The report on the findings of extensive empirical research on equality of educational opportunities carried out in the United States on a very large sample of public schools by Coleman and his colleagues has had a major impact on education policy and has given rise to a large amount of research and various interpretations. However, as some interpreters have highlighted, even more important than the findings of the survey themselves has been Coleman's redefinition of equality of opportunity,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Equal Education, Outcomes of Education, Research Reports, Educational Research,...
This Critical Issues Bibliography (CRIB) Sheet focuses on collaboration between academic and student affairs to enhance student learning. Research reveals that the separation of academic and student affairs has a negative impact on student learning, while collaboration between these sectors of the institution enhances student learning. The resources in this annotated bibliography are divided into these sections: (1) the collaborative paradigm describing the rationale behind partnerships; (2)...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Annotated Bibliographies, Cooperation, Educational Administration, Educational...
The final report describes the Charlotte Circle Project, an early intervention demonstration project operated from 1985-1988 in Charlotte, North Carolina. The report examines the project's model, the participating children and families, and evaluative findings regarding its implementation, outcome, and impact. The project served 25 children with a mean age of 18.9 months. All children exhibited severe disabilities. Project outcome data indicated significant gains of almost double the expected...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Early Childhood Education, Infants, Intervention, Outcomes of Education, Program...
In this paper, the authors explore the latest manifestation of backward curriculum discourse, namely, a theory of "backward" unit design. The authors view this "backward" curriculum discourse as foundationally positivist and/or structural, yet they adopt a poststructural point of view. This theoretical undergirding makes it possible to rethink underlying, taken for granted assumptions. Their focus is on illuminating the potential problems of "structure-based,"...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Curriculum Design, Models, Educational Trends, Outcomes of Education, Educational...
A bibliography is provided of research literature reviews and empirical research citations that address the effects of the educational facility's physical environment on educational outcomes. A total of 123 references are listed dating from 1964 through 1998. (GR)
Topics: ERIC Archive, Bibliographies, Educational Environment, Educational Facilities, Elementary Secondary...
There is great demand at the federal, state and local levels for hard, cold facts to demonstrate the effectiveness of education programs. In this article, the author discusses ways to utilize data in making the case for career and technical education (CTE). The right information, gathered from internal and external sources, can arm CTE program officials with the data necessary to make the case. (Contains 7 online resources.)
Topics: ERIC Archive, Vocational Education, Data, Program Effectiveness, Persuasive Discourse, Evidence,...
The study examined the effect of an early childhood education program on educational attainment by age 28. The study analyzed data from 900 individuals who completed the Child-Parent Center Education Program for preschool and kindergarten and 486 individuals from similar backgrounds who completed alternative kindergarten programs through the Chicago Effective Schools Project. Both groups completed kindergarten in 1986. The study found positive, statistically significant differences on four...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Early Childhood Education, Educational Attainment, Outcomes of Education, Program...
An understanding of culture in organisations can offer insights into individual and group behaviour, and leadership. It can help to explain not just what happens in an organisation, but why it happens. However, many people are concerned not just with understanding culture, and hence organisational life. They see culture as something to be influenced to achieve organisational goals of productivity, profitability, and success in core business. They want to manage culture. This fact sheet has been...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Organizational Change, Ethics, Organizational Culture, Productivity, Outcomes of...
A lot of structural reforms of education system have been and are being discussed at length in the general public and among experts. Many hope this discussion will lead to progress in the form of structural measures and frequently point to PISA as evidence in support of this hope. However, educational research beyond Pisa shows that in many cases, this hope remains just that, a hope, and that there is no causal relationship between structural measures and the desired success. In the present...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Educational Change, Outcomes of Education, Teacher Education, Teacher Attitudes,...
This paper makes the case that the intensifying pressure to assess higher educational outcomes objectively must be balanced by the inclusion of professional judgment. Mere numbers cannot tell the whole story of educational achievement. The tenacious attachment to positivism distances assessment and quality improvement from more inclusive ways of knowing. Assessment and quality improvement cannot avoid the knotty problem of how reality is discerned. The two key principles of positivism, the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Accountability, Educational Assessment, Higher Education, Measurement Techniques,...
