The ProSEDS conductive tether design incorporates two distinct types of tethers from a plasma interaction viewpoint. The 200 m closest to the Delta II spacecraft is insulated from the plasma, and the remaining 4800 m is semi-bare. This latter portion is considered semi-bare because a conductive coating, which is designed to collect electrons from the plasma, was applied to the wires to regulate the overall tether temperature. Because the tether has both insulating and conductive tether...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), PLASMA INTERACTIONS, TETHERING, INSULATION, SPACE PLASMAS,...
No abstract available
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CAMERAS, SKY SURVEYS (ASTRONOMY), SPACE OBSERVATIONS (FROM...
Geminid meteoroids, selected from a large set of precisely-reduced meteor orbits from the photographic and radar catalogues of the IAU Meteor Data Center (Lindblad et al. 2003), and from the Japanese TV meteor shower catalogue (SonotaCo 2010), have been analyzed with the aim of determining the orbits distribution in the stream, based on the dispersion of their periods P . The values of the reciprocal semi-major axis 1/a in the stream showed small errors in the velocity measurements. Thus, it...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), METEOROID SHOWERS, ORBITAL ELEMENTS, ASTRONOMY, EARTH ORBITS,...
There has been much interest in the meteor physics community recently regarding the form that meteoroid mass flux arrives in the upper atmosphere. Of particular interest are the relative roles of simple ablation, differential ablation, and fragmentation in the meteoroid mass flux observed by the Incoherent Scatter Radars (ISR). We present here the first-ever statistical study showing the relative contribution of the above-mentioned three mechanisms. These are also one of the first meteor...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AERONOMY, EARTH ATMOSPHERE, EVAPORATION, INCOHERENT SCATTER...
The vast majority of meteoroids either fall to the ground as meteorites or ablate completely in the atmosphere. However, large meteoroids have been observed to pass through the atmosphere and reenter space in a few instances. These atmosphere-grazing meteoroids have been characterized using ground-based observation and satellite-based infrared detection. As these methods become more sensitive, smaller atmospheregrazing meteoroids will likely be detected. In anticipation of this increased...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), METEOROIDS, AEROCAPTURE, ATMOSPHERIC ENTRY, EARTH ATMOSPHERE,...
NASA's Meteoroid Environment Office (MEO) recently established two wide-field cameras to detect meteors in the millimeter-size-range. This paper outlines the concepts of the system, the hardware and software, and results of 3,440 orbits seen from December 13, 2012 until May 14, 2014.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), METEOROIDS, METEOROID CONCENTRATION, SPORADIC METEOROIDS, CCD...
NASA's Meteoroid Environment Office (MEO) is charged with monitoring the meteoroid environment in near-Earth space for the protection of satellites and spacecraft. The MEO has recently established eight wide-field meteor cameras, four cameras each at two separate stations to calculate automated meteor fluxes in the millimeter size range. Each camera consists of a 17 mm focal length Schneider lens on a Watec 902H2 Ultimate CCD video camera, producing a 21.7 x 15.5 degree field of view. This...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CCD CAMERAS, ALGORITHMS, FIELD OF VIEW, METEOROIDS, FLUX...
Topics: Radio Program, Statistical terminology, Mass media, East Asian countries, Republics, Member states...
When compared to other laser types, the Free Electron Laser (FEL) provides optimal beam quality for successful atmospheric propagation. Assuming the development and deployment of a mega-watt (MW) class, ground or sea based FEL, this thesis investigates several proposed space applications including power beaming to satellites, the removal of orbital debris, laser illumination of objects within the solar system for scientific study, and interstellar laser illumination for communications. Power...
Topics: DTIC Archive, NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA, *FREE ELECTRON LASERS, THESES, ARTIFICIAL...
Lunar video observations are routinely conducted at the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville Alabama for the detection of meteoroid impacts. Over 240 impacts have been detected since the start of the observing program initiated approximately 5 years ago. During this time it has been fairly rare that lunar observing conditions and the weather have been favorable during the peak of the major showers. However, observing conditions were marginally favorable during the peak of the 2010...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), HYPERVELOCITY IMPACT, GEMINID METEOROIDS, METEORITE...
