The sixty participants at the Institute, held at Sam Houston State College included school board members, principals, administrators and classroom teachers. The needs of the participants were considered, in relation to the dynamics of school integration in the program format. The improvement of attitudes and opinions necessary to reduce the educational disparities between Negro and white students was another central part of the content. The processes of: racial isolation; student desegregation...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Administrator Role, Attitude Change, Equal Education, Human Relations, Inservice...
Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Education (HMIE) is strongly committed to promoting race equality in the way that HMIE staff go about performing their role within Scottish education. Scottish society reflects cultural, ethnic, religious and linguistic diversity and Scottish education should be accessible to all. No-one should be disadvantaged or excluded because of their ethnic background or their cultural or religious identity. People in Scotland live with many cultures. This race equality...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Equal Education, Racial Relations, Race, Foreign Countries, Cultural Pluralism,...
This report details the technical aspects of an evaluation of Magnet School programs in the Los Angeles Unified School District in 1982-83. It focuses on implementation during that year and on progress made toward reducing harms of racial isolation. A prologue considers the social, economic, and governmental context affecting the analysis and interpretation of findings. Chapter I briefly describes the Magnet programs and focuses on their educational offerings as well as the students who choose...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Academic Achievement, Desegregation Effects, Elementary Secondary Education, Magnet...
This paper documents efforts made by some Virginians in the first half of the 20th century to promote and maintain racial separatism. In the early 1920s, the Anglo-Saxon Clubs of America were founded in Virginia, and the leaders of this group successfully persuaded the state legislature to pass, in 1924, the Race Integrity Act. This Act created two racial groups in Virginia: white and colored. Anyone who could not prove himself or herself white was classified as colored for the purposes of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, American Indians, Racial Attitudes, Racial Discrimination, Racial Relations,...
This report, the result of the reflection and study of a panel of 10 distinguished citizens in various fields, highlights key trends shaping the nation and its institutions into the next century. A summary letter to trustees and leaders outlines the panel's sense of urgency about changes that colleges and universities are not prepared to cope with. The first of the report's three articles, called "The Challenge of Change," argues that the world Americans thought they knew no longer...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Colleges, Culture Conflict, Demography, Economic Factors, Educational Change,...
A study was done of the civil rights status of Hispanics in Idaho with respect to issues raised at a series of community hearings sponsored by the Idaho Human Rights Commission. Testimony included concerns about state and local hiring practices; the perceived need for bilingual state social service providers and educators; the need for outreach toward Hispanics by the Human Rights Commission; perceived discrimination by local law enforcement officials; some type of workers' compensation...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Access to Education, Advisory Committees, Agricultural Laborers, Civil Rights,...
This study investigated ethnic differences and the effects of racism on the college adjustment of African-American, Asian, and Latino students who attended five undergraduate predominantly Anglo-American colleges. Results indicated that social adjustment was better for Anglos than it was for Asians and Latinos. African-Americans reported the most experiences of racism and Asians reported the least. Asians and Latinos who experienced racism adjusted less well academically and socially than Asian...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adjustment (to Environment), Anglo Americans, Asian Americans, Black Education, Black...
This study examined how diversity influenced law students' educational experiences. Predominantly White students at Harvard Law School and the University of Michigan Law School, as well as at five other law schools, completed surveys that examined such topics as: frequency of contact with diverse people growing up and in high school, college, and law school; close friends of other racial/ethnic backgrounds; studying with people of different races/ethnicities; the impact of diversity on ability...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Affirmative Action, College Admission, Diversity (Student), Educational Environment,...
This study examined the relationship between perceptions of diversity and overall satisfaction in students at the University of Maryland at College Park. An anonymous 100-item questionnaire on cultural attitudes and climate was mailed to first and third year students, with mail and phone call follow-ups resulting in an overall return rate of 60 percent (N=566). Results were factor analyzed using principal axis factor analysis and varimax rotation. Factor scores and Pearson correlations were...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Asian Americans, Black Students, College Freshmen, College Juniors, Correlation,...
