In 1977 and 1978 selected in-patients at the Tegalyoso Hospital, Klaten, Indonesia who had recent onsets of acute fever were serologically studied for evidence of alphavirus and flavivirus infections. A brief clinical history was taken and a check list of signs and symptoms was completed on admission. Acute and convalescent phase sera from 30 patients who showed evidence that a flavivirus had caused their illnesses were testsed for neutralizing antibodies to several flaviviruses which ocur in...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Olson, J G, NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH UNIT NO 2 MANILA (PHILIPPINES), *EPIDEMIOLOGY,...
Culex (Melanoconion) lopesi, a new species from Municipio Iguape, Estado Sao Paulo, southern Brazil is recognized. The adult male, the only known stage of this species, is described and its genitalia are illustrated.
Topics: DTIC Archive, SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION WASHINGTON DC MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY PROJECT, *BRAZIL, *CULEX,...
In an attempt to improve upon the current live, attenuated vaccine (TC-83) for Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV), the V3526 vaccine candidate strain of VEEV was prepared by site-directed mutagenesis. Because studies indicate that virus introduced by mosquito bite may be more pathogenic than the same virus introduced by needle inoculation, there were concerns that the presence of mosquito saliva, or changes in the virus due to replication in a mosquito, might allow the virus to...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Turell, Michael J, ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD...
Scan collection identifier: 43 of 100. Note: Abel Arambola (manager of the Malaria Prevention Program; cf. picture 76 ) can be seen wearing a T-shirt which says " Malaria Control Program ". Presumably at the dormitory of the volunteers in which they seemingly used to cook, sleep and hang out (cf. picture 40 , picture 41 , picture 42 , picture 44 , picture 46 and picture 47 ). For the actual dormitory of the women, cf. picture 48 and picture 49 . To download the original (cropped) scan...
Topics: Mosquito-borne diseases, Solomon Islands
After inoculation by Anopheles sp. mosquitoes, Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites rapidly make their way to the liver where a single, uninucleate sporozoite develops during a minimum of 5-6 days to a mature liver stage schizont with 1-3 x 10(exp 4) uninucleate merozoites. There are no clinical or pathological manifestations associated with this stage of the parasite's life cycle, and thus the parasite developing within the liver is an attractive target for vaccine-induced protective immune...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Sanchez, G I, NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH INST BETHESDA MD, *PARASITES, *PLASMODIUM...
The Memorandum of Understanding between the Ministry of Health of Belize and USUHS was signed in December 1989. Two USUHS MTM&H students conducted-research and obtained clinical experience in country. In August 1990, Jorge Palanco, MD received the MPH from USUHS. The renovation of the CML was completed in October 1990. The dedication of the CML and the ERC took place in November 1990. The preliminary analysis of the sera obtained in the febrile illness study indicate a significant...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Redington, Bryce C, HENRY M JACKSON FOUNDATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF MILITARY...
This report is partially a record of identifications of mosquitoes captured on PACAF bases during CY 1974. The majority of data begins in July or later, which coincides with the reestablishment of the vector taxonomy function of 1st Medical Service Wing (1MSEW). If data for the period of January-June 1974 are available from other sources, these data are included in the tables and proper acknowledgment is made. A number of additional subjects have been addressed, with the expectation that the...
Topics: DTIC Archive, PACIFIC AIR FORCES JOINT BASE PEARL HARBOR-HICKAM AFB HI, *CULICIDAE, ADULTS, AIR...
Field tests were conducted to compare the effectiveness of 2 repellent formulations of N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (deet) in combination with permethrin-impregnated military uniforms against Culex sitiens and Aedes vigilax in Thailand. Repellency was determined during a 2 h crepuscular period using volunteers who had been treated with repellents 6, 8, 10, and 12 h prior to the end of each test period. An extended-duration repellent formulation (EDRF) containing 35% deet repelled significantly...
Topics: DTIC Archive, WALTER REED ARMY INST OF RESEARCH WASHINGTON DC DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY, *INSECT...
