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Dear Internet Archive Community,
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Donor challenge:
Your donation will be matched 2-to-1 right now. Your $5 gift becomes $15!
Dear Internet Archive Community,
I’ll get right to it: please support the Internet Archive today. Right now, we have a 2-to-1 Matching Gift Campaign, so you can triple your impact, but time is running out!The average donation is $45. If everyone reading this chips in just $5, we can keep this website going for free, and free of ads. That's right, all we need is the price of a paperback book to sustain a non-profit website the whole world depends on. For 23 years this has been my dream: for a generation of learners who turn to their screens for answers, I want to put the very best information at their fingertips. We’re dedicated to reader privacy so we never track you. We don’t accept ads. But we still need to pay for servers and staff. If you find our site useful, we ask you humbly, please chip in. Thank you.
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Nov 10, 2018byDefense Technical Information Center
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This thesis identifies the contributions of gold from mine to market in financing nefarious organizations, sustaining illicit economies, and impacting national economies. After identifying common practices at all levels of operations and the market participants involved, regional cases from Africa, the Middle East, Indian Subcontinent, and South America are discussed, which illuminate the vulnerabilities in this trade. Nongovernmental organization, intergovernmental organization, and state... Topics: DTIC Archive, NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA, *COMMERCE, *COMMODITIES, *GOLD, AUDITING,...
Nov 10, 2018byDefense Technical Information Center
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Gallium nitride/aluminum gallium nitride high electron mobility transistors with nickel/gold (Ni/Au) and platinum/gold (Pt/Au) gating are irradiated with 2 MeV protons. Destructive physical analysis revealed material voids underneath the gate finger of the device. These voids, which are not found in fresh devices, cause a decrease in effective gate contact area, ultimately degrading the device performance and reliability. Scanning transmission electron microscopy images and respective line... Topics: DTIC Archive, NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA, *GALLIUM NITRIDES, *HIGH ELECTRON MOBILITY...
This work had three results: 1) construction of gold bipyramid nanostructures for tuning the plasmon resonance between visible/IR wavelengths; these structures with a high aspect ratio allowed extension of the local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) toward IR wavelengths as far as 1850nm. 2) Optical transmission properties of dispersions of self-orienting gold nanoparticles (spherical and bipyramidal) in sol-gel hybrid silica, which could be used as optical limiters (transmitting at low levels... Topics: DTIC Archive, LYON-1 UNIV VILLEURBANNE (FRANCE), *OPTICAL LIMITERS, GOLD, HYBRID SYSTEMS,...
This project involved investigation and optimization of the chemistry needed to immobilize biorecognition elements (BRE) on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to create selective nanoprobes for integration in micro- and nano-fluidic platforms to perform biomarker quantification in biofluids. The AuNPs serve as BRE carriers for analyte pre-concentration to be interfaced with a sensor platform that increases overall sensor sensitivity. Thiol coupling approaches were used in the optimization chemistry to... Topics: DTIC Archive, AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH HUMAN PERFORMANCE WING (711TH),...
Infinite coordination polymer (ICP) particles and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are attractive materials for a diverse array of applications, namely, catalysis, gas storage, chemical separations, photonics, and detections systems. Although promising, these micro- and nano-materials possess certain shortcomings that require further examination through fundamental studies. Towards overcoming these shortcomings, we proposed to investigate and drastically improve upon a series of key properties,... Topics: DTIC Archive, NORTHWESTERN UNIV EVANSTON IL, *NANOPARTICLES, *ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUNDS,...
This program was directed at generating functionalized surfaces and assemblies for electronic and sensory function. New functional systems and assembly methods were developed based on carbon nanotubes and mechanical abrasion, respectively. These schemes allow for distributed as well as on site manufacturing. Topics: DTIC Archive, MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE, *CARBON NANOTUBES, *PRECISION, *SURFACE...
The significant findings in this report come from the in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo evidence data which suggests that gold nanoparticles (GNPs) activate B-cells and enhance immunoglobulin G secretion. GNP treatment upregulates blimp1, downregulates pax5, and enhances downstream IgG secretion. The enhancement is size dependent and time dependent. GNPs ranging from 2 to 12 nm had the maximum stimulatory activity for the production of antibody. This is the first time that specific signal... Topics: DTIC Archive, NATIONAL CHIAO TUNG UNIV HSINCHU (TAIWAN), *BIOCHEMISTRY, *GOLD, *NANOPARTICLES,...
This project aimed at novel nano-sized thermal sensors that can measure temperature and retrieve thermal history of the biological agents experienced during the testing of agent-defeat weapons. Thermal response of Au-based core/shell nanostructures and thin film upon rapid temperature change was studied and their potential as dynamic nanothermometers was explored. The fund ($557,586) mainly supported a PhD student and 2 postdoc fellows at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and Texas State... Topics: DTIC Archive, RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INST TROY NY, *THERMOMETERS, BIOLOGICAL AGENTS, DETECTORS,...
In year five of our grant we successfully completed a major grant milestone, and made progress and improvements in the areas where goals have previously been met. These accomplishments include: the first publication in the field on the self-assembly of quantum rods using DNA in which we used a patterned surface provided by DNA origami to control rod alignment and spacing (Section 1); published final results showing bioluminescence resonance energy transfer between firefly luciferase enzymes and... Topics: DTIC Archive, SYRACUSE UNIV NY, *ASSEMBLY, *BIOMIMETICS, *COPOLYMERS, *CRYSTALLIZATION,...
Nanocomposites of graphene or graphene oxide and either metal nanoparticles or macroporous copper oxides (macroCuO) were synthesized and their electrochemical properties and possible applications investigated. MacroCuO with graphene was successfully used as supercapacitor electrode material. Electrochemical measurements of this system revealed the maximum specific capacitance, energy density and power density of 417 F g(expn 1), 58 Wh kg(expn 1) and17.85 kWkg( expn -1), respectively at a... Topics: DTIC Archive, MUMBAI UNIV (INDIA), *CAPACITORS, *ENERGY DENSITY, *NANOMATERIALS, CAPACITANCE,...
In the current study the synthesis of hollow gold nanoshells (HAuNS) is demonstrated through the use of a galvanic replacement reaction. HAuNS of select diameter and shell thickness were synthesized and tunability of the extinction coefficient was demonstrated through control of the materials' core-shell ratio. Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH...
Oct 30, 2018byDefense Technical Information Center
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The theoretical energy density of Li-air battery is close to that of gasoline. One hurdle to implementation is electrochemistry of oxygen in non-aqueous electrolytes, including development of a suitable catalyst for reversible oxygen electrode for long cycle-life. Several reduced graphene oxide (RGO) preparations were tested in both aqueous and non-aqueous electrolytes using cyclic voltammetry and rotating disk electrode techniques. Studies were carried out using silver nano-particles (Ag-RGO),... Topics: DTIC Archive, INDIAN INST OF SCIENCE BANGALORE (INDIA) DEPT OF INORGANIC AND PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY,...
Sep 30, 2018byDefense Technical Information Center
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Characterization of nanomaterials must include analysis of both size and chemical composition. Field Flow Fractionation (FFF) is a powerful tool for determining the size of nanoparticles. Through the use of a combination of common detectors, such as UV-VIS (Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrophotometry) absorbance, with advanced methods, such as ICP-MS (Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry), high-resolution nanoparticle sizing and compositional analysis at the mg/L concentration level can be... Topics: DTIC Archive, ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS ENVIRONMENTAL LAB,...
