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This specification establishes the performance, design, development, and verification requirements for the Space Station Furnace Facility (SSFF) Core. The definition of the SSFF Core and its interfaces, specifies requirements for the SSFF Core performance, specifies requirements for the SSFF Core design, and construction are presented, and the verification requirements are established.
Topics: LASER RANGE FINDERS, TRANSLATING, LASER RANGER/TRACKER, LASER TARGETS, RADAR TARGETS, RANGEFINDING,...
During the period 17 October to 04 November 1994, an experiment was conducted by the U.S. Coast Guard Research and Development (R&D) Center to evaluate the effectiveness of a laser illuminator when conducting nighttime searches using night vision goggles (NVGs) onboard HH-60J helicopters. Two helicopters were used to search for 18- and 21-foot small boats, 6- and 10-person life rafts, and simulated persons-in-the-water (PIWs). One of the HH-60J helicopters was fitted with laser illuminator;...
Topics: DTIC Archive, McClay, T. E., ANALYSIS AND TECHNOLOGY INC NEW LONDON CT, *NIGHT VISION DEVICES,...
The advanced video guidance sensor was tested in the X-Ray Calibration facility at Marshall Space Flight Center to establish performance during vacuum. Two sensors were tested and a timeline for each are presented. The sensor and test facility are discussed briefly. A new test stand was also developed. A table establishing sensor bias and spot size growth for several ranges is detailed along with testing anomalies.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), TEST FACILITIES, GUIDANCE SENSORS, INFRARED IMAGERY, VIDEO...
Determination of the elemental composition of lunar, asteroid, and planetary surfaces is a major concern for science and resource utilization of space. The science associated with the development of a satellite or lunar rover laser-mass spectrometer instrument is presented here. The instrument would include a pulsed laser with sufficient energy to create a plasma on a remote surface. Ions ejected from this plasma travel back to the spacecraft or rover, where they are analyzed by a...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ASTEROIDS, CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, LASER PLASMA INTERACTIONS,...
The invention relates generally to systems for determining the range of an object from a reference point and, in one embodiment, to laser-directed ranging systems useful in telerobotics applications. Digital processing techniques are employed which minimize the complexity and cost of the hardware and software for processing range calculations, thereby enhancing the commercial attractiveness of the system for use in relatively low-cost robotic systems. The system includes a video camera for...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), RANGEFINDING, TELEROBOTICS, LASER RANGE FINDERS, CAMERAS,...
Horizontal variations in the atmospheric refractivity are a limiting error source for many precise laser and radio space geodetic techniques. This experiment was designed to directly measure horizontal variations in atmospheric refractivity, for the first time, by using 2 color laser ranging measurements to an aircraft. The 2 color laser system at the Goddard Optical Research Facility (GORF) ranged to a cooperative laser target package on a T-39 aircraft. Circular patterns which extended from...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ATMOSPHERIC REFRACTION, COLOR, GEODESY, LASER RANGE FINDERS,...
Techniques have been developed to improve the uniformity of the laser focal profile to reduce the ablative Rayleigh Taylor instability, and to suppress the various laser plasma instabilities. There are now three ignition target design concepts that utilize these techniques. Evaluation of these designs is still ongoing. Some of them may achieve the gains above 100 that are necessary for a fusion reactor. Two laser systems have been proposed that may meet all of the requirements for a fusion...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Bodner, Stephen E., NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC, *RAYLEIGH TAYLOR INSTABILITY,...
Testing directed energy weapons (DEWs) represents a special challenge to the 21st Century tester. Continuing research and development of lasers and high-power microwave devices drives a need for the test community to create the test technology needed to evaluate these new devices. As in other types of weaponry, the tester must devise testing procedures for the two aspects (1) measuring the effects of the weapons directed against a threat target, and (2) measuring the resistive characteristics...
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY TEST AND EVALUATION COMMAND ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD, *LASER WEAPONS, *WEAPONS...