The subgenus Stegomyia Theobald is essentially confined to the tropical and subtropical regions of the old world, chiefly the Ethiopian, Oriental and Australasian regions. It is also represented in the southern part of the Palaearctic region. A. aegypti (Linnaeus) has, of course, been introduced into the new world. - Members of the subgenus Stegomyia occur in urban and in inhabited rural areas. The breeding sites of Stegomyia are tree holes, bamboo stumps, leaf axils, rock holes, coconut shells...
Topics: DTIC Archive, SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION WASHINGTON DC, *SOUTHEAST ASIA, *CULICIDAE, EGGS, LARVAE,...
The objective of this research is to gain a better understanding of the sensory mechanisms of disease vector arthropods so as to develop new and/or improved materials for the protection of military personnel against vector-borne diseases. Specifically, the electrophysiological responses of single antennal chemosensitive neurons to a variety of chemical stimuli are being compared among several mosquito species. The results of these efforts are as follows.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Davis, Edward E, SRI INTERNATIONAL MENLO PARK CA, *INSECT REPELLENTS, *ARTHROPOD...
I tested assumptions of the hypothesis that multiple host contacts by Ae. aegypti contribute to dengue virus transmission, the hypothesis assumes multiple meals that combine a viremic meal with a meal from an immune host will not interfere with mosquito infection. I administered enemas, which simulated a second meal from an immune host, to Ae. aegypti that had fed 24 hours earlier from a drop of dengue-2 virus infected blood. Infection rates of the mosquitoes receiving immune sera (85%) were...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Putnam, John L, AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH, *IMMUNE SERUMS,...
Baculovirus recombinants that separately express the full-length E or NS1 glycoprotein of DEN4 or DEN2 or the full-length E of DEN3 were constructed. Recombinants expressing C-terminally truncated 80%E of the above three dengue serotype viruses were also constructed because earlier studies of recombinant vaccinia virus showed that this truncated 80% E is secreted extracellularly and is more immunogenic than the full-length E. The immunogenicity of baculovirus- expressed dengue virus E's was...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Lai, Ching-Juh, NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH BETHESDA MD, *INFECTIOUS DISEASES,...
Dengue virus universal and serotype 1 to 4 fluorogenic probe hydrolysis, reverse transcription (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays and positive-control RNA template were freeze-dried in a thermally stable, hydrolytic enzyme-resistant format and deployed for testing in a dengue fever-endemic region of Thailand. The study site presented austere testing conditions. Field-collected Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and individual and pooled, field-collected, A. aegypti, A. albopictus, and Culex...
Topics: DTIC Archive, McAvin, James C, ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD,...
Dengue is a mosquito-borne infection caused by four distinct serotypes of dengue virus, each appearing cyclically in the tropics and subtropics along the equator. Although vaccines are currently under development, none are available to the general population. One of the main impediments to the successful advancement of these vaccines is the lack of well-defined immune correlates of protection. Here, we describe a protein microarray approach for measuring antibody responses to the complete viral...
Topics: DTIC Archive, NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH CENTER SILVER SPRING MD, *ANTIBODIES, *DENGUE VIRUS,...
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus distributed throughout much of Africa and Asia. Infection with the virus may cause acute febrile illness that clinically resembles dengue fever. A recent study indicated the existence of three geographically distinct viral lineages; however this analysis utilized only a single viral gene. Although ZIKV has been known to circulate in both Africa and Asia since at least the 1950s, little is known about the genetic relationships between...
Topics: DTIC Archive, TEXAS UNIV MEDICAL BRANCH AT GALVESTON CENTER FOR BIODEFENSE AND EMERGING INFECTIOUS...
Dengue fever and the more severe form of the disease, dengue hemorrhagic fever, occurs in tropical and subtropical regions globally through infection by one or more of four viral serotypes, DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3 and DEN-4. Viral transmission to humans is through mosquito vectors, primarily Aedes aegypti. Dengue universal and DEN 1-4 serotype specific fluorogenic, real-time RT-PCR assays and positive control nucleic acid were field-formatted by lyophilization and adapted for use on a...
Topics: DTIC Archive, McAvin, James C, ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD,...
