This bulletin on the status of medical education during 1918-1920 addresses the following topics: (1) Cooperation of the medical schools in war work; (2) Status of medical education in 1917; (3) Needs in medicine as revealed by the war; (4) Recent progress in medical education; (5) Medical teachers; (6) Limitation of enrollments; (7) Continuous sessions in medical schools; (8) Hospital internships (9) No dearth of physicians; (10) Graduate courses for the training of specialists; (11) Graduate...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Medical Education, Medical Schools, Physicians, Educational History, War, Medicine,...
This study addressed the traits and characteristics that Turkish students deem most important in a long-term romantic partner. We collected quantitative and qualitative data on characteristics desired in romantic partners from students attending Bahçesehir Üniversitesi in Istanbul, Turkey. Like our previous cross-cultural studies conducted in Japan, Russia and the United States, results supported dependability and love as the most important traits. Overall, positive internal attributes were...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, Preferences, Statistical Analysis, Qualitative Research,...
The current study mainly aims to examine the attitudes of speakers of Urban Meccan Hijazi Arabic (UMHA) towards their dialect, which is spoken in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. It also investigates whether the participants' age, sex and educational level have any impact on their perception of their dialect. To this end, I designed a 5-point-Likert-scale questionnaire, requiring participants to rate their attitudes towards their dialect. I asked 80 participants, whose first language is UMHA, to fill out...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Semitic Languages, Dialects, Attitude Measures, Foreign Countries, Questionnaires,...
As freely adoptable digital resources, OpenCourseWare (OCW) have become a prominent form of Open Educational Resources (OER). More than 275 institutions in the worldwide OCW consortium have committed to creating free access open course materials. Despite the resources and efforts to create OCW worldwide, little understanding of its use exists. This paper reports OCW project development at National Taiwan University (NTU) and investigates its use with Google Analytics. Reports include strategic...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Shared Resources and Services, Courseware, Use Studies, Foreign Countries, Higher...
This monograph addresses the recruitment and retention of African-Americans in University Affiliated Programs (UAP), which train personnel for the provision of health, education, and social services to people with developmental disabilities. It is designed to assist UAP faculty and staff to develop a comprehensive plan to increase the participation of African-Americans. It documents key factors contributing to the steady decline of African-American representation within undergraduate and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Access to Education, Black Students, Blacks, Cultural Background, Developmental...
An attempt to determine educational needs in adult education in Commonwealth countries, particularly in Britain and Australia, this document focuses on the changing sociological backgrounds of students in existing programs. Identification of characteristics of a cross-section of the students suggests a direct relationship between parental attitudes toward education and adult interest in non-vocational, continuing education. Concluding remarks concentrate on determining the need to modify...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Basic Education, Adult Education, Adults, Curriculum Development, Educational...
A study examined factors influencing female cassava processors' intentions regarding participation in an extension education program on cassava processing in rural Nigeria. Interviews were conducted with 224 women who were purposely selected from areas of zone 3 of Ondo State, Nigeria, which has large concentrations of cassava processors. Descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and discriminant analysis were used to identify relationships between demographic characteristics and respondents'...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Access to Education, Adult Education, Agricultural Education, Demography, Educational...
In this article, the authors talk about the importance of soft skills for hard-core technical professionals. In many technical professions, the complete focus of education and training is on technical topics either directly or indirectly related to a career or discipline. Students are generally required to master various mathematics skills, science skills and detailed technical skills directly related to the specific discipline they are planning to enter. This curriculum is critical to their...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Personality Traits, Interpersonal Competence, Social Development, Affective Behavior,...
The abuse of people with developmental disabilities has a long and horrific history, which extends from prehistoric to current times. Only in the past 20 or 30 years has society recognized that this abuse is a serious social problem and, with this recognition, research has been carried out on the topic. The limited research that has been done suggests differing causes for making this population so vulnerable to abuse. What is not under dispute is the fact that this abuse continues to this day,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Social Problems, Developmental Disabilities, Safety, Institutionalized Persons,...
Ryan Kelty, Meredith Kleykamp, and David Segal examine the effect of military service on the transition to adulthood. They highlight changes since World War II in the role of the military in the lives of young adults, focusing especially on how the move from a conscription to an all-volunteer military has changed the way military service affects youths' approach to adult responsibilities. The authors note that today's all-volunteer military is both career-oriented and family-oriented, and they...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Military Service, Social Class, Females, Military Personnel, Social Characteristics,...
