THIS PROJECT WAS TO DETERMINE--(1) THE EFFECTIVENESS OF A SUMMER REMEDIAL PROGRAM IN PREPARING UNDERACHIEVING HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATES FOR SUCCESSFUL COMPLETION OF THE FIRST SEMESTER OF A 2-YEAR TERMINAL JUNIOR COLLEGE PROGRAM, AND (2) IF VOCATIONAL-PERSONAL COUNSELING HAS A DIFFERENTIATING EFFECT IN THEIR ACHIEVEMENT OF THAT GOAL. FORTY SUBJECTS WERE SELECTED WHO FAILED TO MEET NORMAL COLLEGE ADMISSION CRITERIA. A 7-WEEK REMEDIAL TREATMENT PROGRAM WAS ADMINISTERED, AFTER WHICH ALL SUBJECTS WERE...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Achievement, Counseling Services, Counselors, High School Graduates, Pretests...
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF AN INTEREST-MOTIVATED METHOD OF INSTRUCTION IN REMEDIAL ENGLISH WAS EVALUATED. ALL STUDENTS INVOLVED IN THE PROJECT WERE PERSONS WHO HAD GRADUATED FROM HIGH SCHOOLS IN THE LOWER 40 PERCENT OF THEIR CLASSES. THEY WERE ADMITTED TO COLLEGE ON A PROBATIONARY BASIS. EIGHT GROUPS OF STUDENTS WERE INVOLVED. FOUR GROUPS WERE DESIGNATED AS EXPERIMENTAL, AND THEIR CLASS PROCEDURE FOLLOWED THE INTEREST-MOTIVATED METHOD OF INSTRUCTION. THE REMAINING GROUPS FOLLOWED A TRADITIONAL...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Academic Achievement, English Instruction, Motivation, Performance, Pretesting,...
AN INVESTIGATION WAS MADE TO DETERMINE TO WHAT EXTENT TWO METHODS OF ITEM ANALYSIS - NORM REFERENCED AND CRITERION REFERENCED - YIELD THE SAME RELATIVE EVALUATION OF TEST ITEMS. ITEMS WHICH DISCRIMINATED WELL BETWEEN STUDENTS SCORING HIGH AND LOW ON POST-TESTS WERE STUDIED TO SEE IF THEY ALSO DISCRIMINATED WELL BETWEEN PRETRAINING AND POST-TRAINING GROUPS. TWO SETS OF INDEXES WERE COMPUTED FOR THE ITEMS ON EACH OF TWO ARITHMETIC TESTS (ADDITION AND MULTIPLICATION), WHICH HAD BEEN GIVEN BOTH AS...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Diagnostic Tests, Discriminant Analysis, Individual Instruction, Item Analysis,...
FOREIGN LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY TESTS OF THE MODERN LANGUAGE ASSOCATION WERE USED TO DETERMINE THE DEGREE OF IMPROVEMENT ACHIEVED BY 2,300 FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHERS WHO RECEIVED ADVANCED TRAINING IN THE 1966 NDEA SUMMER FOREIGN LANGUAGE INSTITUTES. TEACHERS OF FRENCH, GERMAN, ITALIAN, RUSSIAN, AND SPANISH IN 52 INSTITUTES WERE TESTED AT THE BEGINNING AND THE END OF THE INSTITUTES IN THE SEVEN FIELDS IN WHICH INSTRUCTION WAS OFFERED--LISTENING COMPREHENSION, SPEAKING, READING, WRITING, APPLIED...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Institutes (Training Programs), Language Proficiency, Language Teachers, Language...
POST-TEST INTELLIGENCE SCORES OF YOUNG NEGRO CHILDREN OBTAINED FOLLOWING A 6-MONTH LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT PROJECT WERE COMPARED ACCORDING TO THE RACE AND SEX OF THE EXAMINER ADMINISTERING THE TEST. PRETEST SCORES OBTAINED PRIOR TO LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT HAD INDICATED THAT NEGRO EXAMINERS PRODUCED SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER STANFORD-BINET IQ SCORES THAN WHITE EXAMINERS. A SIMILAR, NONSIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE HAD BEEN FOUND FOR SCORES ON THE ILLINOIS TEST OF PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ABILITIES (ITPA). IN THE PRESENT...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Black Students, Child Development, Demonstration Programs, Disadvantaged, Early...