Topics covered include: Reversible Chemochromic Hydrogen Detectors; Determining Trajectory of Triboelectrically Charged Particles, Using Discrete Element Modeling; Using Indium Tin Oxide To Mitigate Dust on Viewing Ports; High-Performance Polyimide Powder Coatings; Controlled-Release Microcapsules for Smart Coatings for Corrosion Applications; Aerocoat 7 Replacement Coatings; Photocatalytic Coatings for Exploration and Spaceport Design; New Materials for the Repair of Polyimide Electrical Wire...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CALIBRATING, ACOUSTIC VELOCITY, AEROSPACE ENGINEERING,...
Recent improvements in the accuracy of modern satellite laser ranging (SLR) systems are strengthened by the new capability of many instruments to track an increasing number of geodetic satellite targets without significant scheduling conflict. This will allow the refinement of some geophysical parameters, such as solid Earth tidal effects and GM, and the improved temporal resolution of others, such as Earth orientation and station position. Better time resolution for the locations of fixed...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CALIBRATING, GEODETIC SATELLITES, LASER RANGE FINDERS,...
The Passive Aerodynamically Stabilized Magnetically Damped Satellite (PAMS) will be deployed from the Space Shuttle and used as a target for a Shuttle-mounted laser. It will be a cylindrical satellite with several corner cube reflectors on the ends. The center of mass of the cylinder will be near one end, and aerodynamic torques will tend to align the axis of the cylinder with the spacecraft velocity vector. Magnetic hysteresis rods will be used to provide passive despin and oscillation-damping...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AERODYNAMIC STABILITY, ALGORITHMS, APPROXIMATION, BOUNDARY...
Inertial confinement fusion (ICF) targets are made as simple flat discs, as hollow shells or as complicated multilayer structures. Many techniques were devised for producing the targets. Glass and metal shells are made by using drop and bubble techniques. Solid hydrogen shells are also produced by adapting old methods to the solution of modern problems. Some of these techniques, problems, and solutions are discussed. In addition, the applications of many of the techniques to fabrication of ICF...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), DROPS (LIQUIDS), FLUID DYNAMICS, HEMISPHERICAL SHELLS,...
A system for generating a frequency modulated linear laser waveform includes a single frequency laser generator to produce a laser output signal. An electro-optical modulator modulates the frequency of the laser output signal to define a linear triangular waveform. An optical circulator passes the linear triangular waveform to a band-pass optical filter to filter out harmonic frequencies created in the waveform during modulation of the laser output signal, to define a pure filtered modulated...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), FREQUENCY MODULATION, WAVEFORMS, LASER OUTPUTS,...
The configuration of liquid hydrogen inside spherical glass shell ICF target was studied both theoretically and experimentally. Because of the zero contact angle between the .D2 liquid and glass substrate and the limited wetting surface that is continuous, the liquid hydrogen completely covers the interior of the glass shell, resulting in the formation of a void at the center. For this reason, the present problem distinguishes itself from that for a sessile drop sitting on a flat surface. A...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION, LASER TARGETS, LIQUID FILLED...
Future technologies may allow a direct reduction of core entities or centers of gravity on an operating air base. Reducing the core entities has a direct impact on base defense. As fewer things become critical for sustained operations defending them becomes easier. Further, there is a direct synergism in operability and defense. The same technologies that improve operability by making it easier to complete the mission or by reducing the cost of doing business also reduce the number of core...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Mayes, M S, AIR COMMAND AND STAFF COLL MAXWELL AFB AL, *ROBOTICS, *DEFENSE SYSTEMS,...
Lidar is a useful tool for taking metrology measurements without the need for physical contact with the parts under test. Lidar instruments are aimed at a target using azimuth and elevation stages, then focus a beam of coherent, frequency modulated laser energy onto the target, such as the surface of a mechanical structure. Energy from the reflected beam is mixed with an optical reference signal that travels in a fiber path internal to the instrument, and the range to the target is calculated...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), OPTICAL RADAR, OPTICAL MEASUREMENT, METROLOGY, RADAR...
The effects of the airborne environment on a pointing and tracking system using a turret external to an aircraft are summarized. The data covered a series of flight tests and a span of seven years. The two major airborne effects were shown to be direct pressure loading of optical elements and vibrations of the entire turret. The direct optical loading problem was minimized by fence designs for the turret.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AIRBORNE EQUIPMENT, AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES, ATMOSPHERIC EFFECTS,...