Since the 1970s, finding alternative permanent families for children in foster care who could not return to their birth parents has been a primary goal of the child welfare system. Since that time, significant gains have been made in helping such children find permanent homes through adoption and guardianship. This article analyzes these trends and finds: (1) A majority of states have doubled the number of adoptions from foster care over the 1995-97 baselines established by the federal...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Placement, Child Welfare, Federal Government, Adoption, Welfare Services, Foster...
Friendships between individuals can be found throughout lifespans. This study examined an interaction between adolescents who consider themselves close friends. Inspection of friends' interaction when working on a joint task may allow the classification of close friendships in adolescence. In addition friends were asked about their joint daily activities to allow the detection of possible characteristics of interaction across friendship types. The study also examined adolescents' conceptions of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adolescents, Classification, Foreign Countries, Friendship, Grade 10, High School...
A study determined the extent to which graduate students have contributed to the body of adult education knowledge through published research. It described content of graduate research articles and identified graduate programs, faculty who supported its production, and levels of graduate study involved in research publication. The study also examined the characteristics of graduate student authors. The same survey questionnaire was used for two data collections in 1979 and 1989. The 1979 survey...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Education, Adult Educators, Content Analysis, Doctoral Dissertations,...
This paper reports on a study that investigated the characteristics of innovative Ohio sawmill operators and compared characteristics of Appalachian to non-Appalachian operators. (The paper is derived from a larger study that investigated the perceived educational needs of innovative Ohio sawmill operators.) Thirty-two Ohio sawmill operators were selected based upon criteria that they were the first or near the first individuals to adopt new ideas or work practices. A questionnaire assessed the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Educational Needs, Educational Planning, Individual Characteristics, Innovation,...
Six student teachers who were committed to the tenets of whole language were studied to determine how they manifested their whole language perspectives in light of the enabling and constraining factors they faced in their specific field sites. Results indicated that the six student teachers were forced to alter their teaching behaviors significantly due to constraining factors. The impact of context on teacher's behavior is examined in general, and the categories of constraining factors that...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Beginning Teachers, Context Effect, Cultural Background, Elementary Education, Higher...
This document consists of 6 figures and 67 tables that together present national, regional, and state profiles of those individuals aged 16 years and older who have not attained a high school diploma or equivalent and are not currently enrolled in school. Included in the tables are the following target population characteristics: number of years of school completed, ages, gender, English proficiency, status with regard to poverty level, and race and/or ethnicity. Also included are a description...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Education, Adult Literacy, Adults, Age, Census Figures, Demography, Dropout...
This paper compares the early life, background, and education of Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky. It makes the case that an adaptation of the curve developed by C. Quigley can be used to trace the motivations of both Piaget and Vygotsky in creating their respective theories. The analysis also reveals the adversity that each man faced. Although they lived in countries with very different governments and histories, the political and military aspects of their nations had an impact on both men as they...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Background, Biographies, Child Development, Child Psychology, Children, Educational...
This document discusses the characteristics and satisfaction level of graduating students in 2002-03 in Mendocino College. The graduating class of 2003 was the largest in the colleges history. The information gathered in the report came from a survey mailed to graduates from the class of 2002 and 2003. The response rate was 35% for class of 2002 and 21% for class of 2003. Some of the key findings of the survey are as follows: (1) for both graduating classes, the majority of students completed...
Topics: ERIC Archive, College Graduates, Community Colleges, Graduates, Graduation, Individual...
The purpose of this article is to identify and discuss various aspects associated with peer victimization (bullying) among youth. In particular, this analysis will investigate several critical factors (e.g. causes, consequences, etc.) related to peer victimization from relevant empirical studies. Intervention measures are suggested.
Topics: ERIC Archive, Bullying, Peer Relationship, Victims of Crime, Youth, Gender Differences, Social...
This report presents data on the early care and education arrangements and selected family activities of children in the United States from birth through the age of 5 who were not yet enrolled in kindergarten in the spring of 2012. The report also presents data on parents' satisfaction with various aspects of these care arrangements and on their participation in various learning activities with their children. For each category of information included in the report, the results are broken down...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Early Childhood Education, Family Involvement, Preschool Children, Parent Attitudes,...