During its first 14 years of existence, the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) was located at the Education Commission of the States (ECS). This annotated bibliography of 575 references lists all major publications by or about NAEP published between 1969 and 1983. References are in a classified arrangement, by specific or special assessment. Documents not dealing with a specific assessment are grouped by: Methodological Publications; Special Analyses; and General and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Annotated Bibliographies, Educational Assessment, National Surveys, Outcomes of...
Summarizes findings from the annual survey of Community College of Philadelphia (CCP) graduates regarding their development of the general education skills and affective attributes outlined in the college mission (e.g., interpersonal growth, appreciation for diversity, etc.). The survey includes measures of mission effectiveness based on graduates' self-assessments of the progress they made regarding specific objectives while enrolled at the institution. One survey question asked students to...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Community Colleges, Educational Assessment, Educational Indicators, Outcomes of...
Career and technical education (CTE) is increasingly being seen as a major contributor to the recovery of the U.S. economy. However, questions exist as to the effectiveness and impact of CTE. One is whether the federal investment (Carl D. Perkins Act) in CTE is paying off. To answer this, there is a need to establish the "internal efficiency" of CTE by comparing the costs and benefits of implementing CTE at the local or state levels. A second question is whether CTE has a measurable...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Outcomes of Education, Vocational Education, Case Studies, Labor Force Development,...
The graduate of the Glazier apprenticeship program is a certified journeyperson who will be able to: (1) be skilful in cutting, preparing, fabricating or other handling of all glass materials for buildings, fixtures and other uses; (2) do the glazing, setting, attachment, installation, removal of all types of glass material for buildings, fixtures and other uses; (3) be capable of doing the installation, fitting fabrication and attachment of architectural metals or related products for all...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, Industry, Course Descriptions, Apprenticeships, Skilled Workers,...
Discussed in this ERIC Digest are the quality of infant day care and aspects of the debate on infant attachment. Characteristics of current infant day care provisions are reported. Program quality is discussed in terms of: (1) structural features, such as group size, staff-child ratios, caregiver training, equipment, space; (2) dynamic aspects, including experiences and interactions; and (3) contextual features, notably staff stability and turnover, and type of setting. A section on effects of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Attachment Behavior, Day Care, Early Childhood Education, Educational Quality,...
This report describes student academic achievement assessment activities at Front Range Community College (FRCC) (Colorado). According to this plan, all major decisions within the college will be based on four strategic initiatives: quality of student experience; excellence of human resources; college flexibility and responsibility; and cutting-edge technology. For assessment purposes, FRCC identified 47 academic instructional program areas that offer certificates, degrees, transfer courses,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Academic Achievement, Accountability, Community Colleges, Outcomes of Education,...
Pre-apprenticeships are becoming an increasingly important component of the Australian vocational education and training (VET) system. The purpose of this report is to investigate the level of pre-apprenticeship activity occurring in Australia and to examine the characteristics of pre-apprenticeship courses and the students undertaking those courses. With the absence of a pre-apprenticeship identifier in the National VET Provider Collection, the authors' approach was to compile a list of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, Apprenticeships, Vocational Education, Courses, Enrollment,...
Using test results to improve instruction is vital to improving the education system, but equally important is to report results to other stakeholders. These stakeholders include the students who took the test, their parents or guardians, other parents in the school or district, the local school board, and the public at large. Effective reporting is essential if the data have been and will be used to improve student learning. The purpose of this chapter is to describe some ways in which...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Accountability, Educational Assessment, Educational Testing, Outcomes of Education,...
Assessment has become inseparable from formal education--and it's probably here to stay. The problem for many educators is that the term, "assessment" is full of paradox, and has taken on different meanings for different people. Assessment has become a driving force and factor in the funding of schools, teacher evaluation, curriculum development, the adaptation of curriculum and testing for special needs learners, determining mission and vision for schools, the retention of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Student Evaluation, Music Education, Prosocial Behavior, Attitudes, Outcomes of...
Continuity is one of the great facilitators of educational impact--measurable phenomena of positive or negative value which follow the completion of a project or program. It is assumed that continuity in educational research leads to accumulations of (1) research skills, (2) knowledge about previous related research, (3) contacts with like-minded researchers, and (4) data sources. It is further assumed that such accumulations increase the probability that the researcher-produced knowledge will...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Educational Research, Evaluation, Outcomes of Education, Research Projects, Research...
