The Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA) program is designed to help the more than 1 million workers per year who lose their jobs because of permanent layoffs or plant closures, due in part because of imports. Studies show, however, that the TAA program fails to meet the seven goals of a successful reemployment assistance program: (1) TAA benefits are not equally accessible to all affected workers as a result of the flawed certification process and varied unemployment insurance qualification...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Compliance (Legal), Dislocated Workers, Employment Programs, Federal Legislation,...
In May 2006, the National Poverty Center (NPC) at the Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy at the University of Michigan hosted a meeting--"Research on Prisoner Reentry: What Do We Know and What Do We Want to Know?"--to discuss the state of research on employment-focused prisoner reentry programs. This paper, written as background for the meeting, reviews the extent and quality of previous research and the results of key studies, describes several planned or ongoing evaluations that...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Institutionalized Persons, Public Officials, Federal Government, Recidivism,...
A full solution of the employment problems of countries in the stage of development now existing in Greece, to a great extent depends upon the possibilities of achieving the accumulation of capital necessary for the establishment of new industries and other investment. It is important for Greece to promote economic progress in the different regions so as to avoid an exaggerated concentration in the already over-congested present centers and the emigration abroad of the most dynamic elements of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Demography, Economic Climate, Economic Development, Employment Programs, Foreign...
This technical assistance guide was developed to help state policy makers develop performance-standard incentive policies that are effective tools in accomplishing state and federal goals for Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA) programs. The guide is organized in three sections. The first section introduces incentive policies as tools to further state and federal JTPA goals, summarizes the federal goals for JTPA, and highlights policy mechanisms available to states to guide the JTPA program. It...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Employment Programs, Federal Aid, Federal Programs, Incentive Grants, Incentives, Job...
A study examined the experiences of local governments throughout the United States in implementing the public service employment (PSE) component of the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act (CETA). The study involved four rounds of observations (in July and December 1977, December 1979, and December 1980) of programs in 40 State and local jurisdictions. These observations indicated that in the period from 1976 through 1978 the PSE component of CETA not only worked, but worked well....
Topics: ERIC Archive, Delivery Systems, Disadvantaged, Educational Needs, Employment Programs, Job...
A random assignment study evaluated two welfare program case management approaches, traditional and integrated, and was conducted as part of the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work (WTW) Strategies, an evaluation of 11 welfare-to-work programs in 7 sites nationwide. More that 7,000 single parent welfare applicants and recipients deemed mandatory for Columbus, Ohio, WTW programs were randomly assigned to a control group or one of two programs that differed only in their case management...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Education, Employment Programs, Employment Services, Management Systems, One...
The displaced worker is an individual who has been laid off from a job and has little or no hope of returning to that particular position. The number of displaced workers is large and is apt to increase. Displaced workers are typically male, older, not highly educated, and are union members with several years of seniority and above-average wages. Long-term solutions to their needs are provided by economic development strategies involving the cooperation of government, business, and education....
Topics: ERIC Archive, Agency Cooperation, Business Responsibility, Cooperative Programs, Dislocated...
The Youth Employment and Demonstration Projects Act of 1977 (YEDPA) authorized a range of research, evaluation, and demonstration activities to increase understanding of the employment problems of youth and to help determine the most effective policies and programs to address these problems. Although many programs, such as the War on Poverty and the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act (CETA) had addressed these problems previously, these programs had failed to provide a knowledge base for...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Demonstration Programs, Disadvantaged Youth, Economically Disadvantaged, Educational...
This document reports the oral and written testimony of witnesses at a Congressional hearing to discuss proposed legislation that would reestablish a veterans' job training program. Witnesses included representatives of veterans' groups and officials of the Department of Veterans Affairs, the Department of Labor, and the National Association of State Approving Agencies. Witnesses said that before further legislation is passed, more efforts and resources should be made available to present...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Employment Practices, Employment Programs, Federal Programs, Job Training, Labor...
This document examines employment and social policy in the European Union in 1999-2001. The document begins with an interview with Anna Diamantopoulou, the European Union's commissioner for employment and social affairs and the paper "Balancing Jobs, Cohesion, and Productivity" by Odile Quintin, the European Union's director-general for employment and social affairs. The following are among the topics discussed in the document's nine sections: (1) the European employment strategy...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Coordination, Employed Women, Employer Employee Relationship, Employment, Employment...