To determine whether doxycycline, 100 mg administered as a single daily oral dose, is effective as a causal prophylactic agent, an agent active against the pre-erythrocytic liver stage of Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites, in healthy nonimmune persons. If effective, the recommendation by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) that doxycycline be continued for 4 weeks after returning from malaria endemic areas could be shortened to 1 week. Each participant received...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Shmuklarsky, Moshe J, WALTER REED ARMY INST OF RESEARCH WASHINGTON DC, *PARASITES,...
This appendix, subtitled 'Some Health Aspects of Water and Related Land Use of the Pascagoula River Basin', discusses the following subjects: Water Contact Recreation; Shellfish Sanitation; Vector Control; and Drinking Water Supply.
Topics: DTIC Archive, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH EDUCATION AND WELFARE ATLANTA GA, *ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT,...
The overall goal of Phase I of this project was to develop a rapid, one step, rugged immuno-chromatographic dip-stick assay for the identification of malaria and dengue-infected mosquitoes. This assay is based on the existing know-how at Navix by which sensitive test-strip based single analyte or panel assays provide results in less than 15 minutes and the tests are stable at ambient storage conditions. Phase I involved (1) Selection of the most appropriate antibodies for incorporation into the...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Dave, Kirti I, NAVIX INC CAMARILLO CA, *PATHOGENIC MICROORGANISMS, *ARTHROPOD BORNE...
Mosquito-borne diseases represent one of the most significant threats to human health worldwide, with hundreds of millions of infections resulting in extraordinary morbidity and mortality every year. Although vector control interventions are among the most effective known ways to prevent the transmission of mosquito-borne diseases, new strategies and paradigms are desperately needed to complement currently available tools. One novel approach to vector control currently being considered is a...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Wagman,Joseph M, UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIV OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES BETHESDA MD BETHESDA...
In May 1972, a brief survey of mosquitoes was carried out in the Margolembo area and several other localities in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. A total of 37 species of mosquitoes was collected which includes 10 species of Anopheles, 3 species of Mansonia, 7 species of Aedes, 15 species of Culex and 1 species each of Malaya and Uranotaenia. Six of 37 species collected have not been previously recorded from Sulawesi. Dissection of 31 anophelines and 16 culicines did not reveal any malarial or...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Lien, J. C., NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH UNIT NO 2 MANILA (PHILIPPINES), *CULICIDAE,...
Several mosquito cell proteins have been identified as being associated with (or incorporated in) Banzi virus grown in the polyclonal cell line of A. albopictus cells. This fact has been demonstrated by several observations. First, Banzi virions purified by polyethylene glycol precipitation and equilibrium density sucrose gradient centrifugation contain four mosquito cellular proteins. Second, anti-mosquito cell serum aggregates mosquito cell-grown Banzi virus, but not Banzi virus propagated in...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Schloemer,Robert H, INDIANA UNIV AT INDIANAPOLIS SCHOOL OF MEDICINE, *CELLS(BIOLOGY),...
Topics: DTIC Archive, DEPUTY CHIEF OF STAFF FOR RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ACQUISITION (ARMY) WASHINGTON DC,...
The ecology of California encephalitis viruses was studied on the Del Mar Va Peninsula. Adult mosquitoes were collected weekly from May to October of 1971 and monthly from May to October of 1972, using CDC miniature light traps with Dry Ice. Floodwater mosquitoes were assayed for virus in suckling mice or cell cultures. In 1971 over 77,000 mosquitoes were processed, resulting in 33 virus isolations. In 1972, over 106,000 were processed and 63 virus strains were recovered. Of the 1971 strains,...
Topics: DTIC Archive, WALTER REED ARMY INST OF RESEARCH WASHINGTON DC, *CALIFORNIA ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS,...
Dengue is of public health importance in tropical and sub-tropical regions. Dengue virus (DENV) transmission dynamics was studied in Kamphaeng Phet Province, Thailand, using an enhanced spatiotemporal surveillance of 93 hospitalized subjects with confirmed dengue (initiates) and associated cluster individuals (associates) with entomologic sampling. A total of 438 associates were enrolled from 208 houses with household members with a history of fever, located within a 200-m radius of an initiate...
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY INST OF SURGICAL RESEARCH FORT SAM HOUSTON TX, *DENGUE VIRUS, *DISEASE VECTORS,...