A 2-MONTH BASIC EDUCATION PROGRAM TESTED WHETHER A TOKEN REINFORCEMENT MIGHT BE AN EFFECTIVE INCENTIVE TO STIMULATE A DESIRED EDUCATIONAL BEHAVIOR. THE SUBJECTS (SS) WERE TWO MATCHED GROUPS OF FIVE 16- TO 21-YEAR-OLD GIRLS WHO WERE SCHOOL DROPOUTS EMPLOYED IN A NEIGHBORHOOD YOUTH CORPS (NYC) PROGRAM. A CLASSROOM GROUP WAS GIVEN A BASIC EDUCATION PROGRAM WITH TOKEN REINFORCEMENT AND THE NYC JOB PLACEMENT, WHILE A JOB GROUP RECEIVED ONLY THE NYC PLACEMENT. BOTH GROUPS WERE PAID ACCORDING TO THE...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Academic Achievement, Basic Skills, Control Groups, Dropouts, Educational...
THE SHORT- AND LONG-RANGE EFFECTS OF A LANGUAGE STIMULATION PROGRAM ON THE LINGUISTIC ABILITY AND INTELLIGENCE OF EDUCATIONALLY DISADVANTAGED FIRST-GRADE NEGRO CHILDREN WERE STUDIED. SUBJECTS WERE RANDOMLY PLACED IN EXPERIMENTS (E) AND CONTROL (C) GROUPS OF 32 PUPILS MATCHED ON STANDARDIZED PRETEST BATTERIES WHICH DETERMINED THEIR LANGUAGE AND MENTAL AGES. THEY ALSO WERE MATCHED BY SEX AND SOCIAL CLASS. THE E-GROUP RECEIVED THE FIRST 40 LESSONS IN THE EXPERIMENTAL EDITION OF THE PEABODY...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Blacks, Educationally Disadvantaged, Followup Studies, Grade 1, Intelligence,...
BEGINNING WITH A REVIEW OF THE NURSERY SCHOOL MOVEMENT (FROEBEL, MONTESSORI, AND MCMILLAN,) THIS EVALUATION RELATES THE HISTORICAL MATERIAL TO HEAD START, SPECIFICALLY IN CAMBRIDGE MASS. DURING THE SUMMER OF 1965, MATCHED GROUPS OF 33 HEAD START CHILDREN AND 33 NON-HEAD START CHILDREN (CONTROL GROUP) WERE STUDIED. SCHOOL PRE-REGISTRATION LISTS PROVIDED NAMES AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC INFORMATION FOR BOTH THE HEAD START CHILDREN AND THE CONTROL GROUP CHILDREN. BOTH GROUPS WERE TESTED DURING THE TWO...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Group Behavior, Poverty, Preschool Education, Preschool Evaluation, Preschool Tests,...
IN KANSAS CITY, MO., 208 NEGRO FIVE YEAR OLDS WERE STUDIED TO EXAMINE THE INFLUENCE OF HOUSING UPON CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND TO COMPARE THE RELATIVE INFLUENCE OF HOUSING ON HEAD START AND NON-HEAD START CHILDREN. FOUR GROUPS OF 52 CHILDREN EACH INCLUDED (1) HEAD START, PUBLIC HOUSING, (2) HEAD START, SLUM HOUSING, (3) NON-HEAD START, PUBLIC HOUSING, (4) NON-HEAD START, SLUM HOUSING. INSTRUMENTS USED WERE "MOTHER INTERVIEWS" AND CALDWELL'S "THE PRESCHOOL INVENTORY" WHICH WAS A...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Black Housing, Black Mothers, Child Development, Development, Disadvantaged,...
RESEARCH IN PRESCHOOL EDUCATION HAS PRODUCED VARIED RESULTS, BUT IT IS FELT THAT THE EARLIER THERE IS INTERVENTION INTO UNSATISFACTORY EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, THE MORE EFFECTIVE WILL BE THE EFFORT TO REDUCE EDUCATIONAL DISABILITIES. THIS STUDY WAS DESIGNED TO INVESTIGATE THE NATURE AND DEGREE OF CHANGE IN THE PERFORMANCE OF FOUR-YEAR OLD CHILDREN BEFORE AND AFTER A PRESCHOOL TRAINING PROGRAM. THE SUBJECTS WERE APPROXIMATLEY 150 FOUR-YEAR OLD CHILDREN FROM THREE HEAD START CENTERS IN A LARGE...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Achievement Gains, Behavior Change, Disadvantaged, Evaluation, Intelligence Tests,...
THIS SUMMARY OF SELECTED HIGHLIGHTS IS FROM A MAJOR REPORT TITLED "A STUDY OF THE FULL-YEAR 1966 HEAD START PROGRAMS." THE STUDY WAS DONE TO DETERMINE WHETHER THE PERFORMANCE OF CHILDREN ON FIVE TESTS AND RATING SCALES IS RELATED TO THE LENGTH OF THE 1966 FULL-YEAR PROGRAM WHICH THEY ATTENDED. FULL-YEAR PROGRAMS WERE CLASSED AS SHORT TERM FOR 15 WEEKS, OR LESS, MEDIUM TERM FOR 17 TO 23 WEEKS, AND LONG TERM FOR 25 WEEKS OR MORE. NINETEEN TESTERS WHO FULFILLED SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS WERE...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Behavior Development, Child Development, Comparative Testing, Disadvantaged Youth,...