Malaysia, a plural nation comprising of the indigenous Malays (Bumiputeras), and the immigrant Chinese and Indians has embarked on a unique program called the \"New Economic Policy\" (NEP) to ensure a fairer share of wealth, income, prosperity and opportunities between the ethnic groups. The NEP aimed to promote national unity by pursuing the twin objectives of the eradication of poverty and the restructuring of society to eliminate identification of race with economic functions. The...
Topics: Affirmative Actions, Income Disparity, Malaysia New Economic Policy, Racial Relations, Social...
A number of hypotheses derived from sociological theory and from previous research concerning the potential collaboration of citizens of the United States and Mexico were tested. Included in the samples were 1,528 interviews from the United States general public; 306 interviews from rural persons residing in places of 2,500 or less in Michigan; 105 interviews with Spanish-speaking informants in the states of Arizona, California, Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas; 1,126 interviews with informants...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Academic Achievement, Anglo Americans, Attitude Measures, Cross Cultural Studies,...
Citing the absence of research on race relations in rural America, this study reports on race relations in rural Missouri. Boonville and Cooper County are described and the problems faced by blacks in the schools and in obtaining housing and employment are explored. The accessibility of locally and Federally funded services is analyzed. Conclusions, findings, and recommendations are included. (Author/EB)
Topics: ERIC Archive, Blacks, Case Studies, Employment Opportunities, Federal Aid, Housing Opportunities,...
Ethnic/race relations among trustees, administrators, faculty, and professional nonfaculty who were affiliated with colleges and universities located in the Southeastern United States during the late 1970s were examined. The macroscopic theory of the split labor market (Bonacich, 1979) was modified and tested within an institutional framework. Basically, the theory suggests that race questions are really class questions in that one racial group may be identified as cheaper paid labor while the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Administrators, Affirmative Action, Black Colleges, Black Education, Black Teachers,...
Sedlacek and Brooks in measuring the attitudes of whites toward blacks with the Situational Attitude Scale (SAS) have used trained white administrators in all previous studies. The purpose of white administrators was to avoid calling attention to the racial variable being measured. However the instrument is not the entire simulus presented to subjects (Ss). A number of studies have shown that the characteristics, including race, of the researcher can affect results. The purpose of this study...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Attitude Measures, Behavioral Objectives, Blacks, Measurement Instruments,...
This publication presents the proceedings of a conference that brought together local leaders who are working for change in distressed communities in 16 cities. An overview discusses the background for the conference and describes common themes that emerged during its proceedings. The next section contains the keynote address, "Race, Class, and Poverty in Urban America: A Comparative Perspective" (William J. Wilson). Another section offers summaries of six conference sessions on the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Community Change, Community Development, Community Leaders, Community Problems,...
The purposes of this report are to present the narrations of the slide-tape presentation "Cultural Differences in Industry," and a readers theater script "Understanding Cultural Differences," and to document and describe their development and possible use. These materials were designed as training tools for teaching cultural differences between the black ghetto culture and white middle-class culture, primarily to white college students and white supervisors and foremen. By...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Black Culture, Cross Cultural Training, Culture Conflict, Employer Employee...
This brief digest reviews research findings on achieving racial integration in desegregated magnet schools. Studies show that resegregation tends to occur in most schools after desegregation as a result of tracking and ability grouping; furthermore, as the numbers of blacks rise in a school, the resegregation in classrooms tends to rise. A number of cooperative learning techniques have recently been developed which seem to work well in the integrated, heterogeneous classroom and are found to...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Ability Grouping, Blacks, Desegregation Methods, Magnet Schools, Racial Differences,...
This paper examines the concept of human completion, as applied to both the African and the Afro-American experience, and how the search for completion by the individual influences the collective society. The theoretical concepts of Paulo Freire and Albert Memmi are applied to both groups. Both groups have been denied equal opportunity for education and self-realization. Voting has been used as a means to achieve social and educational goals but has been ineffective when it was not combined...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Access to Education, African Culture, African History, Black Education, Black...
Abolitionists in the late 18th and early 19th centuries contended that even though blacks had been debased under American slavery, they could and must be prepared through education programs to function as Christians and American Citizens. As a result of this education, the new Afro-American would merit and gain white America's respect and acceptance by proving his moral worth. However, the abolitionists' notion of education for acculturation was restricted from the beginning of their crusade....