Applications of bubble and drop technologies are discussed and include: low gravity manufacturing, containerless melts, microballoon fabrication, ink printers, laser fusion targets, generation of organic glass and metal shells, and space processing. The fluid dynamics of bubbles and drops were examined. Thermomigration, capillary flow, and interfacial tension are discussed. Techniques for drop control are presented and include drop size control and drop shape control.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), BUBBLES, CONFERENCES, DROPS (LIQUIDS), FLUID DYNAMICS, FLUID...
One type of arms control agreement limits the possession or use of specific kinds of weapons--such agreements are called qualitative arms control. Placing numerical limits on arsenals is more common quantitive arms control. This paper examines the history of qualitative arms control in the twentieth century, and discusses some theoretical analyses of the conditions necessary for successful arms control negotiations. Laser weapons, which are emerging as a matter of international concern, are...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Mastroianni, George R, LETTERMAN ARMY INST OF RESEARCH PRESIDIO OF SAN FRANCISCO CA,...
Effect of Niobium substitution at the copper site in YBa2Cu3O(7-x) was studied in thin film form. The films were deposited by laser ablation technique using the targets of the YBa2Cu(3-x)Nb(x)O(y) where x = 0.0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 and 1.0 under identical deposition conditions on SrTiO3 (100) substrates. Films were characterized by XRD, resistivity, I-V and J(sub c) measurements. Films made from x = 0.025 and 0.05 concentrations of Nb substituted targets showed relatively improved...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), BARIUM OXIDES, COPPER OXIDES, DIFFRACTION PATTERNS,...
A laser docking sensor study is currently in the third year of development. The design concept is considered to be validated. The concept is based on using standard radar techniques to provide range, velocity, and bearing information. Multiple targets are utilized to provide relative attitude data. The design requirements were to utilize existing space-qualifiable technology and require low system power, weight, and size yet, operate from 0.3 to 150 meters with a range accuracy greater than 3...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ATTITUDE (INCLINATION), LASER TARGETS, RADAR TARGETS,...
Measurements were made of the reflectivities of some 'typical' laser rangefinder target materials by two methods and at two wavelengths. The first method involved the measurement of the return signal strength in laser rangefinders operating on targets in the field with allowance for the geometry of the target. The second method employed a spectrophotometer in the laboratory to find the diffuse reflectivity of material samples. Some interpretation of the results is given, including especially...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Payne, M J, ROYAL SIGNALS AND RADAR ESTABLISHMENT MALVERN (UNITED KINGDOM), *LASER...
The formation of extended p-n junctions in semiconductors by drop migration, mechanisms and morphologies of migrating drops and bubbles in solids and nucleation and corrections to the Volmer-Weber equations are discussed. Bubble shrinkage in the processing of glass, the formation of glass microshells as laser-fusion targets, and radiation-induced voids in nuclear reactors were examined.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), BUBBLE TECHNIQUE, BUBBLES, DROPS (LIQUIDS), TECHNOLOGY...
The propagation of electromagnetic radiation through the atmosphere is a crucial aspect of laser target acquisition and surveillance systems and is vital to the effective implementation of some Theater Missile Defense systems. Atmospheric turbulence degrades the image or laser beam quality along an optical path. During the past decade, the U.S. Air Force's Geophysics Directorate of Phillips Laboratory collected high speed differential temperature measurements of the atmospheric temperature...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Roper, Daniel S, NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA, *OPTICAL DETECTION,...
The principal technical challenge in designing a millimeter accuracy satellite to support two color observations at high altitudes is to provide high optical cross-section simultaneously with minimal pulse spreading. In order to address this issue, we provide, a brief review of some fundamental properties of optical retroreflectors when used in spacecraft target arrays, develop a simple model for a spherical geodetic satellite, and use the model to determine some basic design criteria for a new...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), COLOR, GEODESY, GEODETIC SATELLITES, LASER RANGE FINDERS,...