THIS STUDY IS AN ATTEMPT TO DETERMINE AND COMPARE THE STATUS AND DEGREE OF CHANGE IN SELECTED EDUCATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS AMONG THREE GROUPS OF CHILDREN WHO ENTERED CAMDEN, NEW JERSEY KINDERGARTEN IN SEPTEMBER 1965. THERE WERE 300 CHILDREN DIVIDED INTO THREE MAJOR GROUPS (1) 102 CHILDREN WHO PARTICIPATED IN THE SUMMER HEAD START PROGRAM, (2) 100 CHILDREN WHO DID NOT PARTICIPATE IN THE HEAD START PROGRAM AND WERE CULTURALLY DISADVANTAGED, AND (3) 98 CHILDREN WHO WERE NON-CULTURALLY...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Advantaged, Diagnostic Tests, Disadvantaged, Educational Status Comparison, Equal...
PURPOSES OF THIS STUDY WERE TO EXPLORE THE FEASIBILITY OF SYMBOLIC LOGIC AS AN EXPERIMENTAL TASK TO BE PRESENTED USING PROGRAMED INSTRUCTION ON TEACHING MACHINES, TO DEVELOP A STANDARD PROGRAM AND RELIABLE CRITERION MEASURES OF ITS CONTENT, AND TO INVESTIGATE EFFECTS OF RESPONSE MODE, FEEDBACK, AND PROGRAM CONSTRUCTION ON LEARNING RATE AND ON IMMEDIATE AND DELAYED PERFORMANCE MEASURES. 6 EXPERIMENTAL GROUPS OF 10 COLLEGE STUDENTS EACH LEARNED TO CONSTRUCT LOGICAL PROOFS. 2 GROUPS USED A...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Feedback, Logic, Pretests Posttests, Programed Instruction, Responses, Retention...
TO DETERMINE WHETHER SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES EXIST IN SKILL PERFORMANCE AS A RESULT OF HEAD START EXPERIENCE AND TO DETERMINE WHETHER THESE DIFFERENCES EXIST BETWEEN TWO ETHNIC GROUPS, 17 ANGLO-AMERICAN AND 62 MEXICAN-AMERICAN CULTURALLY DISADVANTAGED CHILDREN WERE PRE-TESTED AND POST-TESTED DURING THE SUMMER OF 1965 IN CONNECTION WITH SIX-WEEK HEAD START PROGRAMS IN COSTA MESA AND FULLERTON, CALIFORNIA. FIVE TEACHERS USING MODIFIED MONTESSORI MATERIALS STRESSED THREE DEVELOPMENTAL AREAS, (1)...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Anglo Americans, Cultural Influences, Developmental Programs, Disadvantaged,...
THREE GROUPS OF DISADVANTAGED CHILDREN WERE ESTABLISHED IN ORDER TO INVESTIGATE THE EFFECT ON ACHIEVEMENT OF PROVIDING SOME CHILDREN WITH A PRESCHOOL PROGRAM AND SOME CHILDREN WITH NO SUCH PROGRAM. AN EXPERIMENTAL GROUP OF HEAD START CHILDREN WERE MATCHED ACCORDING TO SEX, RACE, GENERAL LEVEL OF INTELLIGENCE, AND PARENT'S OCCUPATIONAL LEVEL WITH A CONTROL GROUP OF NON-HEAD START CHILDREN. THE SUBJECTS INVOLVED WERE APPROXIMATELY FOUR TO FIVE YEARS OLD AND ABOUT 200 IN NUMBER. A THIRD...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Achievement, Comparative Analysis, Control Groups, Disadvantaged, Enrichment...
THE OBJECTIVES OF THIS PROJECT WERE TO PREPARE AND FIELD TEST INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS FOR USE WITH ADULTS READING BELOW THE SEVENTH GRADE LEVEL. TWO STUDIES WERE MADE IN NORTHERN FLORIDA IN 1967 OF GAINS IN READING VOCABULARY AND COMPREHENSION BY STUDENTS USING TRADITIONAL MATERIALS. THE HIGH DROPOUT RATE IN THE FIRST STUDY PRECLUDED USEFUL GENERALIZATIONS, BUT THE SECOND GAIN STUDY SHOWED SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE PRETEST AND POSTTEST SCORES OF BOTH GROUPS IN BOTH SKILLS. THERE WAS...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Basic Education, Adult Students, Dropout Rate, Evaluation, Evaluation Methods,...