This report sets out to comprehensively analyse major reviews and evaluations of programs relevant to Indigenous labour market outcomes, including national mainstream and Indigenous-specific policies. The main evaluations covered relate to the Aboriginal Employment Development Policy, the Indigenous Employment Policy, the Community Development Employment Projects scheme, Working Nation programs and the Job Network. Successive Australian governments over the last 20 years have focused on...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Community Development, Indigenous Populations, Employment Programs, Labor Market,...
The report includes summaries of the Commission's activities by the executive secretary, the vice chairman, and chairmen of the following committees: public information, labor, employers, interagency, legislative, mental health, medical, women's, architectural barriers, community organizations, veterans, and awards. Members of the Commission, its staff, and all the committees are listed; the role of the state employment service is discussed; and the chairman's letter of transmittal to the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Agency Cooperation, Community Organizations, Coordination, Design Requirements,...
Since the mid-1990s, job-training and employment programs for low-income people have begun to emphasize not only program development and implementation, but also reform of the "system" of labor market, employers, training providers, and helping agencies. In 1995, the Annie E. Casey Foundation, which launched the Jobs Initiative in 6 metropolitan areas Denver, Milwaukee, New Orleans, Philadelphia, St. Louis, and Seattle developed and promoted the use of a 26-page "framework"...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Change Agents, Change Strategies, Employment Programs, Evaluation Methods,...
This document, part of a national study of the resettlement experience of the Hmong in the United States, describes a variety of exemplary resettlement projects and strategies. They cover six major aspects of resettlement: (1) employment; (2) education and training; (3) income supplementation and economic development; (4) housing; (5) provision of health and legal services; and (6) Hmong community formation. The projects described are not exhaustive, but are examples of innovative or noteworthy...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Acculturation, Educational Opportunities, Employment Programs, Health Services,...
This is the third and final report of a 2-year study analyzing implementation of Title II-A of the Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA) of 1982. Title II-A, which accounts for about 50 percent of the funds appropriated under JTPA, provides job training for the economically disadvantaged. The report is based on management information and direct observations from 25 local service delivery areas (SDAs) in 15 states, together with telephone interviews with key JTPA officials in a separate group of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Compliance (Legal), Economically Disadvantaged, Employment Programs, Federal...
These three essays are intended to provide an overview of southern efforts to help increased numbers of young persons make a successful transition from school to work with a future. The first paper, "Smoothing the Path from School to Work: A Promising Venture in Structural Change in a Southern State," by Peter B. Edelman and Myrtis H. Powell, examines the relationship between school reform and the school-to-work transition, placing special emphasis on new South Carolina statewide...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Compliance (Legal), Education Work Relationship, Educational Change, Educational...
This document contains the amended text of H.R. 4330, the National Service Act, a bill to establish school-based and higher education community service programs, to establish youth service programs, and to establish a model Good Samaritan food donation program, which was recommended by the Committee on Education and Labor. The document also contains a line-by-line analysis of the bill and the provisions that were amended during the hearing process and analysis of the effects that the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Community Services, Employment Programs, Federal Legislation, Federal Programs,...
Information was collected and compared on services provided to dislocated workers by the Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA) and the Economic Dislocation and Worker Adjustment Assistance (EDWAA) programs. (TAA and EDWAA are the two major federal programs created to help dislocated workers make the transition to new employment.) Findings were based primarily on review of programs in Michigan, New Jersey, and Texas. In each state, TAA programs served higher proportions of female workers, older...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Education, Adults, Cooperative Programs, Coordination, Dislocated Workers,...
At least 154 programs administered by 14 federal departments and agencies provide about $25 billion in employment training assistance. Faced with stiff global competition, corporate restructuring, and continuing federal budget constraints, the federal government can no longer afford to invest in a system that may waste resources and may not help people better compete for jobs. Despite decades of efforts to improve coordination of employment training program, conflicting eligibility requirements...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Administrative Change, Agency Cooperation, Cooperative Programs, Coordination,...
This report explores promising welfare-to-work programs and practices of states and localities as they balance supply- with demand-side strategies to help welfare recipients and low-wage workers work their way out of poverty while meeting employers' needs for reliable workers. Chapter 2 describes the new environment created by changes in the welfare system and the labor market that poses challenges for low-skill workers as they struggle to work their way out of poverty. The work patterns of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Education, Career Ladders, Economically Disadvantaged, Employed Women,...
This report focuses on people who entered the Jobs First evaluation when they were applying for or receiving cash assistance in the Manchester and New Haven (Connecticut) Department of Social Services offices between January-June 1996 and who left cash assistance within 18 months after entering the program (before reaching the 21-month time limit). Section II describes methodology used in analyses. Section III reviews the Jobs First program model, highlighting aims and these key program...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Education, Client Characteristics (Human Services), Economically Disadvantaged,...