Lidar systems using atmospheric aerosols as targets exhibit return signal amplitude and power fluctuations which indicate speckle effects. The effects of refractive turbulence along the path on the aerosol speckle field propagation and on the decorrelation time are studied for coherent pulsed lidar systems.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AEROSOLS, ATMOSPHERIC TURBULENCE, CARBON DIOXIDE LASERS,...
In the course of performing lethality assessments for the Defense Nuclear Agency Single Pulse Laser Lethality and Target Hardening (LTH-3) Program, it is necessary to consistently combine many sources of uncertainty which contribute to the overall uncertainty associated with algorithms used in modelling laser interaction and target response. A computer code called BETAFACT was developed to perform this task. A Monte Carlo approach is used in BETAFACT to develop an algorithm results distribution...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Sutherland, Stephen H, APTEK INC COLORADO SPRINGS CO, *STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, *LASER...
This paper reports on the retroreflector ground-target design for the GLRS-R spaceborne dual-wavelength laser ranging system. The described passive design flows down from the requirements of high station autonomy, high global FOV (up to 60 degrees zenith angle), little or no multiple pulse returns, and adequate optical cross section for most ranging geometries. The proposed solution makes use of 5 hollow cube-corner retroreflectors of which one points to the zenith and the remaining four are...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), LASER RANGE FINDERS, LASER TARGETS, PERFORMANCE PREDICTION,...
The three most common types of laser target ranging (time-of-flight, tone modulated, and FM-CW) are discussed in terms of principle of operation. The first, time-of-flight, is shown to depend more on the ability of support electronics than the fundamentals of the concept. Examples in the literature are cited to show the remarkably good performance of time-of-flight systems. A system developed in Finland was shown to have an incremental ranging capability of a few millimeters. The system is not...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), LASER RANGE FINDERS, LASER RANGER/TRACKER, LASER TARGETS,...
A laser target reflector assembly for mounting upon spacecraft having a long-range reflector array formed from a plurality of unfiltered light reflectors embedded in an array pattern upon a hemispherical reflector disposed upon a mounting plate. The reflector assembly also includes a short-range reflector array positioned upon the mounting body proximate to the long-range reflector array. The short-range reflector array includes three filtered light reflectors positioned upon extensions from...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), GUIDANCE SENSORS, LASER TARGETS, ORBITAL RENDEZVOUS,...
A lot of tests and experiments have been made in Graz during the last 2 years to increase performance and accuracy; using the SPAD from the Prag group as receiver, we have reached now about 5 mm RMS from the calibration target, and about 8 mm RMS from ERS1 and STARLETTE. In addition, by routinely using the semitrain, the number of returns has been increased significantly for most satellites.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ACCURACY, CALIBRATING, LASER RANGE FINDERS, RANGEFINDING,...
Highly-uniform, hollow glass spheres (shells), which are used for inertial confinement fusion targets, were formed from metal-organic gel powder feedstock in a vertical furnace. As a result of the rapid pyrolysis caused by the furnace, the gel is transformed to a shell in five distinct stages: (a) surface closure of the porous gel; (b) generation of a closed-cell foam structure in the gel; (c) spheridization of the gel and further expansion of the foam; (d) coalescence of the closed-cell foam...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), GLASS, LASER TARGETS, LOW GRAVITY MANUFACTURING, SPACE...
(PALS) is a combination of laser ranging, video imaging, positioning, and data-processing subsystems designed for measuring the heights of forest canopies along linear transects from tens to thousands of kilometers long. Unlike prior laser ranging systems designed to serve the same purpose, the PALS is not restricted to use aboard a single aircraft of a specific type: the PALS fits into two large suitcases that can be carried to any convenient location, and the PALS can be installed in almost...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CANOPIES (VEGETATION), DISPLAY DEVICES, LASER RANGING,...
Mortars and rockets are common weapons confronting U.S. troops abroad. Insurgents fire the inexpensive projectiles into populated areas, intending to kill or injure service members and to inflict physical damage. While kinetic solutions like guns and missile interceptors are used to counter rockets and mortars, laser counter rocket, artillery, and mortar (C-RAM) systems present a promising solution to counter these challenging threats in the near future. Scientists and engineers at the Naval...
