An attempt to identify methods of human resource management that emerge as schools and classrooms become more effective, this literature review emphasizes the importance of administrator "support functions," which include feedback to teachers, monitoring of teacher and student performance, incentives for teachers, and visible commitment to change. A brief introductory section describes current research findings on the actual situation in schools today, with a focus on factors serving...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Administrator Role, Change Strategies, Economically Disadvantaged, Educational...
This paper examines the research from within and outside of higher education on the practices of high-performance organizations. It assesses the extent to which community colleges generally are following these practices and evaluates current reform efforts in light of models of organizational effectiveness that emerge from the research literature. It then reviews research on strategies for engaging faculty and staff in organizational innovation and describes particular challenges community...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Community Colleges, Effective Schools Research, Organizational Effectiveness,...
The purpose of this study is to determine the challenges school principals facing in the context of technology leadership. This is a qualitative case study guided by the National Educational Technology Standards for Administrators (NETS*A). Six elementary school principals working in a large city in southeastern Turkey participated into the study. The data were collected through face-to-face interviews via a semi-structured interview protocol. The data collection tool was developed through...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, Principals, Semi Structured Interviews, Validity, Reliability,...
Based on a review of the literature dealing with management in higher education, this five-part monograph examines the concept of educational productivity and explores its applications in community college administration. Part I presents an operational definition for "management," and discusses five components of the management task: planning, organizing, directing, coordinating departmental efforts, and controlling. The concepts of organizational "efficiency" and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Accountability, Administrative Organization, Administrators, Budgeting, College...
This is the third review of data on the retention and tenure of California Community College (CCC) district CEOs (which includes chancellors and superintendent/presidents). The review indicates that (1) length of service levels are continuing to remain slightly higher (5.5 years) since their lows of 4.4 years in the initial study in 1995 and 1996; (2) the annual turnover rates were below the national average until 2001, when increasing numbers of CEOs began to retire and the average turnover...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Administrative Organization, College Presidents, Community Colleges, Gender Issues,...
The purpose of these guidelines is to help the reader organize and lead a study circle--a participatory, democratic discussion group that focuses on a social or political issue. It provides detailed instructions on how to organize and lead a successful study circle. Following the introduction, section 2 focuses on the role of the organizer and makes suggestions for creating the study circle: select or develop the written material, recruit 5-20 participants, select the leader, organize the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Education, Citizenship Education, Discussion Groups, Group Dynamics, Leaders,...
A man's self-interest cannot be determined by blind desires or random whims, feelings, urges, or wishes. His interest must be discovered and achieved by the guidance of rational principles that he chooses for himself. This selfishness is man's way to individual triumph over hardships. It is a virtue. Man must be guided by his own independent judgment. The educational leader does not act on what he perceives but operates from rational decisions and becomes the beneficiary of his own actions. All...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Altruism, Decision Making, Instructional Leadership, Leadership Qualities, Leadership...
Information overload, and an expectation that e-mails, tweets, and text messages will be answered immediately, impact productivity. The younger, information-addicted workers have a greater capacity to process this open floodgate of information, as well as a better ability to multitask. Research suggests that there is a marked drop in worker productivity because of e-mail, phone, and social networking interruptions. A study by Intel (Zeldes, 2007) found it took people an average of 25 minutes to...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Productivity, Electronic Mail, Family Relationship, Program Effectiveness, Computer...
Major issues of two mini-conferences for business/labor/industry community representatives with extensive experience and involvement in career education are reported in this monograph. Focus is on recognizing and utilizing community resources that now exist and moving actively toward building new community resources. To this end, the monograph describes the principle of collaboration in career education and delineates the major kinds of career education activities calling for collaborative...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Agency Role, Career Education, Community Organizations, Community Resources,...
The role of a state education agency (SEA) in the development of a program for international community education is analyzed. The task of this paper is perceived to be linking the human condition internationally with the concept of community education. Community education, as presented here, engages the public in determining the role that schools play in solving individual and community problems. Roles and functions of the SEA are no longer limited to traditional tasks; rather, national trends...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Agency Role, Community, Community Education, Community Involvement, Elementary...