Causality is an inextricable part of the educational process, as our understanding of what works in education depends on our ability to make causal attributions. Yet, the research and policy literature in education tends to define causality narrowly as the attribution of educational outcomes to intervention effects in a randomized control trial context. This reduction of the educational process to simple input-output relationships leaves important questions unattended about how change is...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Attribution Theory, Educational Research, Educational Practices, Change, Systems...
Perceptions of the aging process are of vital concern to the study of life span development. To investigate the effect of formal instruction about the aging process on students' perceptions, and to examine the relationship between performance on the Facts on Aging Quiz (FAQ) and respondent variables (age, sex, school rank and major, course participation, and performance), 122 predominatly female college students, evenly divided into either an experimental or a control condition, completed the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Aging Education, Aging (Individuals), College Students, Higher Education, Knowledge...
At Northeast Missouri State University, where faculty have directed student outcomes assessment for 20 years, assessment is expanding to include a broader university mission of developing the whole person. As assessment becomes more comprehensive, expanding into out-of-class experiences, there is a risk of losing faculty support. Three fundamental challenges are: (1) being prepared for the argument that assessing non-academic student development should be a student affairs issue; (2) contending...
Topics: ERIC Archive, College Faculty, College Outcomes Assessment, Higher Education, Outcomes of...
Composition scholars have contributed many theoretical analyses that WPAs and teachers might apply to first-year composition textbooks in order to make informed decisions about book adoption and implementation. As they offer critiques of the ideological effects of FYC books, many of these studies call composition textbooks "tools" without exploring the implications of textbook "qua" tool. The following essay addresses this unexamined area by developing a theory of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Writing (Composition), Textbooks, Scholarship, Rhetoric, Critical Thinking, Outcomes...
The cognitive and affective domains of learning outcomes--i.e., intellectual skills, verbal information, cognitive strategies, and attitudes--are parts of every schema. Located within an individual schema, these capabilities are interrelated, and acquiring one capability is likely to have an effect on other types of capabilities within the same schema. The central role of the intellectual skills domain and advantages of integrating various outcome domains, also known as accompanying objectives,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Behavioral Objectives, Instructional Design, Learning Processes, Metacognition,...
Recent evidence using compulsory schooling laws as instruments for education suggests that education has a causal effect on mortality (Lleras-Muney, 2005). However, little is known about how exactly education affects health. This paper uses compulsory schooling laws to try to identify how education impacts health and to indirectly assess the merit of using these laws to infer the causal effect of education on health. I find that previous Census mortality results are not robust to the inclusion...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Compulsory Education, School Law, Mortality Rate, Health, Immunization Programs,...
Provides information from 1,504 graduates of selected occupational programs regarding the effectiveness of their Illinois community college experience. Data for this report were obtained from responses to a standardized survey. The survey instrument addresses attendance objective, education status, employment status, salary, employment start-up, geographic location of employment, and satisfaction with employment and components of the educational program completed. Part 1 of this report provides...
Topics: ERIC Archive, College Graduates, Community Colleges, Graduate Surveys, Outcomes of Education, Two...
The Coalition of Essential Schools (CES) is entering its 25th year as an organization and a network of schools dedicated to transforming the experience of schools and education for young people, their teachers, and their communities nationwide. The practice of educators to engage in cycles of inquiry and actions that address challenges and improve outcomes evolved directly from the "conversation among friends" that began 25 years ago. The first wave of Essential schools, and early...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Educational Change, Educational Improvement, Action Research, Best Practices,...
The "Context of Discourse" is a major component of a proposed model of the outcomes of literacy. The Context of Discourse is defined by three major components (situation, vantage points, and content and language) and the 10 related outcomes of literacy (including purpose, audience, point of view, disciplinary perspective, and conceptual and theoretical orientation). There are 36 combinations of variables in the model creating different interactions and outcomes. Each category of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Alternative Assessment, Elementary Secondary Education, Higher Education, Literacy,...
This study proposed improvements to the sole question posed former students in the British Columbia (BC) colleges and institutes Student Outcomes Survey concerning the incidence of students requesting "transfer credits" and the problems associated with it. The current survey question asked students whether or not they attempted to transfer credits, whether any problems were encountered, and what these problems were in broad terms. By analyzing both the quantitative and qualitative...
Topics: ERIC Archive, College Transfer Students, Foreign Countries, Higher Education, Outcomes of...