PREKINDERGARTENS IN 8 NEW YORK STATE SCHOOL SYSTEMS WERE EVALUATED TO FIND OUT IF THE CHILDREN INVOLVED SHOWED INCREASED CAPACITY TO LEARN, AND IMPROVEMENT IN LANGUAGE AND COGNITIVE SKILLS. 1010 DISADVANTAGED AND 225 NONDISADVANTAGED SUBJECTS WERE RANDOMLY ASSIGNED TO EXPERIMENTAL AND CONTROL GROUPS AND PRE- AND POST-TESTED WITH THE STANFORD-BINET AND THE PEABODY PICTURE VOCABULARY TEST. AT THE END OF THE PREKINDERGARTEN YEARS THE ILLINOIS TEST OF PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ABILITIES WAS GIVEN, AND LATE...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Achievement Gains, Cognitive Development, Comparative Testing, Disadvantaged Youth,...
A STUDY WAS CONDUCTED TO FIND OUT WHAT MENTAL PROCESSES ARE INVOLVED IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONCEPT OF CONSERVATION OF CONTINUOUS QUANTITY, AT WHAT AGES THESE PROCESSES ARE DEVELOPED IN CHILDREN, AND WHETHER THEY ARE ADEQUATELY EXPLAINED BY PIAGET'S THEORY. ONE HUNDRED 5.75 TO 7-YEAR-OLDS WITH A MEAN I.Q. OF 105 WERE PRETESTED AND CLASSIFIED AS CONSERVERS, NON-CONSERVERS, OR PARTIAL CONSERVERS. HALF OF THE NON-CONSERVERS AND HALF OF THE PARTIAL CONSERVERS WERE GIVEN 1 15-MINUTE TRAINING...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Cognitive Development, Cognitive Measurement, Concept Formation, Learning Plateaus,...
TO COUNTERACT THE NEGATIVE ATTITUDES AND ABNORMAL ATMOSPHERE AMONG DEAF CHILDREN IN RESIDENTIAL SCHOOLS, A SEX EDUCATION CURRICULUM WAS DEVELOPED BY A STUDY GROUP COMPOSED OF TEAHCERS OF THE DEAF, SOCIAL HYGIENE PERSONNEL, AND A SOCIOLOGIST. A CONTROL GROUP WAS OBTAINED FROM THE INDIANA SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF MATCHING FACTORS SUCH AS AGE, SEX, ACHIEVEMENT, AND IQ WITH AN EXPERIMENTAL GROUP FROM THE ILLINOIS SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF. THE K-12 SEX EDUCATION CURRICULUM WAS PRESENTED TO THE EXPERIMENTAL...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adolescents, Children, Curriculum, Curriculum Design, Curriculum Development,...
THIS DOCUMENT EXAMINES 3 METHODS OF PRESCHOOL INTERVENTION, (1) HOME TUTORING SERVICES, (2) HOME TRAINING OF THE INFANT BY THE MOTHER, AND (3) CLASSROOM (NURSERY SCHOOL) INTERVENTION. THE RESULTS OF PROVIDING 1 YEAR OF TUTORING IN THE HOME OF DISADVANTAGED CHILDREN WAS ENCOURAGING. THE TUTORED AND NONTUTORED CHILDREN WERE COMPARABLE ON THE CATTELL AS A PRETEST, BUT THE TUTORED CHILDREN PERFORMED HIGHER THAN THE NONTUTORED ON 31 OF 33 VARIABLES OF THE STANFORD-BINET AS A POSTTEST. THE SECOND...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Analysis of Variance, Disadvantaged Youth, Home Instruction, Home Programs, Infants,...
IN FALL 1963, ALL FRESHMEN ENTERING THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA GENERAL COLLEGE TOOK THE DIAGNOSTIC READING TEST, AND FROM THEM A 110-STUDENT EXPERIMENTAL GROUP AND A SIMILAR CONTROL GROUP WERE RANDOMLY SELECTED. THE EXPERIMENTAL GROUP STUDENTS WERE ASKED TO ENROLL IN A 1-UNIT EDUCATIONAL SKILLS COURSE, WHICH 67 COMPLETED. READING PRETEST SCORES SHOWED NO SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE GROUPS, NOR WERE SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES FOUND BETWEEN THOSE EXPERIMENTAL GROUP STUDENTS WHO COMPLETED...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Experimental Curriculum, Higher Education, Predictive Measurement, Pretests...
A POST-TEST WAS USED TO COMPARE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TWO METHODS OF TEACHING THE USE OF "WEBSTER'S SEVENTH NEW COLLEGIATE DICTIONARY." STUDENTS IN ONE SECTION OF A READING AND VOCABULARY DEVELOPMENT COURSE WERE GIVEN A PROGRAMED LEARNING SEQUENCE FOR STUDYING DICTIONARY USAGE AND WERE TOLD THAT THEY WOULD BE TESTED PERIODICALLY ON THE MATERIAL IN THE DICTIONARY'S EXPLANATORY NOTES AND ON THE PROGRAM CONTENT. IN ANOTHER SECTION STUDENTS WERE TOLD ABOUT THE TESTS, AND, ON THE DAY BEFORE...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Conventional Instruction, Dictionaries, Experimental Teaching, Pretests Posttests,...
