), Second Language Instruction, Language...
The writing center is a logical setting for assisting the culturally dissonant student. Although the education of ethnic minority youth is one of the major tasks confronting American society and public higher education, teaching methods remain oriented to the values of a predominantly white middle class population. As a result, non-traditional (ethnic minority and working class) students often experience cultural dissonance in the classroom, a dissonance perhaps manifested most acutely when...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Academic Discourse, Cultural Background, Cultural Differences, Cultural Influences,...
This document is one of 17 volumes on indigenous Mexican languages and is the result of a project undertaken by the Archivo de Lenguas Indigenas de Mexico. This volume contains information on Trique, an indigenous language of Mexico spoken in San Juan Copala, in the state of Oaxaca. The objective of collecting such a representative sampling of the linguistic richness of the region was to store it for typological and historic comparisons. To gather data, questionnaires designed to elicit...
Topics: ERIC Archive, American Indian Culture, American Indian Languages, American Indians, Cultural...
Purpose: The reason many Asian students find student-centred learning challenging may be due to cultural factors present in every human interaction between individuals. This study attempts to determine the influence of these cultural factors on students' awareness of how and why they learn. Method: A sample of 12 students enrolled in a two year diploma course in a Malaysian university was interviewed, using a semi-structured interview protocol, on the students' perceptions and experiences when...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, Cultural Influences, Asian Culture, Student Centered Learning,...
Pragmatic competence is an indispensable aspect of language ability in order for second and foreign language (L2/FL) learners to understand and be understood in their interactions with both native and nonnative speakers of the target language. Without a proper understanding of the pragmatic rules in the target language, learners may run the risk of coming across as insensitive and rude. Several researchers (Bardovi-Harlig, 2001; Kasper & Rose, 2002) suggest that L2 pragmatics not only can...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Pragmatics, Native Speakers,...
A summary is presented of the literature on motivation relating to achievement in the classroom. Special attention is given to how values, ideology, and various cultural patterns may serve to enhance motivation to achieve in the classroom. In considering what determines motivation and personal investment in educational pursuits, the following factors are discussed: (1) individual personality; (2) teacher expectations; (3) dimensions of academic tasks; (4) sociocultural expectancies; and (5)...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Academic Achievement, Academic Aspiration, Cultural Background, Elementary Secondary...
In this article, the author presents and discusses findings from a small-scale qualitative project that included Greek-Cypriot elementary mathematics teachers working in schools with high percentages of immigrant pupils. Working in three neighbouring schools in the same underprivileged urban area, 16 teachers were individually interviewed regarding their experiences of teaching mathematics in those settings. The author discusses the teachers' reported instructional practices in facilitating...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Mathematics Instruction, Elementary School Teachers, Elementary School Mathematics,...
New Mexico, the fifth largest state, measures 390 miles from north to south and 350 miles from east to west. Six of the 7 life zones found in the U.S. are represented within the State's 77,866,240 acres. Its population has tended to congregate at altitudes of 7,000 feet and below, especially in areas where water is available. This booklet, prepared for use by schools with bilingual programs, presents information on New Mexico's past and present. The information covers: New Mexico's many...
Topics: ERIC Archive, American Indians, Area Studies, Biculturalism, Bilingual Education, Cultural...
This paper considers the communicative competence of Samoan migrants and how it affects their effectiveness in working situations. English language skills, written and oral, are assessed, using fieldwork reports and 1980 census data. Traditional Samoan communication is described in order to examine Samoans' second language competence comparatively. Social dimensions of communication in Samoa; Samoan speech registers; personal naming practices and social implications; the status of English in...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Communicative Competence (Languages), Cultural Background, English (Second Language),...