This instrumental case study documents a community-based participatory evaluation research (CBPER) project that involved a community partner, two graduate students, a faculty member, and an external funder. It highlights the fact that a participatory evaluation model is a viable way to conduct community-based research (CBR) when a community organization needs to know if the program services they are offering are effective. The identification of the promising aspects and shortcomings of this...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Graduate Students, Evaluation Research, Community Organizations, Evaluation Methods,...
The initial discussion focuses on the dilemma posed by the fact that inflation and unemployment cannot simultaneously be eliminated with the macro-economic policies alone. To opt for controlling inflation means a delay in dealing with an already serious poverty problem. Suggestions for dealing with the inflation-unemployment dilemma are classified into 2 groups: (1) those which seek to remove the causes; and (2) those which focus on the symptoms. This paper specifically addresses itself to the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Consumer Economics, Economic Climate, Economic Factors, Economically Disadvantaged,...
Members of the target population that came in contact with the Concentrated Employment Program (CEP) in Columbus, Ohio were studied. Virtually all were black and most were young males. Their employment histories fit the "hard-core unemployed" label, but their attitudes did not match this discouraged and alienated stereotype. Many were unemployed prior to CEP because they were unwilling to accept the menial jobs available to them. While attitudes toward the Columbus CEP were generally...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Black Youth, Disadvantaged, Dropout Attitudes, Economic Climate, Employment Programs,...
These proceedings of a conference on 1978 youth knowledge development activities implemented under the Youth Employment and Demonstration Projects Act (YEDPA) of 1977 consist of the proceedings of the five sessions of the conference and the texts of 16 conference papers. Discussed in the first section of the proceedings are demonstrations and research conducted under the auspices of the Youth Incentive Entitlement Pilot Projects (YIEPP), the Youth Community Conservation and Improvement Projects...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Agency Cooperation, Community Services, Data Analysis, Data Collection, Demonstration...
This catalog provides Comprehensive Employment and Training Act prime sponsors with a description of resource and curriculum materials used by the School District of Philadelphia in its instructional programs. (Some of the resources are available for the cost of reproduction.) The first section contains resources for the following vocational subjects: Business Education, Distributive and Cooperative Education, Health Occupations, and Home Economics. Under each heading are listings of available...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Vocational Education, Allied Health Occupations Education, Annotated...
To be sure, there is a lot the Bloomberg administration has not accomplished in the social policy arena. City funding for a number of vital social programs--from child care to summer jobs for young adults--has been cut or flat-lined even as demand for these services has increased. Many of those interviewed say that the administration moved away from partnerships with community-based organizations. Many low-income New Yorkers undoubtedly face a more arduous road to the middle class than when...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Public Policy, Poverty, Social Problems, Social Influences, Employment Opportunities,...
The conference reported in this document brought together parents and employers to identify practical strategies to help youth with disabilities succeed in the transition to the world of work. The conference attempted to enhance partnerships among parents; employers; national, state, and local governments; and organizations devoted to improving the lives of young people and adults with special needs and helping them to secure employment in the competitive market place. The first section of the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Community Action, Community Cooperation, Conferences, Cooperative Planning,...
The Washington State Self-Employment and Enterprise Demonstration (SEED) was the first federally sponsored self-employment demonstration program for unemployed workers in the United States. Its primary purpose was to determine the viability of self-employment as a reemployment option for recipients of Unemployment Insurance (UI) benefits who do not have immediate job prospects. The SEED Demonstration was implemented in six sites, representing both rural and urban areas of Washington, from...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Education, Demonstration Programs, Employment Programs, Entrepreneurship,...
In order to measure their effectiveness in promoting rapid re-employment and shorter spells during which claimants are entitled to collect unemployment insurance (UI), the U.S. Department of Labor tested these three assistance strategies in the District of Columbia (8,071 claimants selected during June 1995-June 1996) and Florida (12,042 claimants selected during March 1995-March 1996): (1) Structured Job Search Assistance (SJSA), which required orientation, testing, job search workshops, and a...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Education, Comparative Analysis, Cost Effectiveness, Demonstration Programs,...
Helping low-income families in rural areas find gainful employment and achieve economic self-sufficiency is an ongoing policy concern. The Rural Welfare-to-Work Strategies demonstration is using rigorous experimental designs to build knowledge about how to help low-income families in rural areas strive toward sustained employment and self-sufficiency. This report examines an employment-focused case management initiative deployed in southern Illinois. Despite a lack of impacts on employment,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Program Effectiveness, Low Income Groups, Rural Areas, Employment Services,...