A PROJECT TO DETERMINE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF NATIONAL TEACHER CORPS (NTC) INTERNS IN THE ATLANTA, GEORGIA SCHOOL SYSTEM WAS DESIGNED TO FIND OUT IF THE INTERNS HAD HELPED THE DISADVANTAGED PUPILS IN THEIR CLASSES TO RAISE ACHIEVEMENT LEVELS AND IMPROVE SELF-CONCEPTS. SPECIFIC RESEARCH OBJECTIVES WERE (1) TO ASSESS THE PROGRESS IN VERBAL MENTAL AGE ATTAINED BY NTC PUPILS AS MEASURED BY A PRE- AND POSTTEST ON THE PEABODY PICTURE VOCABULARY TEST AND THE GOODENOUGH DRAW-A-MAN TEST, (2) TO COMPARE...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Achievement Gains, Beginning Teachers, Disadvantaged Youth, Pretesting, Pretests...
TWENTY-SEVEN DISADVANTAGED 4-YEAR-OLDS PARTICIPATED IN A STRUCTURED PRESCHOOL PROGRAM WHICH STRESSED LANGUAGE AND COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT. THE CHILDREN WERE PLACED IN EITHER A MORNING OR AN AFTERNOON CLASS. THESE CLASSES WERE SUBDIVIDED INTO 3 ABILITY GROUPS, EACH WITH ITS OWN TEACHER WHO STAYED WITH HER CHILDREN. CONTENT AREA MATERIALS USED IN TEACHING MATH CONCEPTS, LANGUAGE ARTS AND READING READINESS, SOCIAL STUDIES AND SCIENCE WERE KEPT IN DIFFERENT ROOMS. THE TEACHER MOVED FROM ROOM TO ROOM...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Achievement Gains, Child Development, Class Activities, Cognitive Development,...
SIXTY-NINE MEXICAN AND NEGRO PRESCHOOL CHILDREN RANGING IN AGE FROM 5 TO 7 YEARS TOOK PART IN A STUDY TO FIND OUT IF MATERIAL REWARDS GIVEN TO HEAD START CHILDREN WOULD AFFECT THE ATTITUDES OF MOTHERS AND TEACHERS TOWARDS THE CHILDREN. BOTH MOTHERS AND TEACHERS RATED THE CHILDREN ON THE HEAD START SOCIAL BEHAVIOR INVENTORY, AND MOTHERS ALSO ESTIMATED THEIR CHILDREN'S ABILITIES TO DO TASKS ADAPTED FROM THE CALDWELL PRESCHOOL INVENTORY (PSI). THE CHILDREN WERE PRETESTED ON THE PSI AND THE PEABODY...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Ability Identification, Academic Achievement, Analysis of Variance, Attitude Change,...
TO FIND OUT IF CULTURALLY DEPRIVED CHILDREN SHOW CHANGE IN ACADEMIC READINESS AS A RESULT OF SPECIAL PRESCHOOL PROGRAMS, 3 GROUPS OF CHILDREN (14 TO 17 IN EACH) IN 3 DULUTH SCHOOL AREAS WERE PRE- AND POSTTESTED WITH THE STANFORD-BINET AND SRA PRIMARY MENTAL ABILITIES TESTS. A CONTROL GROUP OF 30 CHILDREN FROM THE SAME 3 SCHOOL AREAS WERE GIVEN THE TESTS BUT DID NOT ATTEND PRESCHOOL. THE REGULAR HEAD START CURRICULUM WAS USED IN 1 PRESCHOOL GROUP WHILE A SECOND GROUP WAS GIVEN SPECIAL CREATIVE...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Academic Achievement, Analysis of Variance, Compensatory Education, Disadvantaged,...
IN AN ATTEMPT TO LEARN WHETHER THE HUMAN RELATIONS EMPHASIS IN A SERIES OF STUDY GROUPS INFLUENCED THE OPINIONS OF FARM OPERATOR PARTICIPANTS CONCERNING FARM LABOR, 61 OPERATORS WERE PRETESTED AND POSTTESTED WITH A 37 ITEM TEST ON WORK INCENTIVES AND MOTIVATION, PERCEPTION AND ATTITUDES, SALARY AND FRINGE BENEFITS, AND MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS AND PRACTICES. THESE FARMERS WERE RELATIVELY YOUNG AND WELL EDUCATED, HAD FAIRLY LARGE ENTERPRISES, AND EMPLOYED MANY LABORERS. THE FARMERS' MEAN SCORE ROSE...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Age Differences, Attitude Change, Dairy Farmers, Employer Employee Relationship, Farm...