INFORMATION FROM THE 1964 NATIONAL REGISTER OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL PERSONNEL ON THE SUPPLY, UTILIZATION, AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NATION'S SCIENTIFIC MANPOWER RESOURCES IS REPORTED. A QUESTIONNAIRE WAS USED TO OBTAIN DATA FROM 224,000 PERSONS INCLUDING (1) KNOWN QUALIFIED SCIENTISTS, (2) RECENT GRADUATES OF COLLEGE SCIENCE PROGRAMS, (3) MEMBERS OF PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS, (4) SUBSCRIBERS TO PROFESSIONAL JOURNALS, AND (5) NON-MEMBER REGISTRANTS OF PROFESSIONAL MEETINGS. FIELDS COVERED...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Agriculture, Biology, Chemistry, College Science, Earth Science, Economics,...
This study investigates the structural and functional differences between the non-standard Negro English of northern ghetto areas (NNE) and standard English (SE). The major field work was done in Central Harlem with (1) a geographically random sample of 50 pre-adolescent speakers in Vacation Day Camps, (2) six pre-adolescent and adolescent peer groups in Harlem, studied in individual interviews and group sessions, and (3) a random sample of 100 adults, in a middle-class area and two...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adolescents, Adults, Age Groups, Black Culture, Black Dialects, Contrastive...
The basic question to be considered was: "What will it take to provide adequate numbers of appropriately qualified operators of X-ray machines in medicine?" The conference was planned to provide maximum opportunity for exchange of ideas among technicians, educators of technicians, employers of technicians, and those involved in regulating the practice of technicians. There were approximately 340 participants. Major presentations included in the document are: (1) a keynote address by...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Accreditation (Institutions), Allied Health Occupations Education, Career...
With a dyadic interaction theory of human development and behavior as the framework, factor and multiple regression analyses were used to determine predictors and criteria of talent (socially or culturally valued behavior). Analyses covered grade point average and scores on standard academic achievement and scholastic aptitude tests; also covered were teacher, peer, and self ratings. Of the resulting 15 underlying criteria of talented behavior in 961 twelfth graders and nine predictors in 1,464...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Academic Achievement, Behavior Patterns, Behavior Theories, Cognitive Ability,...
To measure the success of the recently opened Tarrant County Junior College, a follow-up study was conducted to determine personal characteristics of students, their opinions of their studies at this school, and their post-Tarrant County Junior College activities. Surveys were designed for a group of students who had taken at least one occupational education course and for another group who should have completed 60 credit hours by the end of spring semester 1969 (university-parallel students)....
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Demography, Individual Characteristics, School Demography,...
The role of certain personality and intellectual factors in the vocational adjustment of a sample of 133 vocational rehabilitation clients with a variety of problems was investigated. All subjects were administered the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), the Rorschach, the Kuder Personal Preference Record, and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS); in addition, selected demographic information was obtained. Several years later the sample was classified into three...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Individual Characteristics, Intelligence, Intelligence Differences, Personality,...
The purpose of this study was to describe the qualifications of the 46 instructors in adult basic education in British Columbia, to assess their awareness of the adult basic education process, and to inventory their perceived need for training. Data were gathered on socio-economic characteristics of the instructors, job satisfaction, and the importance attached by instructors to certain aspects of the instructional task. The instructors were found to be largely former teachers and to consider...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Basic Education, Adult Learning, Age Groups, Community Involvement, Educational...
This study was made to assess the relative effects of individual learner characteristics on the prediction of academic success in a traditional course and an independent study course in science, and to predict achievement for individual students. Variables from personality and intellective areas were employed in conjunction with biographical data. The independent study course, the Audio-Tutorial System, consists of independently scheduled, but structured, laboratory and learning sessions, audio...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Academic Achievement, College Science, College Students, Independent Study,...
To begin this profile of California community college faculty, the following characteristics of the colleges themselves are described: setting, size, organization, governance, and location. The following faculty characteristics are discussed: number, sex, personal factors, marital status, educational level, experience, parents, educational specialization, geography, class size and teaching load, salaries, retention of faculty, and choosing new faculty. The author offers a projection of new...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Faculty, Individual Characteristics, School Districts, School Surveys, Teacher...
Reported relationships between individual characteristics and group performance have been weak, but Davis (1969) and Johnson (1970) found that a subject's stated preference for working alone or in a group was associated with differences in group performance. In the present study, preference for group or solo participation was examined in relation to personality measures that focus on interpersonal behavior. On the Fundamental Interpersonal Behavior Organization and Maudsley Personality...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Group Dynamics, Group Experience, Individual Activities, Individual Characteristics,...