The Meter Class Autonomous Telescope (MCAT) is the newest optical sensor dedicated to NASA's mission to characterize the space debris environment. It is the successor to a series of optical telescopes developed and operated by the JSC Orbital Debris Program Office (ODPO) to monitor and assess the debris environment in (1) Low Earth Orbit (LEO), (2) Medium Earth Orbit (MEO), and (3) Geosynchronous Orbit (GEO), with emphasis on LEO and GEO altitudes. A joint NASA - Air Force Research Labs...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), DETECTION, DEBRIS, TELESCOPES, SPACE OBSERVATIONS (FROM...
A meteor radar system has been operated on a routine basis near Christchurch, New Zealand, to determine the orbits of Earth-impacting interplanetary dust and meteoroids. The system sensitivity is +13 visual magnitude, corresponding to approximately 100 micron sized meteoroids. With an orbital precision of 2 degrees in angular elements and 10 percent in orbital energy (1/a), the operation yields an average of 1500 orbits daily with a total to date in excess of 10(exp 5). The use of pc's and...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ASTEROIDS, DATA REDUCTION, INTERPLANETARY DUST, METEOROIDS,...
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242
Jun 1, 2010
06/10
by
Fialko, E. I
texts
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Electron linear density measurement and diffusion coefficient in meteor trails
Topics: DENSITY MEASUREMENT, METEOR TRAIL, DIFFUSION COEFFICIENT, ECHOES, ELECTRON DENSITY (CONCENTRATION),...
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47
Mar 21, 2019
03/19
by
Whiston, William, 1667-1752
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78 pages ; (8vo)
Topics: Meteoroids, Meteors
A magma ocean model was devised to relate eucrites (basalts) and diogenites (orthopyroxenites), which are found mixed together as clasts in a suite of polymict breccias known as howardites. The intimate association of eucritic and diogenitic clasts in howardites argues strongly that these three classes of achondritic meteorites all originated from the same planetoid. Reflectance spectral evidence (including that from the DAWN mission) has long suggested that Vesta is indeed the Eucrite Parent...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), VESTA ASTEROID, METEOROIDS, MODELS, MAGMA, EXPERIMENTATION,...
The NASA Meteoroid Environment Office (MEO) uses two main meteor camera networks to characterize the meteoroid environment: an all sky system and a wide field system to study cm and mm size meteors respectively. The NASA All Sky Fireball Network consists of fifteen meteor video cameras in the United States, with plans to expand to eighteen cameras by the end of 2015. The camera design and All-Sky Guided and Real-time Detection (ASGARD) meteor detection software [1, 2] were adopted from the...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CAMERAS, VIDEO EQUIPMENT, NETWORKS, FIELD OF VIEW,...
Eighteen Fe ablation trails were observed during the 17/18 Nov 1998 Leonid meteor shower with an airborne Fe lidar aboard the National Simulation Facility/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NSF/NCAR) Electra aircraft over Okinawa. The average altitude of the 18 trails from the high velocity (72 km/s) Leonid meteors, 95.67 +/- 0.93 km, is approximately 6.7 km higher than previously observed for slower (approx. 30 km/s) sporadic meteors. This height difference is consistent with the...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ABLATION, IRON, IRON METEORITES, DIFFUSION, METEOROID...
The preliminary results from attempts to derive depth and diameter information from digitized stereo images of impact features on the LDEF are reported. Contrary to our prior assumption, we find that impact craters in the T6 A1 alloy are not paraboloid in cross section, but rather are better described by a 6th-order polynomial curve. We explore the implications of this discovery.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), HYPERVELOCITY IMPACT, LONG DURATION EXPOSURE FACILITY,...
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213
Jul 11, 2010
07/10
by
VOLNOV, I. I.; SHATUNINA, A. N
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THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE COMPOUND CAO2.2H2O2 AT 40 DEG AND 0.006 MM HG AS A RESULT OF THE INTRAMOLECULAR REDOX REACTION INTO EQUIMOLECULAR MIXTURE OF HYPEROXIDE AND HYDROXIDE OF CALCIUM IS REPORTED.
Topics: EVOLUTION (DEVELOPMENT), KOHOUTEK COMET, SOLAR SYSTEM, ASTEROIDS, METEOROID CONCENTRATION,...