Topics: DTIC Archive, NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CENTER DAHLGREN DIV VA, *ARTILLERY ROCKETS, *LASER...
The introduction of time resolved observations can provide a very penetrating tool in the practice of laser fluorosensing. The investigations have demonstrated a relevance of multispectral, time resolved analysis for oil fingerprinting. By comparative studies on a variety of crude oils and their most significant fractions, it was found that the process of time decay in a composite oil is characterized by a few steps, which are associated with specific components in the medium light range. The...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), LASER INDUCED FLUORESCENCE, LASER TARGETS, OIL SLICKS,...
The MLRS has experienced excellent success in its lunar and artificial satellite laser ranging operations during its many years of operation, in spite of its relatively small 'receive' aperture. We continue to strive, however, for a greater volume of data, together with better accuracy and precision. We have just now completed the design, construction, and implementation of a computer controlled x-y offset guiding stage for the MLRS, analogous to the manual one that had been a part of the...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), LASER RANGE FINDERS, NUMERICAL CONTROL, OBSERVATORIES,...
Response of a shock front to small pre-shock non-uniformities of density, pressure and velocity is studied theoretically and numerically. These pre-shock nonuniformities emulate imperfections of a laser target, due either to its manufacturing, like joints or feeding tubes, or to pre-shock perturbation seeding/growth, as well as density fluctuations in foam targets, thermal layers near heated surfaces, etc. Similarly to the shock-wave interaction with a small non-uniformity localized at a...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Velikovich, A L, NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC PLASMA PHYSICS DIV,...
Testing of the Advanced Video Guidance Sensor (AVGS) used for proximity operations navigation on the Orbital Express ASTRO spacecraft exposed several unanticipated imaging system artifacts and aberrations that required correction to meet critical navigation performance requirements. Mitigation actions are described for a number of system error sources, including lens aberration, optical train misalignment, laser speckle, target image defects, and detector nonlinearity/noise characteristics....
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), SPACE NAVIGATION, GUIDANCE SENSORS, NOISE MEASUREMENT,...
The device and associated analysis methodology summarized in this report were developed for the purpose of estimating the size of discontinuities in the surface of the foam that covers the Space Shuttle External Tank. These surface offsets are thought to be due to subsurface cracks in the foam insulation. The mathematical analysis and procedure described here provide a method to quantity the dimensions of the crack offset in a direction perpendicular to the surface, making use of the projected...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CRACKS, EXTERNAL TANKS, LASER TARGETS, IMAGE ANALYSIS, SPACE...
The airborne laser ranging system is a multibeam short pulse laser ranging system on board an aircraft. It simultaneously measures the distances between the aircraft and six laser retroreflectors (targets) deployed on the Earth's surface. The system can interrogate over 100 targets distributed over an area of 25,000 sq, kilometers in a matter of hours. Potentially, a total of 1.3 million individual range measurements can be made in a six hour flight. The precision of these range measurements is...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AIRBORNE EQUIPMENT, EARTH CRUST, GEODYNAMICS, LASER RANGE...
Algorithms have been developed using Monte Carlo techniques to determine the thermal network parameters necessary to perform a finite difference analysis on Combinatorial Solid Geometry (CSG) models. Orbital and laser fluxes as well as internal heat generation are modeled to facilitate satellite modeling. The results of the thermal calculations are used to model the infrared (IR) images of targets and assess target vulnerability. Sample analyses and validation are presented which demonstrate...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), COMBINATORIAL ANALYSIS, COMPUTER PROGRAMS, INFRARED IMAGERY,...
Interference in a reflected beam of monochromatic light from a linearly polarized helium-neon laser was used to determine the dew point and deposition rate of B2O3 on a heated platinum target. Preliminary results at different BCl3 seed levels, except for one flow velocity and equivalence ratio (.813) are presented and discussed. Alkali chloride reactions with atomic oxygen were also investigated. Readily detectable Na*(g) and K*(g) - atoms were observed in emission at 589 nm, 766nm, 796nm,...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), COMBUSTION PRODUCTS, DEPOSITION, HOT CORROSION, REACTION...