This report is intended to document the status of the development of the McREL Approach for McREL staff and contract sponsors. It provides a description of the McREL Approach ? the content of the Approach as well as the theory of change and theory of action that are embedded in the Approach. To provide a context for the McREL Approach, a brief history of recent school reform efforts is provided in the first section. The next sections present information on various models of educational change...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Educational Change, Educational Improvement, Models, Outcomes of Education, Dean,...
Public concern about day care now focuses on infants and toddlers who began receiving out-of-home care before they had established attachments to their parents. In 1987, public conscience was inflamed by a series of reports in the popular media and the professional literature that underscored potential risks inherent in out-of-home care intiated when children were at an early age. It is maintained that the conclusions of these reports are not justified. Numerous problems in the reports resulted...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Day Care, Early Childhood Education, Infants, Outcomes of Education, Research...
Initial work on the European qualifications framework (EQF) started in autumn 2004. Partly triggered by this initiative, qualifications frameworks have since become integral parts of almost all education and training systems in Europe. Outside Europe, more and more countries and regions (such as Asia-Pacific) are rapidly developing and implementing qualifications frameworks. Over this period, Cedefop has been systematically mapping and analysing emergence of qualifications frameworks in...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, Employment Qualifications, Program Implementation, Barriers, Labor...
Across the country, groups of people who often haven't worked together previously are combining their talents and resources to improve outcomes for children and youth. They often form groups called collaboratives. This packet provides some guidance for what makes such collaborative efforts successful and what gets in the way. It is designed as an introduction to the nature and scope of working collaboratively at various levels of intervention. Specifically, the content focuses on clarifying...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Educational Resources, Intervention, Outcomes of Education, Partnerships in...
The field of educational technology is under external pressure to provide evidence of identifiable learning outcomes that can be attributed to technology. Leaders within the educational technology research community agree about the importance of such evidence. Each year, ISTE and the Society for Information Technology and Teacher Education (SITE) cosponsor a National Technology Leadership Summit (NTLS) to consider such issues. One goal is to proactively facilitate needed research that will...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Information Technology, Educational Technology, Outcomes of Education, Pedagogical...
The transitions students make from high school to postsecondary education represent a significant opportunity and challenge to policymakers in Alberta, Canada. This document analyzes characteristics of the 1998-1999 grade-12 cohort entering Alberta postsecondary institutions in fall 1999 using various school system data. Approximately 30% of all grade 12 students, and 38% of graduates, entered a postsecondary institution in Alberta in the fall of 1999. More than 1 in 10 students leaving school...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, High School Graduates, High Schools, Higher Education, Outcomes of...
This study uses measurements of social background variables, mental ability, educational attainment, occupational status, and earnings among male, Wisconsin high school graduates and a random sample of their brothers to develop and interpret simple models of socioeconomic achievement. The study was designed to contribute to the data on the influence of education on social mobility. Maximum likelihood estimates for pooled samples of fraternal pairs from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study where...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Family Influence, High Schools, Income, Males, Outcomes of Education, Siblings,...
This issue of "Educational Technology News" presents a look at recent Center for Technology research and development efforts. In particular, it includes the following two articles: (1) a summative, in-depth look at the research and findings of "A Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness of Teaching and Learning With Technology on Student Outcomes" (full report available online-see article for details); and (2) an informative peek at the content of NCREL's Quick Key No. 7 about...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Educational Technology, Teaching Methods, Outcomes of Education, Scientific Research,...
Harvard Family Research Project's series of Out-of-School Time Evaluation Snapshots distills the wealth of information compiled in our Out-of-School Time Program Evaluation Database into a single report. Each Snapshot examines a specific aspect of out-of-school time (OST) evaluation. This Snapshot describes the common data collection methods used by current out-of-school time programs to evaluate their implementation and outcomes.
Topics: ERIC Archive, Program Evaluation, Research Methodology, Research Projects, Data Collection, After...
Research in student learning can be based on a theoretical framework, observations of students' learning, the products of this learning, and students' own conceptions of the subject and of learning. In the final analysis, such investigations have a clear purpose--to improve student learning. We report on using the results of research into student learning in statistics to improve the learning environment in a university class on regression analysis. We believe this is an effective method of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Researchers, Investigations, Statistics, Action Research, Outcomes of Education,...