We study, both analytically and numerically, the perturbation induced by an encounter with a planet on a meteoroid stream. Our analytical tool is the extension of pik s theory of close encounters, that we apply to streams described by geocentric variables. The resulting formulae are used to compute the rate at which a stream is dispersed by planetary encounters into the sporadic background. We have verified the accuracy of the analytical model using a numerical test.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), METEOROIDS, STREAMS, SOLAR ORBITS, PERTURBATION, METEORITE...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Liu, Yan, FOREIGN TECHNOLOGY DIV WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH, *THEORY, *METEOROIDS,...
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), along with the rest of government and the nation have become increasing cost conscious in recent years. This has resulted in renewed efforts at finding ways to do more with less. Planetary science is no exception. The 2013 Decadal Survey for Planetary Science made great efforts to understand the costs of proposed missions. The community has been asked to develop more affordable versions of mission concepts, especially in the flagship...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), HIGH ALTITUDE BALLOONS, BALLOON-BORNE INSTRUMENTS,...
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109
May 9, 2019
05/19
by
Chambers, George F. (George Frederick), 1841-1915
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xiii pages, 1 leaf, 256 pages including diagrams, tables, XXVII plate (including frontispiece) ; 23 cm
Topics: Meteoroids, Comets
Royal College of Surgeons of England
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62
Apr 7, 2016
04/16
by
Fearnley, Carl Frederik, 1818-1890; Mohn, Henrik, 1835-1916; Royal College of Surgeons of England
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Caption title
Topic: Meteoroids
The objective of this contract is to develop, incorporate, test, and validate new algorithms for Nascap-2k that are needed to self-consistently compute plasma transport and to model electromagnetic radiation in the near to mid field from VLF (3 kHz to 30 kHz) antennas. The plasma flow models can be used to address various plasma engineering concerns including surface discharges due to meteoroid impact and spacecraft contamination due to electric propulsion plasma plume effects. The goal of this...
Topics: DTIC Archive, SCIENCE APPLICATIONS INC SAN DIEGO CA, *SPACECRAFT, *ALGORITHMS, *PLASMAS(PHYSICS),...
The explicit solution of the drag and ablation equations of a single nonfragmenting meteoroid moving in any actual atmosphere was published several years ago. The solution yields the theoretical relation of l, the distance flown by the meteoroid in its trajectory, as a function of time, t, assuming that the height, h, is a known function of l. The photographic records of meteors and fireballs are coded by time marks, using a rotating shutter or a similar device to break the moving image. Time...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ABLATION, ASTRONOMICAL PHOTOGRAPHY, FIREBALLS, FRAGMENTATION,...
A unique and innovative risk assessment of the International Space Station (ISS) Propulsion Module is conducted using fractal modeling of the Module's response to the meteoroid and orbital debris environments. Both the environment models and structural failure modes due to the resultant hypervelocity impact phenomenology, as well as Module geometry, are investigated for fractal applicability. The fractal risk assessment methodology could produce a greatly simplified alternative to current...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), RISK, METEOROIDS, FRACTALS, INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION,...
Apparatus for photographing meteors in a selected area of the sky is described. A photomultiplier is pointed in the direction of the area. When a meteor passes through the area the signal output of the photomultiplier increases. Means are provided that activate a camera, pointed at the area, in response to an increased signal from the photomultiplier. Hence, the camera photographs the selected are only while meteors are likely to be passing through the area.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ASTRONOMICAL PHOTOGRAPHY, METEOROIDS, PHOTOMULTIPLIER TUBES,...
A ring shaped grid of photovoltaic solar collectors encircling a lunar pole at 80 to 85 degrees latitude is proposed as the primary research, development, and construction goal for an initial lunar base. The polar Lunar Power Ring (LPR) is designed to provide continuous electrical power in ever increasing amounts as collectors are added to the ring grid. The LPR can provide electricity for any purpose indefinitely, barring a meteor strike. The associated rail infrastructure and inherently...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ELECTRICITY, LUNAR BASES, PROPULSION, RESEARCH FACILITIES,...
77
77
Apr 19, 2010
04/10
by
Branley, Franklyn Mansfield, 1915-2002; Keller, Holly, ill
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Explains what shooting stars are, what they are made of, and what happens to them when they land on Earth
Topics: Meteors, Meteoroids, Meteorites, Meteors, Meteoroids, Meteorites
Vesta is the only intact, differentiated, rocky protoplanet and it is the parent body of HED meterorites. Howardite, eucrite and diogenite (HED) meteorites represent regolith, basaltic-crust, lower-crust and possibly ultramafic-mantle samples of asteroid Vesta. Only a few of these meteorites, the orthopyroxene-rich diogenites, contain olivine, a mineral that is a major component of the mantles of differentiated bodies, including Vesta. The HED parent body experienced complex igneous processes...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), VESTA ASTEROID, METEORITIC COMPOSITION, MINERALOGY,...