Patterned after a model developed in Philadelphia in 1964 without Federal funds, the Opportunities Industrialization Center (OIC) program emphasizes minority group leadership and seeks to attract the unemployed and underemployed who ordinarily would not have been attracted to public manpower programs. The program basic education, skill training, and job placement assistance. The five OIC's reviewed have made measurable progress in enrollment, training, supportive services, job development, job...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Basic Education, Adult Vocational Education, Employment Programs, Federal...
This paper, meant to stimulate discussion within the employment and training community, offers a wide range of strategies for keeping clients enrolled in Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA) programs. Issues discussed include the following: (1) why retention is important; (2) gathering and analyzing information; (3) links between client recruitment and retention; (4) retention through intake; (5) technologies for increasing retention after enrollment; (6) improving on-the-job retention; and (7)...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Attendance, Attitude Change, Disadvantaged, Employer Attitudes, Employer Employee...
A companion to a previous publication called "Private Industry Council Roles and Options," this document is intended to help State Job Training Coordinating Council members and other interested parties better understand the scope and significance of the councils' mission. It provides basic information on the mission, roles, functions, and organization of the councils. Part 1 addresses the purpose of the state councils; their evolution since the 1982 passage of the Job Training...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Advisory Committees, Educational Policy, Employment Programs, Job Training, Labor...
Several social objectives influence government sponsorship of employment programs: (1) training for mobility to reduce disruptions caused by change; and (2) increasing skill levels to increase productivity. Evaluation of program effectiveness considers whether the program served its target groups, what activities were provided, and what the outcomes were. The Comprehensive Employment and Training Act (CETA) targeted disadvantaged groups and provided classroom training, work experience,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adolescents, Adults, Disadvantaged, Eligibility, Employment Programs, Federal...
An overview of the National Program for Selected Population Segments (NPSPS), a group of eighty-two projects funded during fiscal year 1977 by the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act, Title III, is presented in this report. Chapter I provides an introduction to NPSPS. Chapter II reviews the administrative models used by the eighty-two projects and examines a common theme among them (affiliating with other service groups to maximize the impact of the project). The role of advisory councils...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Advisory Committees, Criminals, Demonstration Programs, Disabilities, Disadvantaged,...
This volume is one of the products of the knowledge development effort implemented under the mandate of the Youth Employment and Demonstration Projects Act of l977. This interim report describes the background and structure of the Educational Improvement Effort (EIE) of the Job Corps, as well as the preliminary findings for the first cohorts of participants and controls in the models of EIE implemented earliest. The EIE follows a logical sequence, beginning with a survey of the varying teaching...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Basic Education, Basic Skills, Computer Assisted Instruction, Computer Managed...
This directory describes current and newly expired projects funded under the Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services' Secondary Education and Transition Initiative. An introduction describes the Transition Initiative and the role of the Transition Institute at the University of Illinois. A series of one-page case studies describes 68 projects that provide direct service to young adults with disabilities, focusing on postsecondary demonstration projects, family networking,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Case Studies, Demonstration Programs, Disabilities, Education Work Relationship,...
As part of a 3-year study of the implementation of the Job Opportunities and Basic Skills (JOBS) Program, front-line workers were surveyed in all 10 states and in 29 of 30 sites included in the overall study. Their perceptions of the agencies' organizational environments suggested a rather lukewarm agency context for implementing JOBS. Workers strongly supported JOBS goals of promoting client self-sufficiency, wanted a stronger emphasis placed on JOBS within their agencies, and expressed a...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Education, Agency Cooperation, Attitudes, Basic Skills, Coordination,...
This document provides descriptions of employment interventions as a resource for use in initiating or expanding employment services for individuals with disabilities. The document presents abstracts of 40 employability/employment interventions and practices currently in use by independent living programs throughout the United States. The abstracts include a brief description of the employment services offered, geographic area served, populations served, staff, funding source, and program...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adults, Disabilities, Employment Potential, Employment Programs, Employment Services,...
Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA) is a benefit paid to workers who lose their jobs in industries that face increasing competition from imported goods. TAA is supposed to offset political pressures for protectionist legislation, and it has been justified on grounds of equity and efficiency as well. Research on TAA shows that it has failed to aid many workers in adjusting to job losses in industries hurt by imports. More than 97 percent of the $4 billion spent on TAA from 1962 to 1986 went to pay...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Dislocated Workers, Employment Programs, Federal Legislation, Federal Programs, Job...