Equine encephalitis viruses are alphaviruses normally transmitted through mosquito bites. Both mosquito borne Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) and Western equine encephalitis virus (WEEV) are rarely fatal in humans. However, Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) has over a 30% mortality rate. Research has shown these alphaviruses can also cause infection through aerosol exposure. This briefing discusses studies of aerosol exposure of monkeys to all three viruses.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Reed, Douglas S, ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD...
While Western Equine Encephalitis Viruses produce an incapacitating but rarely fatal illness in humans when resulting from a mosquito bite, laboratory accidents suggest a 40 % mortality rate when contracted through inhalation. As this disease has rarely been studied, the briefing examines a new study using WEEV aerosol exposure in macaque monkeys.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Reed, Douglas S, ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD,...
What sets this detection method apart from others? (1) Currently, detection systems for biological warfare agents utilize PCR (polymerase chain reaction) to amplify genetic material specific to an agent, or antibodies that recognize proteins specific for known agents; (2) Current detection systems for chemical warfare agents utilize physical and chemical properties that are specific for known agents; (3) In the IAD system, we are measuring the response of an organism to an agent, or class of...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Mackie, R S, NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CENTER DAHLGREN DIV VA, *BIOLOGICAL DETECTION,...
The effects of pyriproxyfen were tested against a local population of Aedes aegypti (L.) in Iquitos, Peru . Bioassays showed that, when applied to late instars, pyriproxyfen prevented adult emergence at extremely low concentrations (LC50= 0.012 ppb). There was no adult emergence from water sampled from storage tanks that had been seeded with the equivalent of 50-83 ppb (AI) pyriproxyfen. Five months after treatment, despite constant dilution of these tanks, water sampled from these sources...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Sihuincha, Moises, LABORATORIO REFERENCIAL DIRECCION DE SALUD IQUITOS (PERU),...
We compared 6 adult mosquito traps for effectiveness in collecting Aedes albopictus from suburban backyards with the goal of finding a more suitable surveillance replacement for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) light trap. Trap selection included 2 commercial propane traps (Mosquito Magnet(TM) Professional trap and Mosquito Magnet Liberty trap), 2 Aedes-specific traps (Fay-Prince Omnidirectional trap and Wilton trap), 1 experimental trap (Mosquito Magnet-X trap), and a...
Topics: DTIC Archive, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE WASHINGTON DC, *MOSQUITO BORNE DISEASES, *TRAPS,...
Malaria is making a dramatic comeback in the world. It is the foremost health challenge in Africa south of the Sahara; and tourists, Peace Corps volunteers, State Department employees, and military personnel traveling to malarious areas are at increased risk of malaria-related sickness and death. This new book examines the prospects for bringing malaria under control, with specific recommendations for U.S. policy, directions for research and program funding, as well as appropriate roles for...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Long, Arthur D, AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT WASHINGTON DC, *MALARIA,...
The Deployed Warfighter Protection research program (DWFP) is an initiative to develop and validate novel methods to protect United States military deployed abroad from threats posed by disease-carrying insects. Vector-borne diseases such as malaria, dengue, leishmaniasis, and chikungunya are among the most important health risks facing deployed troops. There are no vaccines for many diseases transmitted by biting insects, so methods in insect management and control, as well as personal...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Cope, Stanton E, ARMED FORCES PEST MANAGEMENT BOARD WASHINGTON DC, *MOSQUITO BORNE...
Basic studies on the mosquito fauna of Thailand were undertaken by the Department of Medical Entomology, United States Army Component-Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) in 1961. At present, studies on the taxonomy, biology, distribution and disease relationships of the mosquitoes of the Kingdom are continuing with considerable emphasis on the malaria vectors of the genus Anopheles. As these studies progressed it became apparent that there was no single source to which entomologists,...
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY MEDICAL COMPONENT AFRIMS APO SAN FRANCISCO 96346, *FEMALES, *ANOPHELES,...
Scan collection identifier: 58 of 100. Original Spanish caption to this photo (pasted between picture 58 & picture 59 ): Miércoles 19 mayo 93. Visita a la Isla Uki para dar les charlas de malaria, y tomar las muestras de sangre. Translation: Wednesday 19 May 1993. Visit to the island of Ugi (sometimes written "Uki") to give talks about malaria and to take the blood samples . To download the original (cropped) scan in full quality: Download the file in .TIFF format (cf. also...