A theoretical and conceptual analysis of techniques used to measure education's contribution to productivity is followed by a discussion of the empirical measures implemented by various researchers. Standard methods of growth accounting make sense for simple measurement of factor contributions where outputs are well measured and when factor growth is exogenous. For education and other forms of producer capital, which are legitimately viewed as intermediate products, the standard techniques seem...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Economic Research, Education, Investment, Measurement Techniques, Outcomes of...
The educational system of the United States reflects U.S. respect for both diversity and equality. Differences in students' aspirations are accommodated by offering both precollegiate and vocational education. Three essential major purposes of education are the civic, the personal, and the utilitarian. Where the civic and personal ends of education are concerned, Americans have essentially the same goals for all students. When the utilitarian ends of education are considered, more serious...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Educational Objectives, Educational Principles, Outcomes of Education, Role of...
U.S. educational events during 1987 included plans for a national board to certify teachers, federal appeals court decisions that overturned Tennessee and Alabama textbook censorship cases, the U.S. Supreme Court's finding as to the unconstitutionality of Louisiana's creation science law, and concern about rapid increases in college costs. This document highlights events that involved: (1) educational reform programs; (2) the courts and fundamentalists; (3) curriculum concerns; (4) controversy...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Elementary Secondary Education, Higher Education, Outcomes of Education, Public...
This ERIC Digest discusses reasons for using cooperative learning approaches in preschool centers and primary school classrooms, ways to implement the strategy, and the long-term benefits for children's education. It is pointed out that early childhood educators can use many of the strategies currently used to encourage cooperation and interaction in older children. Ten basic steps for the successful implementation of cooperative learning activities are listed. (RH)
Topics: ERIC Archive, Cooperative Learning, Early Childhood Education, Educational Practices, Outcomes of...
This report for South Carolina's Trident Technical College (TTC) includes the following Institutional Effectiveness components: majors or concentrations, academic advising, two-year to four-year transfer, and library resources and services. Across the programs, the most common effectiveness indicators include job placement rates, number of graduates, employer satisfaction, graduate satisfaction, student success in specified course, student satisfaction with courses and instructors, and fall...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Institutional Evaluation, Outcomes of Education, Program Improvement, School...
Growing demands for accountability and useful measurement of educational outcomes have contributed to increasing efforts to develop or refine more valid and reliable methods of educational assessment. More states are designing high-quality indicator systems for evaluation at the school, district, and state levels. Seven recommendations derived from research and practice for developing practical indicator systems are presented in this educational policy bulletin, with a focus on defining...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Accountability, Educational Assessment, Elementary Secondary Education, Evaluation...
While the benefits of education have been widely researched, little attention has been paid to the specific benefits of vocational education and training (VET). These benefits are shared by individuals and enterprises as well as the economy and society more generally. Training provided by an enterprise increases workers' satisfaction and increases productivity. In turn, higher productivity can improve competitiveness and contribute to higher economic growth. There is also evidence that the wage...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Vocational Education, Educational Benefits, Community Benefits, Outcomes of...
This collection profiles 10 outstanding graduates of Pennsylvania adult basic education program (ABE) between the years of 1968 and 1984 and the 10 persons who were selected as outstanding graduates from the class of 1988. The first half of the collection contains biographies of the life and career achievements of the following individuals: a teacher from the class of 1968, a social worker from the class of 1976, a nurse from the class of 1977, a physician from the class of 1978, a college...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Academic Achievement, Adult Basic Education, Biographies, Employment Level,...
The Native Hawaiian Education Act (NHEA) seeks to develop innovative educational programs to assist Native Hawaiians. The Department of Education (Education) administers NHEA and has provided grants for a wide range of activities. Education is authorized to establish a Native Hawaiian Education Council and seven island councils to help implement NHEA. To inform reauthorization, GAO was asked to analyze (1) what is known about NHEA's impact on Native Hawaiian education; (2) Education's efforts...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Hawaiians, Grants, Accountability, Educational Innovation, Federal Legislation,...
Presents an overview of the linking of the strategic planning, institutional effectiveness and student outcomes assessment, and resource allocation processes at Arizona's Paradise Valley Community College (PVCC). The Institutional Effectiveness and Student Outcomes Assessment Model was designed to be integrated into the planning and budgeting processes. The assessment of institutional effectiveness involves a two-phased process: (1) gathering data indicators; and (2) creating in-depth review...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Community Colleges, Outcomes of Education, Resource Allocation, School Effectiveness,...