More than any other group of stakeholders, business leaders are aware that this country's ability to remain competitive in a global, technology-based economy is ever more closely tied to its ability to produce more and better prepared college graduates. Graduating more students from various backgrounds who are well prepared to meet the social, civic and economic challenges of the future is a national priority. Every college and university can improve its graduation rates and enhance the quality...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Graduation Rate, Academic Achievement, College Graduates, Educational Practices,...
Higher education is in the midst of a deep financial crisis, and the failure of governing boards to focus on academic programs is arguably the single greatest cause of overspending. This brochure shows trustees both why and how to prioritize academic programs. All too often, attempts to reduce expenses have concentrated on the administrative side of the budget, and academic matters have been considered the sole province of the faculty. But the future of colleges and universities may well depend...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Higher Education, Educational Finance, College Faculty, Governing Boards, College...
Teachers can take effective schoolwide leadership roles if the principal encourages each teacher to take responsibility for an aspect of school life that the individual teacher cares strongly about. Such opportunities to engage in school leadership are attractive for teachers because (1) they offer possibilities for improving teaching conditions; (2) they replace the solitary authority of the principal with a collective authority; (3) they provide a constructive format in which the school's...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Administrator Role, Leadership, Leadership Responsibility, Organizational Climate,...
After a brief review of the position of women in educational administration, the Commissioner examines the role of leadership in encouraging change and improvement. Administrators have a particularly sensitive and demanding role as working partners with teachers and the community. The Office of Education is moving to give school districts a major role in staff development and the preparation of teaching personnel. The teacher can no longer be required to conform to a preconceived pattern, and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Administrator Role, Career Education, Educational Improvement, Leadership...
The responsibilities of the business department chairperson at Castleton State College were assessed. A literature review included the area of organizational structures of academic institutions, and key faculty members and administrators at the college were interviewed to identify the key issues and problems of organizational structures and job responsibility at the college. Pertinent documents were also reviewed. It is suggested that the departmental chairperson structure at the college is a...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Administrator Responsibility, Administrators, Business Administration Education,...
While literature abounds on the experience of the adolescent in the "coming out" process and the impact that the event has on the family system, few interventions that are designed specifically to assist parents have been proposed. Parents of lesbian, gay, and bisexual adolescents face challenges that they may never have anticipated and, therefore, require special kinds of support resources as well as factual, nonbiased information. A parent-specific psychoeducational group...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Homosexuality, Sexual Orientation, Sexual Identity, Adolescents, Parents,...
According to the latest federal guidelines, all projects requesting funding must include the following program features: a systematic plan to eliminate existing sex bias and sex-role stereotyping and to avoid introducing these elements, a third-party objective evaluation of the program's learner benefits, and a strong emphasis on sex-fair guidance, counseling, placement, and followup services. Three articles that can help prepare educational leaders to deal with the federal guidelines include...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Administrator Role, Educational Administration, Evaluation Methods, Federal Programs,...
This publication offers guidelines for establishing and operating advisory committees for career education, elementary grades through community college. Each of the four chapters included in this guide contains key concepts and step-by-step checklists. Focusing on the functions of the advisory committee, chapter 1 discusses the following topics: reasons for establishing an advisory group; role of advisory council for total school programs; role of advisory committee for individual career...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Activities, Administrator Guides, Advisory Committees, Career Education, Cooperative...
Perhaps the most ambitious example of the way in which flexibility and accountability have been brought together can be found in the State Flex and Local Flex demonstration programs. Although no additional resources are provided to participating states and districts, the enhanced flexibility granted under State Flex and Local Flex allows participating agencies to consolidate a potentially large body of existing federal funds and to use those funds for any educational purpose authorized by the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Federal Legislation, Grants, Educational Technology, Educational Improvement,...
This document, which is a general survey of recent developments in faculty collective bargaining, reports on: the extent of collective bargaining and its projected growth in the next two or three years; the patterns of faculty bargaining in the various states; governance; faculty senates; collective bargaining; and student involvement in the collective bargaining process. Some observations are that: faculty collective bargaining is primarily a phenomenon of the public sector of higher...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Collective Bargaining, Governance, Higher Education, Leadership Responsibility,...
To develop and implement diversity initiatives in the university community requires the effective implementation of initiatives in many areas. Diversity leaders should be cognizant of institutional values and attitudes and the vision espoused by the university's president. The diversity leader should inform the university community about opportunities to diversify the workforce. Diversifying the student population will require effective student recruitment and retention, financial resources to...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Change Strategies, Cultural Differences, Cultural Pluralism, Diversity...