Topics: Solomon Islands, Ugi/Uki, Makira-Ulawa Province, Mosquito-borne diseases
Caryopteris clandonensis A. Simmonds ex C. H. Curtis 'Durio' Pink Chablis, (Lamiaceae) a pink-flowered cultivar distinctive among the typically blue-flowered cultivars of bluebeard, is valued as a small, deciduous shrub in the landscape for its mounded growth habit, showy flower display in summer, and attractiveness to insect pollinators. As part of a broader research program examining aromatic compounds from ornamental species as natural alternatives to synthetic chemicals for control of...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Blythe,Eugene K, Mississippi State University Poplarville United States, mosquito...
Techniques were developed and/or improved for the study of dengue viruses in their mosquito vectors. Improved techniques for infection of mosquitoes with dengue viruses, for in vitro assay of transmission, and for titration of infected mosquitoes were developed. The titration technique, using microtiter plates and indirect fluorescence, proved to be a fast, reliable, and inexpensive technique for titration of dengue viruses in mosquitoes. Studies were also conducted to determine the extent and...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Beaty,Barry J, COLORADO STATE UNIV FORT COLLINS COLL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE AND...
Mosquito breeding habitats are exposed to diurnal fluctuations in temperature that developing mosquito larvae must endure. Despite this, work is lacking on what, if any, influence these fluctuations have on adult traits of epidemiological interest. In this work, cohorts from two geographically isolated strains of Aedes aegypti (TH from Thailand and BZ from Belize) and a susceptible (G3) and resistant (AKRON) strain of Anophelesgambiae, were exposed as larvae to one of four diurnal temperature...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Clark,Jeffrey W, Uniformed Services University Of The Health Sciences Bethesda United...
Historical outbreaks of Rift Valley fever (RVF) since the early 1950s have been associated with cyclical patterns of the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon, which results in elevated and widespread rainfall over the RVF endemic areas of Africa. Using satellite measurements of global and regional elevated sea surface temperatures elevated rainfall, and satellite derived-normalized difference vegetation index data, we predicted with lead times of 2-4 months areas where outbreaks of...
Topics: DTIC Archive, WALTER REED ARMY INST OF RESEARCH SILVER SPRING MD DIV OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE,...
Dutch troops participated in the United Nations Mission in Eritrea and Ethiopia from December 2000 until June 2001. All personnel (1089) received information on health risks, with emphasis on anti-mosquito personal protective measures. Malaria chemoprophylaxis comprised weekly mefloquine or daily doxycycline. Immunisations included meningitis A+C and yellow fever. When necessary boosters for diphtheria, tetanus and poliomyelitis (DTP), hepatitis A +B and typhoid were administered. During...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Buma, Adriaan H, ROYAL NETHERLANDS NAVY DEN HELDER DIVING MEDICAL CENTRE, *MILITARY...
Based on spatiotemporal clustering of human dengue virus (DENV) infections, transmission is thought to occur at fine spatiotemporal scales by horizontal transfer of virus between humans and mosquito vectors. To define the dimensions of local transmission and quantify the factors that support it, we examined relationships between infected humans and Aedes aegypti in Thai villages. Methodology/Principal Findings: Geographic cluster investigations of 100-meter radius were conducted around...
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMED FORCES RESEARCH INST OF MEDICAL SCIENCES BANGKOK (THAILAND), *AEDES,...
An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) using a monoclonal anti- body that recognizes a repetitive epitope on the circumsporozoite protein of Plasmodium falciparum was used in Kenya to assess malaria infections in Anopheles gambiae s.l. and An. funestus. The ELISA confirmed that 88% of 44 sporozoite-positive gland dissections were P. falciparum. ELISA tests on body portions showed that 29.5% of 95 positive mosquitoes contained circumsporozoite antigen in the body portion in the absence of...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Beier, John C, ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH UNIT-KENYA APO NEW YORK 09675, *IMMUNOASSAY,...