PIAGET HAS PROPOSED THAT THE CONCEPT OF NUMBER IS PREDICATED ON THE CONCEPT OF CONSERVATION OF SUBSTANCE--THAT IS, THE CONCEPT THAT THE AMOUNT OR NUMBER REMAINS THE SAME DESPITE SPATIAL REARRANGEMENTS. BECAUSE OF THE CURRENT EMPHASIS ON REVISION OF MATHEMATICS CURRICULUM AND OF THE APPARENT VALUE OF NUMBER TRAINING TO PRESCHOOL DISADVANTAGED CHILDREN, THIS STUDY WAS CREATED TO INVESTIGATE (1) WHETHER TRAINING PROGRAMS CAN EFFECTIVELY TEACH 3- TO 6-YEAR-OLD CHILDREN THE CONCEPT OF CONSERVATION...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Cognitive Development, Concept Formation, Concept Teaching, Conservation (Concept),...
A STUDY WAS CONDUCTED TO FIND OUT WHETHER OR NOT A SIGNIFICANT CHANGE IN PUPILS' ACADEMIC POTENTIAL (AS MEASURED BY A STANDARDIZED GROUP TEST OF INTELLIGENCE) COULD BE MADE AS A RESULT OF APPROPRIATE MODIFICATIONS OF THE TEACHING-LEARNING ENVIRONMENT TO MEET THE SPECIFIC NEEDS OF DISADVANTAGED PUPILS. DEPRIVED NEGRO PUPILS AND THEIR TEACHERS IN TWO NEW ORLEANS URBAN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS TOOK PART IN AN EDUCATIONAL IMPROVEMENT PROJECT, INVOLVING A SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONAL PROGRAM. PRELIMINARY TESTING...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Academic Achievement, Compensatory Education, Disadvantaged Youth, Educational...
A 1965-66 CONTROLLED EXPERIMENT AT THE FIFTH AND SIXTH GRADE LEVELS WAS CONDUCTED IN SELECTED SMALL SCHOOLS IN SOUTHERN NEVADA TO DETERMINE IF SUCCESSFUL BEGINNING INSTRUCTION IN A FOREIGN LANGUAGE (SPANISH) CAN BE ACHIEVED BY NON-SPECIALIST TEACHERS WITH THE USE OF AUDIO-LINGUAL-VISUAL MATERIALS. INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS USED WERE "LA FAMILIA FERNANDEZ" FROM ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA EDUCATIONAL CORPORATION. FIVE OF THE 6 EXPERIMENTAL CLASSES WERE RATED FAVORABLY IN RELATION TO THE...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Academic Achievement, Audiolingual Methods, Audiovisual Aids, Course Evaluation,...
THE RESEARCH RESULTS FOR SEVEN AREAS OF THE SPEED READING CONTROVERSY ARE REPORTED. TERMINOLOGY FOR THE PROGRAM IS A PROBLEM AREA. MANY PEOPLE CONTEND THAT SPEED READING IS NOT READING IN THE TRADITIONAL SENSE. MEASUREMENT IS OFTEN LIMITED OR EMPHASIZES READING RATE ONLY. FIRMS, ESPECIALLY THOSE NOT CLOSELY CONNECTED WITH SCHOOLS, SOMETIMES MAKE CONTROVERSIAL CLAIMS FOR ADVERTISING. THE ABILITY TO PERCEIVE WORDS SIMULTANEOUSLY IS DEBATABLE. THE DEGREE OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SUBVOCALIZATION AND...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Diagnostic Tests, Inner Speech (Subvocal), Pretests Posttests, Reading Comprehension,...
THE OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT, CONDUCTED DURING THE PERIOD SEPTEMBER 20, 1965, TO MARCH 15, 1968 WERE TO (1) DETERMINE THE EDUCATIONAL NEEDS OF THOSE PERSONS WORKING AS SCIENTIFIC SECRETARIES, (2) DEVELOP AN INSTRUCTIONAL PROGRAM TO MEET THESE EDUCATIONAL NEEDS, (3) CONDUCT A PILOT TRAINING PROGRAM TO TEST THE ADEQUACY OF THE INSTRUCTIONAL PROGRAM, AND (4) DETERMINE THE CRITERIA AND EVALUATIVE INSTRUMENTS FOR PREDICTING THE SUCCESS OF PERSONS TO BE TRAINED. EDUCATIONAL NEEDS WERE DETERMINED...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Business Education, Curriculum Development, Curriculum Evaluation, Curriculum Guides,...