Hampered by budget restrictions and looked to for innovations to influence national economics, postsecondary educational leaders should not overlook an obvious responsibility: articulation of programs with the secondary systems to counteract youthful unemployment, a problem whose magnitude statistics reveal. A continuum of education without unnecessary duplication of instruction or delay in students' attainment of career objectives must be developed, for educational separatism has reached a...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Accountability, Administrator Role, Admission (School), Articulation (Education),...
A speech on the main purpose of the university, particularly with respect to its relation to the working class, is presented. It is pointed out that this purpose should be to serve the community in the true sense of the word. In Africa, today, there is a race between education and economic and social catastrophe. The training function of universities with particular reference to updating and upgrading skills and knowledge of the entire national work force at all levels is important. Problems to...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Education, Adult Educators, Change Agents, College Role, Cultural Enrichment,...
The process of university leadership is examined in terms of (1) the development of more sophisticated models of the kind of organization a university is, and (2) the development of more precise delineations of the nature of the multiple leadership tasks that must be performed in a university setting. The university is viewed as an "organized anarchy," characterized by problematic goals, unclear technology, and fluid participation. It is suggested that the job of developing managers...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Accountability, Administrative Organization, Administrative Policy, Collective...
The "Leadership Continuum" model developed in 1961 by R. Tannenbaum, I. Weschler, and F. Massarik clearly illustrates the ideas that management scholars like Frederick Taylor, V. A. Graicunas, James Worthy, Rensis Likert, and Frederick Thayer have posited concerning span of control and organizational structure. Each of these scholars fits at some point on the "leadership continuum" scale. The model (the underlying assumption of which is that leadership is not always centered...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Administrator Effectiveness, Communication Research, Decision Making, Employer...
This volume combines two separately published documents, an instructor's guide and a student reference for a course on leadership and personal development. Each document consists of 3 units containing 17 lessons. Following acknowledgments, a foreword, table of contents, and student evaluation sheet are the three units: (1) Leadership I; (2) Leadership II; and (3) Leadership and Personal Development for Advanced Students. Introductory sections of the instructor guide discuss objectives,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Agricultural Education, Competency Based Education, Decision Making, Employment...
Arguing that Canadian colleges and institutes will be increasingly invited to provide strong leadership in their communities at educational, cultural, economic, and social levels, this paper discusses the conditions that will promote the growth of leadership in Canada's colleges and institutes and identifies ways that managers, teachers, students, and citizens can promote this growth. The paper begins by discussing the position held and role played by school in society now and in the past, and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Community Colleges, Foreign Countries, Leadership Qualities, Leadership...
Discussions of teacher participation in the reform literature do not take into account the different meanings of the term, teacher participation. This paper uses a critical perspective to review the main approaches to teacher participation; to bring to light issues these approaches fail to address; and to offer alternatives. It is argued that calls for teacher empowerment and involvement have been framed almost exclusively in terms that advance management and administrative agendas for reform....
Topics: ERIC Archive, Administrator Attitudes, Collegiality, Elementary School Teachers, Elementary...
Effective-schools research has determined that successful schools are invariably led by a principal who is recognized as an instructional leader. This paper synthesizes and attempts to clarify the most recent perspectives on instructional leadership. Data sources included professional educational journals, trade books on leadership, and anthologies of articles written by professional educators. The paper defines instructional leadership and identifies the personal and professional...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Administrator Characteristics, Administrator Role, Elementary Secondary Education,...
This report examines the potential of Quality Management (QM) to enhance system change by analyzing its implementation in three suburban public school districts. The paper assessed the capacity of QM to increase the efficiency and productivity of the school districts, validated the potential to sustain systemic change in a school organization, and determined the capacity to meet the needs of other school districts. For the research, qualitative data from three school districts in the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Administrator Role, Change Strategies, Educational Change, Educational Improvement,...
This publication is aimed at middle managers in schools, colleges and other settings who have been given the responsibility for leading the transition from key skills to functional skills over the coming years. It provides an update on some of the developments with functional skills, explains some of the theory about leading from the middle, and gives practical advice on how to plan for the transition. Contents include: (1) Introduction; (2) Leading Change in Education; (3) Learning the Lessons...