Because the demand for health services exceeds the supply, information concerning the aspirations, interests, and motivating factors which lead individuals to choose a health career and the obstacles in the path of health career development are of vital concern to counselors and guidance personnel. This paper reports the findings of three studies which utilized data from the Project Talent Data Bank to identify similarities and differences in personal traits of dentists, pharmacists, and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Allied Health Occupations Education, Career Choice, Career Development, Career...
The primary purpose of this study was to identify how boys and girls differ in reported self-concept in lower class inner city schools. In addition, how teachers perceive the "typical" boys' and girls' self-concept was investigated. The Piers-Harris self-concept scale was administered in group sessions to students in grades three through six from various inner city and middle class schools. Elementary and secondary teachers enrolled in graduate education courses were asked to mark the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Disadvantaged Youth, Elementary School Students, Elementary School Teachers,...
Two distinct anxiety factors, labeled trait anxiety and state anxiety, were identified. The trait anxiety factor was interpreted as measuring stable individual differences while the state anxiety factor defined a transitory state of the organism that varied over time. A trait-state conception of anxiety was then proposed that specified the relationship between state anxiety (A-state) and trait anxiety (A-Trait). The purpose of this study was to derive and evaluate various predictions with...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Anxiety, Behavioral Science Research, College Students, Individual Characteristics,...
The task group report presented in this publication is one of a series prepared by eminent psychologists who have served as consultants in the U.S.O.E.-sponsored grant study to conduct a Critical Appraisal of the Personality-Emotions-Motivation Domain. In order to achieve the goal of identifying important problems and areas for new research and methdological issues related to them, an approach was followed in which leading investigators in specialized areas were enlisted as members of task...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Affective Objectives, Behavioral Science Research, Individual Characteristics,...
The report, based on a 1974 sample of 47,000 households, describes the school enrollment of older adults working toward a high school or college diploma or a trade school certificate. Data, summarized in narrative and tabular form, show that two-thirds of the one and one-half million students age 35 and over in the United States were enrolled in college (including 285,000 in graduate school), and about 400,000 were attending trade or vocational school. The remainder (80,000) were enrolled in...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Students, Adults, Career Development, College Attendance, Enrollment, Higher...
A taxonomy of educational objectives which conceptualizes interpersonal skills in terms of measurable behavior is described. The categories represent six aspects of leadership capability--one of them cognitive (conceptualization), one of them cognitive-affective (evaluation), and four of them cognitive-affective-behavioral (leading, following, role-exchange yielding, and role-exchange asserting). In the section on theoretical foundations of the taxonomy, it is maintained that task-oriented...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Affective Behavior, Affective Objectives, Behavior Patterns, Behavior Theories,...
This document reports on a "mini-conference" on the contributions of educational research in the past ten years. Significant research projects in the following eight major areas are identified: (1) human development and learning; (2) teaching; (3) equality, inequality, and human rights; (4) educational finance; (5) educational administration; (6) educational technology; (7) program improvement and assessment; and (8) research methodology. Specific papers and research projects in each...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Behavior Patterns, Change Agents, Civil Rights, Educational Development, Educational...
A group of interested and academically qualified female Aid to Families with Dependent Children recipients was identified to participate in the assessment of a demonstration program to train female Work incentive Program (WIN) participants. Training for electronics technicians was conducted at DeVry Institute of Technology (Chicago) and Ohio Institute of Technology (Columbus). Data was gathered for a baseline description of the 270 women participants--133 assigned to training and 137 to the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Demonstration Programs, Educational Experience, Electronic Technicians, Employment...
Encouragement of entrepreneurship, while being a viable method of addressing unemployment concerns, would contradict the usual educational establishment's initiatives of many industrialized nations, such as the School-to-Work Opportunities Act in the United States, which focus on creating an employee mentality. This paper discusses the ways in which young people face some obstacles to entrepreneurship, as well as some advantages. It also presents studies of successful entrepreneurs that show...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Education Work Relationship, Entrepreneurship, High Risk Students, Individual...
This report, the fourth in the "Falling through the Net" series, measures the extent of computer and Internet connection among U.S. households and individuals. The data, obtained from Bureau of the Census statistics and interviews with 48,000 households, show that digital inclusion is rapidly increasing--households with Internet access soared by 58 percent since December 1998; more than half of all households have computers; and individuals using the Internet rose by a third. Groups...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Access to Computers, Age Groups, Computer Use, Disabilities, Individual...