Topics: ERIC Archive, Acculturation, Black Achievement, Black Education, Black History, Educational...
These five issues of selected readings for 1991-92 present annotated bibliographies of resources available from CHIME (Clearinghouse for Immigrant Education). CHIME facilitates public access to literature, research, teaching materials, and human resources to promote the effective education of immigrant students. The title topics of the issues are: (1) immigrant parent participation in schools; (2) Haitian students in U.S. public schools; (3) multicultural education; (4) addressing racism and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Educational Change, Elementary Secondary Education, Family School Relationship,...
Student activism is the subject of the hour. Three out of five principals surveyed report some form of active protest in their schools. Questionnaires sent to a random sample of 1,982 junior and senior high school principals throughout the U.S. show that 67% of city and suburban schools and 53% of rural schools are experiencing protests. Protest is almost as likely to occur in junior high as in high schools. The greatest percentage of complaints are against various school regulations, with...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Activism, Behavior, High Schools, Hygiene, Instructional Programs, Junior High...
A cultural assimilator was developed to teach white junior officers about black culture in the army. Scenarios involving misunderstandings between blacks and whites in the army were presented, and respondents were asked to identify "correct" reasons for the misunderstandings. In the first of three field tests respondents showed evidence of learning from assimilator training, but cultural sensitivity to black culture on a related measure did not increase, and stereotyping was not...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Acculturation, Armed Forces, Attitude Change, Black Culture, Black Stereotypes,...
This packet contains three papers on gender identity; power and influence styles in program planning; and white male backlash from a symposium on human resource development (HRD). The first paper, "Identification of Power and Influence Styles in Program Planning Practice" (Baiyin Yang), explores the relationship between HRD practitioners using different styles of power and influence tactics in designing and planning programs and organizational political contexts. Power and influence...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adults, Business Administration, Employed Women, Human Resources, Labor Force...
This report, the first in a series of four 1996 releases of students' opinions, represents a continued effort by MetLife to provide insight and understanding to the issues of violence and social tension in American public schools. The survey focuses on the social climate of the nation's public schools from the perspective of public school students in middle and high school, including student accounts of how well they get along with one another; the level of social tension and violence that...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Public Schools, Violence, Academic Achievement, Risk, Young Adults, Racial Relations,...
This study is about systemic containment of Black youth by authority structures within schools and law enforcement agents in racialized communities. Through the retrospective narratives of incarcerated Black students in a secure custody institution, vivid insights are provided into the construction of fear of Black youth and of the ways that arbitrary power and authority operate within the contested terrain of schools. Safe-schools policies of "zero tolerance" and the ongoing practice...
Topics: ERIC Archive, African American Students, African American Children, Correctional Institutions, Law...
This study explored the extent to which student emotion management factors and normative orientation (belief that chat rooms have normative standards of conduct similar to face-to-face interaction) circumscribe the sending of hostile messages within electronic relay chat rooms on the Internet. A questionnaire survey collected data from 114 undergraduate and graduate students from a large university in southeastern Michigan. The results of the survey revealed statistically significant...
Topics: ERIC Archive, African American Students, Computer Mediated Communication, Ethnic Groups,...
This publication helps British public authorities understand the implications of the Race Relations (Amendment) Act 2000 and comply with their new general duty to promote racial equality, pending introduction by the Commission for Racial Equality (CRE) of statutory codes of practice in late 2001. Section 1, "Racial Discrimination," discusses what racial discrimination is, when it is unlawful, who is liable for racially discriminatory acts, and whether there is a right of redress...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Elementary Secondary Education, Equal Education, Equal Opportunities (Jobs), Federal...
This publication presents the substance of a conference on collaborative approaches to prevention and intervention for African American families exposed to community violence. Participants included child and maternal mental health professionals and others involved in public health, juvenile justice, child welfare, education, child advocacy, and other federal programs. This report summarizes the key workshop presentations on the impact of community violence on African American children and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Agency Cooperation, At Risk Persons, Black Community, Black Culture, Black Family,...
This article presents the findings of a literature review conducted in order to assess the degree to which the biracial/multiracial population has been addressed in the four major journals of counseling psychology: "Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development,""Journal of Counseling and Development,""The Counseling Psychologist," and the "Journal of Counseling Psychology." Findings reveal that three of the four journals each published one relevant...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Biculturalism, Counseling, Literature Reviews, Multiracial Persons, Racial...