Topics: ERIC Archive, School Administration, Administrator Role, Administrator Responsibility, Governance,...
This white paper was prepared at the request of the Advisory Committee to the Athletic Study Center as a result of their concern over poor graduation rates in football as released by the NCAA in 2012. The paper received extensive review by the members of that committee as well as several other knowledgeable faculty and senior administrators before it was forwarded to the University Athletics Board in late May, 2013. It is based on a larger project being conducted with the Regional Oral History...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Intercollegiate Cooperation, College Athletics, Team Sports, Interviews,...
It is not uncommon in many Australian primary schools for a teaching staff member to undertake the leadership or coordination of mathematics in his or her school. Some research (e.g., Cheeseman & Clarke, 2005) suggests that coordinators and leaders play an important role in the leadership and management of mathematics teaching and learning in primary schools. Contemporary Teaching and Learning of Mathematics (CTLM) was a research and professional development project designed and facilitated...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, Mathematics Instruction, Elementary School Mathematics, Faculty...
This article examines the ways that graduate courses in teacher leadership influenced the ways that teachers described the nature of leadership and their role as educational leaders. Using Foster's (1989) four demands for school leaders as a theoretical framework, participants' perceptions are examined to determine how teachers synthesized their learning in the graduate courses they took with their work in schools. The findings suggest the importance of purposefully designed teacher leader...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Graduate Study, Leadership Training, Teacher Leadership, Masters Programs, Leadership...
A 20-item questionnaire determined and compared attitudes of 996 public school teachers and administrators in 83 rural Tennessee counties concerning curriculum development, course content, school environment, individualized instruction, philosophical parameters, student evaluation, and extracurricular activities. Both teachers and administrators agreed that homework was necessary for good instructional programs, the main purpose of schools was to teach basic skills, materials should be selected...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Administrator Attitudes, Classroom Environment, Comparative Analysis, Course Content,...
This book reexamines the organizational experiences that bond teachers and administrators; reaffirms the enduring legacy that teachers, principals, and superintendents jointly inherited once they entered classrooms; and, finally, argues that reconstructing that sense of common purpose about the role of schooling is essential to improving what happens in classrooms and schools. The introduction presents the argument of the book: that schools as presently organized press teachers, principals, and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Administrator Role, Educational Administration, Elementary Secondary Education,...
This series of abstracts from the League for Innovation in the Community College and the Community College Leadership Program is published approximately bimonthly and distributed to the chief executive officer of every two-year college in the United States and Canada. Addressing a variety of topics of interest to community college administrators, this complete set of twenty-one issues for 1989 includes: (1) "Shared Vision and Staff Selection" (J. E. Roueche); (2) "Symbolism and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Administrator Effectiveness, Administrator Responsibility, Administrator Role, Change...
The term "servant leadership" involves putting people and ethical considerations intentionally ahead of short term institutional or personal self-interest. In the 1960s, Robert K. Greenleaf wrote the first of several books on servant leadership, arguing that institutions were both the glory and bane of modern society because they extended essential human services beyond the wealthy few, but also often behaved in unresponsive, bureaucratic, and destructive ways. The servant leader's...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Administrator Role, Community Colleges, Governing Boards, Institutional Advancement,...
This paper examines a Midwestern site of the National Writing Project for teachers, a professional development summer institute that fosters collaborative learning, increases teacher confidence and enthusiasm, and promotes reflection. The examination involves observations of and interviews with 19 Midwestern Writing Project (MWP) participants and field notes of daily activities. The paper analyzes how groups of people become learning communities, suggesting how educators might adapt such...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Collegiality, Constructivism (Learning), Higher Education, Inservice Teacher...
This document includes 10 issues of Leadership Abstracts (volume 6, 1993), a newsletter published by the League for Innovation in the Community College (California). The featured articles are: (1) "Reinventing Government" by David T. Osborne; (2) "Community College Workforce Training Programs: Expanding the Mission to Meet Critical Needs" by Brenda M. Beckman and Don Doucette; (3) "Positioning the Community College for Community Leadership" by Edgar J. Boone and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Community Colleges, Curriculum Development, Educational Assessment, Educational...