The Ozone Mapping Profiler Suite (OMPS) Limb Profiler (LP) on the recently launched NASA/NOAA NPP/ Suomi satellite detected aerosol excess in the midstratosphere (25-45 km altitude) between 50degN and 70degN latitudes. OMPS/LP observations trace this aerosol plume to the meteor that struck near Chelyabinsk, Russia on 15 February 2013. This new dust layer, located above the Junge aerosol layer, has persisted over at least a 3 month period. Material collected on the ground following the bolide...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AEROSOLS, ATMOSPHERIC MODELS, BOLIDES, STRATOSPHERE,...
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203
Jun 18, 2010
06/10
by
Dalton, C. C
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Attitude calculation for meteoroid puncture counting satellite used to predict radiant of puncturing meteoroid
Topics: ATTITUDE (INCLINATION), METEORITE COLLISION, SATELLITE MEASUREMENT, CELESTIAL BODIES, COUNTING,...
355
355
Jun 18, 2010
06/10
by
Delcourt, J
texts
eye 355
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Physical theory of meteors and synthesis of results for application to radio meteors
Topics: METEOROIDS, RADIO METEOROLOGY, RADIO METEORS, METEOR, RADIO METEOROLOGY
2,304
2.3K
Jun 19, 2010
06/10
by
Mikhailov, A. A
texts
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Physics of solar system - solar line spectrum, photosphere, chromosphere, prominences, flares, corona, radio emission, moon, planet physics, comets, meteors, and zodiacal light
Topics: ASTROPHYSICS, SOLAR PHYSICS, SOLAR PROMINENCES, SOLAR SPECTRA, SOLAR SYSTEM, SPECTRA, ZODIAC,...
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4.0
audio
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Topics: Radio Program, Science fiction themes, Planetary science, Physiology, Meals, Deaths from myocardial...
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7.0
Jun 14, 2018
06/18
by
Kortenkamp, Steve
texts
eye 7
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32 pages : 23 cm
Topics: Asteroids -- Juvenile literature, Comets -- Juvenile literature, Meteoroids -- Juvenile literature,...
Preliminary data required to extrapolate available meteor physics information (obtained in the photographic, visual and near ultraviolet spectral regions) into the middle and far ultraviolet are presented. Wavelength tables, telluric attenuation factors, meteor rates, and telluric airglow data are summarized in the context of near-earth observation vehicle parameters using moderate to low spectral resolution instrumentation. Considerable attenuation is given to the problem of meteor excitation...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), LIGHT ELEMENTS, METEORITIC COMPOSITION, METEOROIDS,...
Lunar impact monitoring provides useful information about the flux of meteoroids in the tens of grams to kilograms size range. The large collecting area of the night side of the lunar disk, approximately 3.4x10(exp 6) sq km in our camera field-of-view, provides statistically significant counts of the meteoroids. Nearly 200 lunar impacts have been observed by our program in roughly 3.5 years. Photometric calibration of the flashes along with the luminous efficiency (determined using meteor...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), HYPERVELOCITY IMPACT, METEOROID CONCENTRATION, METEORITE...
Describes the estimated environmental exposure for MISSE-2 and MISSE-4. These test beds, attached to the outside of the International Space Station, were planned for 3 years of exposure. This was changed to 1 year after MISSE-1 and -2 were in space for 4 years. MISSE-3 and -4 operate in a low Earth orbit space environment, which exposes them to a variety of assaults including atomic oxygen, ultraviolet radiation, particulate radiation, thermal cycling, and meteoroid/space debris impact, as well...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION, TEST STANDS, SPACE WEATHERING,...
The NASA Meteoroid Environment Office (MEO) observed meteors during the Lyrid meteor shower peak on 22 April 2012 from three different observing platforms: the ground, a helium-filled balloon, and from the International Space Station (ISS). Even though the Lyrids are not noted for spectacular rates, the combination of New Moon and a favorable viewing geometry from ISS presented a unique opportunity to simultaneously image shower meteors from above the atmosphere and below it. In the end,...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), METEOROIDS, INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION, CAMERAS, BALLOON...
NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center has had several projects involving inflatable space structures. Projects in solar thermal propulsion have had the most involvement, primarily inflatable concentrators. A flight project called Shooting Star Experiment initiated the first detailed design, analysis and testing effort involving an inflatable concentrator that supported a Fresnel lens. The lens was to concentrate the sun's rays to provide an extremely large heat transfer for an experimental solar...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CONCENTRATORS, DESIGN ANALYSIS, PERFORMANCE TESTS, DYNAMIC...
Space-based systems are developing into critical infrastructure required to support the quality of life on Earth. Hence, spacecraft reliability is a serious issue that is complicated by exposure to the space environment. Complex mission designs along with rapidly evolving technologies have outpaced efforts to accommodate detrimental space environment impacts on systems. Hazardous space environments, the effects on systems, and the accommodation of the effects are described with a focus on the...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AEROSPACE ENVIRONMENTS, SPACE WEATHER, AEROSPACE SYSTEMS,...
A brief review of the evolutionary progress in computational aerothermodynamics is presented. The current status of computational aerothermodynamics is then discussed, with emphasis on its capabilities and limitations for contributions to the design process of hypersonic vehicles. Some topics to be highlighted include: (1) aerodynamic coefficient predictions with emphasis on high temperature gas effects; (2) surface heating and temperature predictions for thermal protection system (TPS) design...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), HYPERSONIC VEHICLES, AEROTHERMODYNAMICS, SPACECRAFT DESIGN,...
About 50 kyr ago the impact of an iron meteoroid excavated Meteor Crater, Arizona, the first terrestrial structure widely recognized as a meteorite impact crater. Recent studies of ballistically dispersed impact melts from Meteor Crater indicate a compositionally unusually heterogeneous impact melt with high SiO2 and exceptionally high (10 to 25% on average) levels of projectile contamination. These are observations that must be explained by any theoretical modeling of the impact event. Simple...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ATMOSPHERIC ENTRY, CANYONS, CONTAMINATION, METEOROIDS,...
Micro Meteoroid and Orbital Debris (MMOD) and other impacts can cause leaks in the International Space Station and other aerospace vehicles. The early detection and location of leaks is paramount to astronaut safety. Therefore this document surveys the state of the art in leak detection and location technology for aerospace vehicles.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), LEAKAGE, DETECTION, SPACE DEBRIS, METEOROIDS, AEROSPACE...
The analysis of radar observations of the Perseid meteor stream conducted in an ionospherical laboratory in the period from 1964 to 1981 is presented. The Perseids meteor rates were determined by the fluctuation method. Analysis of their hourly distributions showed that the stream maximum position is different for different years, i.e., the stream nodal position is constantly changing. The results of the analysis are presented and discussed.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), METEOROID SHOWERS, PARTICLE EMISSION, PARTICLE MASS, PERSEID...
This report focuses on the data acquired by detailed examination of LDEF intercostals, 68 of which are now in possession of the Meteoroid and Debris Special Investigation Group (M&D SIG) at JSC. In addition, limited data will be presented for several small sections from the A0178 thermal control blankets that were examined/counted prior to being shipped to Principal Investigators (PI's) for scientific study. The data presented here are limited to measurements of crater and penetration-hole...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CRATERS, FRAMES, LONG DURATION EXPOSURE FACILITY, METEOROIDS,...
The degree to which the thin Martian atmosphere filters out meteoroids approaching the Martian surface was calculated by using a model of the meteoroid environment, a model of the Martian atmosphere, and equations of meteor physics. The secondary particle environment on the surface of Mars caused by the material ejected from meteoroid craters was modeled. The model consists of the mass distribution and the speed distribution of the secondary particles. Calculations were made of the penetration...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CRATERS, MARS ATMOSPHERE, METEOROIDS, ALUMINUM, ATMOSPHERIC...
A study was made of the meteoroid impact resistance of bumper-protected mainwalls of both solid aluminum and polycarbonate-aluminum laminates. Semi-empirical models of the debris cloud and stress waves were formulated. Results indicated that a laminated mainwall affords greater impact resistance than a solid aluminum mainwall of the same weight.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), BUMPERS, HYPERVELOCITY IMPACT, IMPACT RESISTANCE, LAMINATES,...