HIGH SCHOOL DROPOUTS OF HIGH ABILITY WERE STUDIED TO OBTAIN INFORMATION ABOUT THIS PARTICULAR SEGMENT OF THE DROPOUT POPULATION. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES WERE TO (1) DETERMINE THEIR EMPLOYMENT STATUS, (2) DETERMINE THEIR PATTERN OF INTEREST AND PERSONALITY, (3) SUGGEST OCCUPATIONAL FIELDS FOR WHICH TRAINING PROGRAMS SHOULD BE DEVELOPED, AND (4) PROVIDE DATA TO CONSTRUCT AN INSTRUMENT FOR IDENTIFYING STUDENTS WHO WOULD BENEFIT FROM THE PROPOSED TRAINING PROGRAMS. THE SUBJECTS WERE 125 MALE AND 81...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Academic Achievement, Dropout Characteristics, Dropout Research, Educational...
The report provides a detailed review of the seven and one-half year Mississippi Labor Mobility Project, STAR, Inc., whose operations and research concerned the utility and feasibility of subsidizing worker relocation assistance to the unemployed/underemployed poor for the purposes of improving their economic and social opportunities. Almost 2,500 individuals and their families, at a cost of $2.2 million, were moved from areas of very limited employment opportunities to areas of expanding...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Cost Effectiveness, Delivery Systems, Demonstration Programs, Employment...
This booklet presents the positions of the National Association of Rehabilitation Facilities (NARF) on issues relating to supported employment in community settings and conversion of resources from previous programs for new applications. The booklet discusses NARF's previous statements, the legal basis for conversion of resources, proactive involvement, the philosophy of conversion resource allocation, risk containment in developing supported employment programs, planning for conversion, and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Community Programs, Disabilities, Employment Programs, Ethics, Financial Support,...
The key to success in Job Opportunities and Basic Skills Training (JOBS) programs is a philosophy of high expectations. The philosophy accommodates both client and societal concerns. Highlights of the philosophy include the following: respecting the client's goals; giving nonjudgmental acceptance, constant encouragement, and emotional support; communicating the idea that responsibility is liberating; making the program mandatory; and ensuring that work will be there at the end. Five overarching...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Basic Education, Basic Skills, Cooperative Programs, Coordination, Employment...
A nationwide study examined the roles, responsibilities, and major accomplishments of the State Job Training Coordinating Councils (SJTCCs) under the Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA). The 50-state assessment also documented the nature and extent of council involvement with governors, legislatures, and JTPA's local Private Industry Councils (PICs) and Service Delivery Areas (SDAs). Two-thirds of the governors continued to take an active interest in SJTCC affairs. Increasing legislative...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Education, Cooperative Programs, Coordination, Coordinators, Decision Making,...
This report surveys the vocational education system, work experience programs, and job training programs for youths in Chicago. The report is organized in five sections. It begins with a brief review of the socioeconomic context that affects youth employment in the city of Chicago. Section 2 examines vocational training in the Chicago public schools. Data on enrollment, curriculum, funding, and dropout rates are followed by a discussion of major policy issues on placement, sex equity, and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Community Programs, Disadvantaged Youth, Educational Finance, Educational Policy,...
This study utilized qualitative methods to examine the social interactions that occur within supported employment settings between workers with disabilities and nondisabled co-workers. The study also examined the job supports at work settings, to understand the relationship between formal, job coach support services and natural job supports. Seven employees were studied in supported employment settings, using participant observation and interviews. Settings included a nursing home, a department...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adults, Attitudes toward Disabilities, Disabilities, Employment Programs,...
This report documents statements from Senators, agency representatives, and tribal representatives concerning Senate bill S. 1530. The purposes of S. 1530 are to demonstrate how Indian tribal governments can integrate the employment, training and related services they provide in order to improve the effectiveness of those services, reduce joblessness in Indian communities and serve tribally-determined goals consistent with the policy of self-determination. Proponents among the witnesses saw the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Education, Agency Cooperation, American Indians, Coordination, Employment...
This booklet, which is designed to clarify facts regarding the minimum wage's impact on marketplace economics, contains a total of 31 questions and answers pertaining to the following topics: relationship between minimum wages and poverty; impacts of changes in the minimum wage on welfare reform; and possible effects of changes in the minimum wage and job loss. Among the issues addressed in the individual questions are the following: characteristics of individuals who work at the minimum wage;...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Education, Career Education, Economic Impact, Employed Parents, Employment...