This report presents the results of a study that examined the role and activities of reform coaches. Positions for reform coaches have been developed in a number of schools and districts in the San Francisco Bay Area through the Bay Area School Reform Collaborative (BASRC). The study examined the reform coach role, the functions it provides to the system, and its potential as a capacity-building strategy. Three sets of questions guided the study. (1) What does the role of the reform coach look...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Change Agents, Change Strategies, Educational Change, Educational Improvement,...
Illinois community college presidents perceptions of leadership for creating or maintaining learning colleges and the influence gender may have on their perceptions are the major focus of this dissertation. The authors assert that little data exist as to how community college presidents view learning-centered practices of learning institutions and more specifically their institutional goal of becoming a learning college. This research attempts to identify the perceptions of Illinois community...
Topics: ERIC Archive, College Presidents, Community Colleges, Educational Environment, Leaders, Leadership...
Motivations of Maori heritage language learners are explored within this qualitative study. "Te reo" Maori (the Maori language) is currently classed as endangered (Reedy et al., 2011), which calls for the exploration of the motivational experiences of Maori heritage language learners. A total of 19 interviews with beginner, intermediate and advanced level learners were conducted. Results demonstrated how Maori heritage learners were motivated to learn due to their cultural heritage...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Heritage Education, Qualitative Research, Learning Motivation, Malayo Polynesian...
Many school leaders today, not to mention many teachers, view "accountability" as a loathsome political monster. Looming over educators, insensitive to the many problems they face, it wields the carrot of rewards in one hand and the club of sanctions in the other. Some educators even blame accountability for perverting their noble purposes, twisting their sensibilities, and corrupting their integrity. The No Child Left Behind (NCLB) accountability system seeks to improve all...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Instructional Leadership, Accountability, Federal Legislation, Educational...
This article explores the full-time clinical faculty position in selected educational leadership programs. Due to a gap in the literature, the need exists to engage in research studies to gain a greater understanding of this position. Questions guiding this study included: What is the experiential background of individuals who assume full-time clinical positions, and what factors influenced them to assume these positions? How have clinical positions been conceptualized within the overall...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Instructional Leadership, College Faculty, Qualitative Research, Educational...
The fundamental character of US colleges and universities is being changed by a variety of forces and pressures which have created a period of confusion, uncertainty, and alarm for many educators and policy-makers in higher education. The traditional principles and modes of institutional leadership are being challenged by forces from within and without higher education institutions. These forces often conflict with each other in struggles for power which negate simple solutions, but at the same...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Educational Objectives, Higher Education, Institutional Role, Leadership...
Equality of educational opportunity for children in Appalachia served as a guiding theme for the Sixth National Education Association National Conference on Human Rights in Education. Included in this conference report are a synopsis of selected comments made by conference speakers, brief descriptions of ongoing opportunity oriented programs in Appalachia regional school districts, and explanations of new concepts being used in teacher training programs in regional colleges. Reactions and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Community Involvement, Conference Reports, Educational Needs, Educational...
In education, as in all organizational sectors, the issue of capable leadership--what it looks like, why it matters, and how to develop and sustain it--is a source of widening interest and concern. For the CEO of a Fortune 500 company, the principal of an inner-city high school or the superintendent of a small rural district, the challenge is the same: to set a clear direction; to galvanize effort around ambitious goals; and to see that the right processes, resources and conditions are in place...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Instructional Leadership, Educational Change, Administrators, School Districts,...
The purpose of this article was to explore the multidimensional facets of transformational leadership and the impacts of such leadership on first-year academic success programs at the college level. Specifically, transformational leaders within higher-education organizations must share vision, rally support, and genuinely care about student success. The inspiration and motivation instilled in students during the first year of college is of paramount importance for continued academic success....
Topics: ERIC Archive, Academic Achievement, Transformational Leadership, Higher Education, Success,...
On July 1, 2000, the author became the first black dean of Education in the almost 100 year existence of the formidable University of Pretoria, South Africa. This essay offers a set of meditations on being a black dean in a white university at the birth of a post-apartheid democracy. There are many sides to this narrative. It is a story of leading in a young democracy and about black leadership in a conservative white environment. It is about the emotions and politics of change. It is about...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, Minority Groups, Deans, Higher Education, Racial Relations,...