Anopheline mosquitoes and their relation to malaria transmission were studied during the months of March, May and July in the Karen village of Mae Tha Waw located in the northwestern mountains of Tak Province. Thirteen species were captured on human bait during 80 man-nights of collecting.Four additional species were collected during routine larval surveys. Anopheles minimus and An maculatus comprised 92.5% of the specimens captured biting man. An.nivipes were implicated as vectors based on the...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Harbach, Ralph E, ARMED FORCES RESEARCH INST OF MEDICAL SCIENCES APO SAN FRANCISCO...
Distribution and abundance of mosquito vector species including Aedes, Anopheles coquilletidia, Culex, Culiseta, and Psorophora--collected from 1971-1979 at CONUS USAF installations are tabulated and discussed. Mosquito-borne disease incidence from 1970-1980 is also tabulated by State and county. Mosquito vector bionomics and mosquito-borne disease epidemiology are briefly discussed.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Lang,Jerry T, SCHOOL OF AEROSPACE MEDICINE BROOKS AFB TX, *DISEASE VECTORS,...
Naval Medical Research and Development News is a publication of the Naval Medical Research Center, 503 Robert GrantAvenue, Silver Spring, Maryland, 20910.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Naval Medical Research Center Silver Spring United States, INFECTIOUS DISEASES,...
The aim of this project is to identify specific inhibitors of some enzymes of malaria parasite. Inhibitors will be designed based on the high-resolution crystal structure of individual target enzymes. We have already determined the crystal structure of P. falciparum lactate dehydrogenase, a key enzyme in the glycolytic pathway, to high resolution. This structure is currently being used for designing lead inhibitors. We have also purified PFPK-DHPS bifunctional enzyme for structure analysis and...
Topics: DTIC Archive, DeLucas, Lawrence J., ALABAMA UNIV IN BIRMINGHAM, *PARASITES, *MALARIA, *MOSQUITO...
The Anopheles Hyrcanus Group consists of several species that are vectors of malaria and other mosquito-borne diseases in the Oriental and Palearctic Regions. The group has about three-quarters of the species that comprise the Myzorhynchus Series of genus Anopheles Meigen subgenus Anopheles in the two regions. It has about 30 species, including two newly described species, An. belenrae Rueda and An. kleini Rueda (Rueda 2005). In South Korea (Republic of Korea), there are only six known species...
Topics: DTIC Archive, WALTER REED BIOSYSTEMATICS UNIT WASHINGTON DC, *ANOPHELES, *LARVAE, *CULICIDAE,...
As measured by the criteria of ability to disperse and to adapt to varying environments, Aedes aegypti must be reckoned as a distinctly successful species. The best present evidence is that the species originated in Africa and spread from there to most of the tropical and subtropical areas of the world, most often with the unknowing assistance of man. Once having become established in a favorable area it may be eliminated only with considerable expenditures of time, money and human ingenuity....
Topics: DTIC Archive, WALTER REED ARMY INST OF RESEARCH WASHINGTON DC, *PEST CONTROL, *AEDES, *SOUTHEAST...
Topics: DTIC Archive, JOINT PUBLICATIONS RESEARCH SERVICE ARLINGTON VA, *EPIDEMIOLOGY, DIARRHEA,...
The articles in this issue cover the gamut of force health protection concerns, from extensive research studies and surveillance, to solutions for potential threats. As you read this AMEDD Journal, you will be impressed and educated by the breadth and depth of this vital work and vigilance that are never-ending, mostly behind the scenes. Their success is reflected in an absence of disease and injury, and the improved health of us all. For this these medical professionals have truly earned our...
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY MEDICAL DEPT CENTER AND SCHOOL FORT SAM HOUSTON TX, *ARMY, *MILITARY MEDICINE,...
Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) is an important human and animal alphavirus pathogen transmitted by mosquitoes. The virus is endemic in Central and South America, but has also caused equine outbreaks in southwestern areas of the United States. In an effort to better understand the molecular mechanisms of the development of immunity to this important pathogen, we performed whole genome transcriptional analysis from whole, unfractionated human blood of patients who had been immunized...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Erwin-Cohen, Rebecca A, USAMRIID Frederick United States, Mosquito borne diseases,...