The contribution of occupational profiling to explaining and forecasting job satisfaction were analyzed by using data on job satisfaction for 33,249 workers from waves 1-7 of the British Household Panel Survey. Overall job satisfaction gradients were defined for major and minor groups of occupations in the United Kingdom's Standard Occupational Classification. The level and congruence of the material aspects and quality of work life aspects of job satisfaction in individual occupational unit...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Alienation, Attitude Measures, Comparative Analysis, Data Analysis, Data...
Four Australian cohorts (born in 1961, 1965, 1970 and 1975) were studied between 1980-2000. The life transitions study focused on these three traditional markers of adulthood: (1) moving out of the parental home; (2) establishing an intimate relationship; and (3) buying a home. Incidence of these transitions was analyzed in terms of their relationship to social background, demographic, and labor market factors. The following was found: (1) those born in 1975, especially the females, moved out...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Academic Persistence, Adult Children, Attrition (Research Studies), Cohort Analysis,...
This statistical compendium examines, firstly, vocational education and training (VET) students with a disability as a whole group, focusing on their participation levels, achievements and outcomes from VET, and identifies gaps and/or issues with the existing data. This is followed by a section dealing with people with different types of disabilities and a conclusion. The appendix contains detailed profiles, which can stand alone as fact sheets, for each disability type: physical disability,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Vocational Education, Job Training, Physical Disabilities, Mental Disorders, Learning...
This research aims at examining the relationships among unethical computer usage behavior and the personality characteristics of locus of control, adjustment to social norms, antisocial tendency, and aggression on Turkish university students. The research was applied to 217 university students. Data were collected through Unethical Computer Using Behavior Scale, Hacettepe Personality Inventory, Rotter's Internal-External Locus of Scale, and Aggression Scale. Data analysis was carried out by...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Locus of Control, Ethics, Norms, Structural Equation Models, Personality, Behavior...
In 2009, the authors surveyed a population of 1,588 persons who work in three types of early childhood infrastructure organizations in California--child care resource and referral programs, local First 5 commissions and as child care coordinators. All of these infrastructure organizations receive public dollars and at least one of each type is found in every county of the state. In reflecting upon their findings, the authors noted how this sector of the early care and education workforce is...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Child Care, Early Childhood Education, Labor Force, Employees, Coordinators,...
Multiple intelligence is the theory that "people are smart in more ways than one has immense implication for educators". Howard Gardner proposed a new view of intelligence that is rapidly being incorporated in school curricula. In his theory of Multiple Intelligences, Gardner expanded the concept of intelligence with such areas as music, spatial relations, and interpersonal knowledge in addition to mathematical and linguistic ability. This article discusses on the intelligences, the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Multiple Intelligences, Educational Strategies, Teaching Methods, Educational...
The purpose of the study was to reveal the cognitive characteristics of talented children who come from economically vulnerable contexts in Chile. Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices (SPM) was administered to a sample of 5,160 students who took part in the process of identification of gifted students from the program PENTA UC in Chile between 2001 and 2010, when the participants were in the fifth grade. Results showed that there is a possible ceiling effect in SPM and thus Advanced...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Cognitive Ability, Individual Characteristics, Academically Gifted, Economically...
This study investigated whether a disabled person's predisposition to technology use can be assessed in order to optimize the match of person with technological aids. Subjects, most with cerebral palsy, spinal cord injury, or deafness, were assessed with newly developed instruments and interviewed. Subjects were determined to be either technology users or technology non-users. In general, the use of technologies depended on each individual's unique background especially characteristics of the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adults, Assistive Devices (for Disabled), Cerebral Palsy, Deafness, Disabilities,...
This paper reviews research on social competence in young children, outlining nine factors that influence the development of social competence. These are: (1) positive self-esteem; (2) a positive attitude; (3) active participation; (4) respect for others; (5) effective communication skills; (6) problem-solving ability; (7) an outgoing personality; (8) an ability to meet group and individual needs; and (9) a sense of optimism. Ten family factors were also found to have a significant influence on...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Early Childhood Education, Educational Environment, Family Environment, Family Role,...
This paper discusses the importance of considering the social context in which an instructional product will be used during the development process. It is contended that traditional instructional product development models are inadequate because they ignore social context. The use of inadequate traditional design models results in the development of instructional products that may be instructionally effective, but that are not desirable to potential adopters. Two emerging theories, Adoption...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adoption (Ideas), Individual Characteristics, Instructional Design, Instructional...