A CRUCIAL ASPECT OF TEACHER ACTIVITY UNDER INDIVIDUALLY PRESCRIBED INSTRUCTION (IPI) IN MATHEMATICS IS THE DEVELOPMENT OF INDIVIDUALIZED LESSON PLANS OR PRESCRIPTIONS. THE QUALITY OF THESE PRESCRIPTIONS IS A MAJOR DETERMINANT OF THE EXTENT TO WHICH INSTRUCTION IS ACTUALLY INDIVIDUALIZED AND THE EXTENT TO WHICH EACH PUPIL IS PERMITTED TO PROGRESS AT HIS OWN BEST PACE. THE EVALUATION OF TEACHER PERFORMANCE BASED ON A MODEL OF PRESCRIPTION WRITING SHOWS THAT INDIVIDUAL PRESCRIPTIONS VARY AMONG...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Achievement, Elementary School Mathematics, Individual Instruction, Individualized...
A STUDY WAS CONDUCTED TO DETERMINE THE FEASIBILITY OF ADAPTING FOR USE IN THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS OF AMERICA THE MUSIC TEACHING TECHNIQUES DEVELOPED BY THE GERMAN COMPOSER AND TEACHER, CARL ORFF. THE POPULATION OF AN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL WAS EMPLOYED IN THE STUDY. FIFTEEN STUDENTS FROM EACH CLASSROOM (TOTALING 180 STUDENTS) WERE RANDOMLY SELECTED FOR TESTING. FOLLOWING PRETESTING OF CERTAIN MUSIC SKILLS AND OF STUDENT ATTITUDES TOWARD MUSIC, A YEARLONG TEACHING PROGRAM INVOLVING THE SEQUENTIAL...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Basic Skills, Elementary School Students, Feasibility Studies, Heterogeneous...
POST-HIGH SCHOOL VOCATIONAL-TECHNICAL STUDENTS WAS DEVELOPED, IMPLEMENTED, AND EVALUATED IN FIVE SCHOOLS IN TERMS OF ITS ABILITY TO PROVIDE DIRECTION IN ESTABLISHING PRE-TECHNICAL PROGRAMS. READING SKILLS, STUDY SKILLS, MATHEMATICS, AND SCIENCE WERE OFFERED AS LEVEL A FOR ENTERING TRADE STUDENTS AND LEVEL B FOR ENTERING TECHNICAL STUDENTS. TEACHERS MET ONE WEEK PRIOR TO THE BEGINNING OF THE PROGRAM TO BECOME ORIENTED AND TO DEVELOP A PROPOSED CURRICULUM GUIDE WITH ASSISTANCE FROM SUBJECT-MATTER...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Course Content, Curriculum Guides, Grade Equivalent Scores, Mathematics, Pilot...
AN EXPERIMENTAL POLYSENSORY SELF-INSTRUCTIONAL SYSTEM DESIGNED TO ASSIST STUDENTS IN ACQUIRING AND APPLYING KNOWLEDGE OF THE NATURE, CONVERSION, AND TRANSMISSION OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY AND OF PRINCIPLES OF SIMPLE EELECTRICAL CIRCUITS WAS DEVELOPED AND TESTED FOR EFFECTIVENESS. RELATED LABORATORY EXERCISES WERE AN INTEGRAL PART OF THE SYSTEM WHICH CONSISTED OF A SERIES OF TAPE-SLIDE SEQUENCES PRESENTING INFORMATION IN A LINEAR PROGRAMED PATTERN AND A WORKBOOK IN WHICH THE STUDENTS WERE ASKED TO...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Autoinstructional Aids, Bibliographies, Electricity, Elementary School Students,...
Research was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a 12-week intervention program of individual instruction for disadvantaged preschool children. Based on this pretest, 17 children with IQ scores of 107 or less were selected and placed into experimental and control groups. The experimental group was exposed to individual cognitive and language development instruction designed to offset lags in intellectual growth commonly identified as effects of socioeconomic disadvantage. Tutorial...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Cognitive Development, Comparative Testing, Concept Teaching, Disadvantaged,...
An experimental program was undertaken to find a means of facilitating the teaching of art to large numbers of students in a Humanities course at the University of Miami. Original paintings were available for study in the University art gallery, but there was insufficient room for large classes in the gallery and a specialist teacher was not available. A specialist helped to prepare a programed booklet containing a branching program on a unit in Renaissance Art. This booklet was related to...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Art Education, Attitudes, College Freshmen, Experimental Groups, Experimental...
A research project was conducted to study the effects of an 8-week prekindergarten enrichment program and of two 15-month preschool enrichment programs. Pretest and posttest scores of experimental and control kindergarten children (a sample of 100 out of 1,000 subjects) showed that both groups made significant gains in all ability categories o f the Caldwell Preschool Inventory (CPI). The experimental group made significantly greater gains in numerical concept activation. In the preschool study...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Achievement Gains, Concept Formation, Control Groups, Disadvantaged, Enrichment...