The feedout process transfers mass perturbations from the rear to the front surface of a driven target, producing the seed for the Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) instability growth. The feedout mechanism is investigated analytically and numerically for the case of perturbation wavelength comparable to or less than the shock-compressed target thickness. The lateral mass flow in the target leads to oscillations of the initial mass non-uniformity before the reflected rippled rarefaction wave breaks out,...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Velikovich, Alexander L, NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC, *HYDRODYNAMICS, *LASER...
Perturbations that seed Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) instability in laser-driven targets form during the early-time period. This time includes a shock wave transit from the front to the rear surface of the target, and a rarefaction wave transit in the opposite direction. During this time interval, areal mass perturbations caused by all sources of nonuniformity (laser imprint, surface ripple) are expected to oscillate. The first direct experimental observations of the areal mass oscillations due to...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Aglitskiy, Y, SCIENCE APPLICATIONS INTERNATIONAL CORP MCLEAN VA, *INSTABILITY, *LASER...
Quantitative lidar measurements of aerosol scattering are hampered by the need for calibrations and the problem of correcting observed backscatter profiles for the effects of attenuation. The University of Wisconsin High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL) addresses these problems by separating molecular scattering contributions from the aerosol scattering; the molecular scattering is then used as a calibration target that is available at each point in the observed profiles. While the HSRl...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AEROSOLS, DIFFERENTIAL ABSORPTION LIDAR, BACKSCATTERING,...
This report estimates the impact of Raman restrictions and shielding penalties separately and together. Its goal is an overall assessment of likely impact rather than a review of the details of missile trajectories, Raman physics, and shielding techniques, whose individual treatments matter less than their overall integration. Raman scattering could produce a factor of 2-3 reduction on the performance of repetitive pulse lasers with large fluences in each small pulse. Radiofrequency free...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Canavan, Gregory H., LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LAB NM, *PULSED LASERS, *FREE ELECTRON...
We have designed and built a high precision computer controlled materials synthesis and analysis vacuum apparatus which will enable state-of-the-art control for both micro-machining and inspection as well as thin film synthesis when interfaced to our University's Ti-sapphire femtosecond laser. The majority of the machining of this apparatus had to be performed at a company who has had difficulties with meeting schedules due to probable downsizing issues. This has left our project seriously...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Clayton, Clive R, STATE UNIV OF NEW YORK AT STONY BROOK DEPT OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND...
The Threat Oriented Survivability Optimization Model (TOSOM) treats multiple countermeasures as independent operators without either synergistic or anti-synergistic effects. This is accomplished simply by: Effectiveness (CM total) = 1 - ((1 - Eff(CM1)) x (1 - Eff(CM2) x (1 - Eff(CM3)) x ... x (1 - Eff(CMn)). While this methodology may be appropriate for some countermeasure combinations such as false target generator and Active Protection Systems, it is not for such combinations as a false...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Hicks, Daniel, ARMY TANK-AUTOMOTIVE AND ARMAMENTS COMMAND WARREN MI, *THREATS,...
The first observations of the interaction of the Richtmyer-Meshkov (RM) instability with reflected shock and rarefaction waves in laser-driven targets are reported. The RM growth is started by a shock wave incident upon a rippled interface between low-density foam and solid plastic. Subsequent interaction of secondary rarefaction and/or shock waves arriving from the ablation front and the rear surface of the target with the RM-unstable interface stops the perturbation growth and reverses its...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Aglitskiy, Y, NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC PLASMA PHYSICS DIV, *PLANAR...
A technician who lead a successful team of scientists, engineers, and other technicians in the design, fabrication, and characterization of cryogenic retroreflectors for the NASA Cassini/Composite Infrared Spectrometer (CIRS) mission to Saturn, developed a hollow retroreflector technology while working at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. With 16 years of NASA experience, the technician teamed up with another NASA colleague and formed PROSystems, Inc., of Sharpsburg, Maryland, to provide the...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), FABRICATION, FLAT SURFACES, GLASS, INFRARED SPECTROMETERS,...