The population of the study consisted of 15 high school industrial arts students, 10 freshman and sophomore college students, and 10 adults. A polysensory, self-pacing instructional system was developed which included (1) pretests and post tests, (2) a general instruction book, (3) equipment to practice arc welding, (4) programed instruction books, (5) loop films for demonstrating arc welding procedure, and (6) self-evaluation devices. Subjects were administered pretests to determine facts and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Students, College Students, Comparative Analysis, Concept Teaching, Educational...
Diagnostic instruments of the Individually Prescribed Instruction (IPI) Program measure pupil achievement in the IPI learning continuum. The IPI system employs the instructional unit to define progress in mathematics, reading and science. At the start of a school year, placement tests are administered to start the pupil in appropriate learning exercises. Unit pretests provide mastery criteria for objectives within a unit of work and help the teacher know what lesson material to prescribe for...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Achievement Rating, Achievement Tests, Diagnostic Tests, Elementary Education,...
Can an effective approach to art education be developed that will not only reach a majority of our students, but will also be practical in terms of existing human and material resources? A study was undertaken to develop and evaluate a series of self-instructional, programed art sequences for the upper elementary through high school levels. Six sequences averaging 30 minutes in length and covering topics on art history, artistic techniques, and picture subject matter were developed. The...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Art Education, Autoinstructional Aids, Branching, Course Evaluation, Curriculum...
In the second year of a study to compare and evaluate programed and conventional instruction in algebra for the ninth and tenth grades, comparisons of the control and experimental groups in each grade were again based on scores from the Lankton First-Year Algebra Test and the California Study Methods Survey (CSMS). Although there was a statistically significant gain in mean scores for all groups, experimental and control, from pre- to posttesting on the achievement instrument, the statistical...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Algebra, Autoinstructional Aids, Control Groups, Conventional Instruction, Course...
Ninth and tenth grade students from two schools were placed in experimental and conventional instruction classes to compare the two methods in teaching algebra by means of achievement test and time needed to complete the course. Pre- and posttests measured aptitude; teachers and students in the experimental groups recorded personal reactions to the use of autoinstructional devices. Teaching machines presented the algebra program to be used at the student's own rate. Teachers commented on...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Algebra, Autoinstructional Aids, Control Groups, Conventional Instruction, Course...
This report contains an extensive description of the efforts made by the South Miami Junior High School (Dade County, Fla.) to accommodate an influx of disadvantaged children. The school instituted an inservice teacher workshop on the problems of desegration and developed an experimental curriculum for a selected group of 50 Negro and white disadvantaged seventh-graders. Each student was given a series of diagnostic tests and then received instruction according to his ability. The students were...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Compensatory Education, Diagnostic Tests, Disadvantaged Youth, Experimental...
The experimental pilot project was conducted to determine whether students who take the laboratory phase of an engineering technology applied electricity course in a mobile laboratory at branch schools demonstrate proficiency comparable to students who take the applied electricity course in permanent facilities at the parent institution. The project design used the type of laboratory as the independent variable and an achievement test as the dependent variable. Analysis of co-variance was used...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Comparative Analysis, Control Groups, Course Content, Electricity, Engineering...
The purpose of this project was to develop computer assisted courses in arithmetic and reading for disadvantaged adults and youths to serve as prerequisites to entering vocational training. Because of budgetary cuts, the project was terminated before its completion. Lessons in counting, addition, and subtraction were written and tested; however, lessons in division and multiplication were initiated but not completed. A lesson includes a pre-test to determine if a student needs instruction, two...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Arithmetic, Computer Assisted Instruction, Curriculum Development, Disadvantaged,...
The major purposes of this study were to develop a process for the application of a "judgemental procedure" to program construction in vocational and practical arts education, and to apply the process in a selected local community. The "judgemental procedure" was that proposed by W.O. Stanley in 1953. After applying seven stated criteria, Bayonne, New Jersey, was selected as the local community. Phase I and II were designed to transmit information which was imperative to the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Change Agents, Educational Attitudes, Educational Change, Educational Innovation,...
An experiment was designed to compare two alternative procedures for revising a preliminary version of an instructional program, one based on a subjective analysis of the program's behavioral goals, the other on an objective analysis of test data obtained from a trial of the unrevised program. Conforming to an experimental model, 20 programer-instructors were randomly assigned to subjective and objective treatment groups to produce 20 videotaped supplements to the basic prerecorded lesson on...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Achievement Rating, Comparative Analysis, Data Analysis, Educational Experiments,...
In a 950-bed state psychiatric hospital, primarily an admission-and-treatment center, the case method was compared with the lecture-discussion method in teaching a unit on interpersonal relations with psychiatric patients to nurse aides. Two groups of 10 aides each were equated for age, sex, formal education, previous inservice training, and performance on a civil service test. The investigator used the case method with one group and lecture-discussion with the other in teaching interpersonal...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Achievement Tests, Allied Health Occupations Education, Case Method (Teaching...