Issues of racial harmony in higher education are the subject of this address to participants at a college workshop on cultural diversity. Recently campuses across the country have seen an unparalleled explosion of racially-charged or motivated incidents sparking dialogue among students, staff, faculty and administrators. In addition, accrediting agencies have taken steps to encourage institutions to encourage student diversity. A dramatic conservative swing beginning shortly before the Reagan...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Affirmative Action, Blacks, Campuses, College Students, Colleges, Cultural...
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether college athletes perceived that their exposure to racial diversity from within intercollegiate athletics was an important part of their education. Two NCAA Division I and one NCAA Division II institution in Michigan were surveyed, with 188 athletes participating. Athletes were asked to respond to 15 questions intended to measure perceptions of racial diversity within athletic teams and as athletes within the college environment. The results...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Team Sports, College Athletics, Athletes, Cultural Pluralism, Interaction, College...
While many school systems are desegregating by altering the racial composition of their schools, fear, mistrust, and a lack of understanding characterize interactions among many students of different racial backgrounds. Recent research suggests that multi-racial cooperative student teams represent one way of improving race relations. The results of four field experiments with one classroom team structure, Teams-Games-Tournament (TGT), in racially integrated classrooms are reviewed. A consistent...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Class Activities, Classroom Desegregation, Cross Cultural Training, Desegregation...
This is one part of an evaluation of the Los Angeles Unified School District's Predominantly Hispanic, Black, Asian, and Other Non-Anglo (PHBAO) student integration programs. The evaluation is based on data collected from staff, students, and parents during 1982-83 at schools that are at least 70% non-Anglo. This volume contains the last three of six sections in the report's technical portion. Each section focuses on a different program or set of related programs: Section D, Magnet Programs...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Academic Achievement, Access to Education, Busing, Desegregation Effects,...
This book presents an analysis of black leadership from three perspectives: theoretical, historical, and empirical. After deducing the situational-interactional approach as a useful framework, the authors analyze black leadership from 1841 to the present. This period is divided into six time periods, and black leadership and the strategies used by the leaders are analyzed within the context of different racial climates. Three empirical studies of black leadership using different situational...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Black History, Black Influences, Black Leadership, Blacks, Leadership Qualities,...
Race-relations training is primarily an interpersonal process based on developing understanding between two or more individuals from different cultural backgrounds. The use of a question and answer format in race-relations training can encourage better cross-race understanding and interaction. Race-relations trainers need to develop the capacity to ask provocative and functional questions in the process of training and to develop an ability to assist training participants in internalizing these...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Communication Strategies, Cross Cultural Training, Cultural Education, Cultural...
This is the report of a three-year demonstration program designed to explore the potentials and limitations in the use of volunteers in inner-city education. Four centers in Chicago supplied sites for training and research. Program emphasis was on one to one tutoring at least once a week for predominantly black and poor primary school children no more than one and one-half years below grade level academically; academic groups were combined with leisure, some auxiliary services, and cultural...
Topics: ERIC Archive, After School Education, Black Students, Case Studies, Demonstration Programs,...
This paper develops a model for the analysis of occupational history data as a contribution toward the development of a system of social accounts. The model is designed to examine the flow of men, throughout their lives, through the occupational structure. Using retrospective life history data collected from a sample of black and white men, the model treats men at age 13 as inputs into different statuses in education and the labor force, including the military, and examines changes through age...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Career Choice, Educational Experience, Measurement Techniques, Models, Occupational...
This paper examines the concept of institutional racism in Irish adult education. The study of institutional racism in education has been an area relatively untouched by Irish academics to date, and so represents a green field for interested academics and adult educators. For the purpose of providing some context for this concept, a brief outline of race and racism in Ireland is included. This paper will not seek to provide definitive answers to a multifaceted problem, instead, it is intended...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Education, Cultural Pluralism, Foreign Countries, Teaching Experience, Adult...
Eighteen black students were asked their perceptions of life on a predominantly white university campus, Syracuse University (New York). Data from interviews were analyzed as well as accounts in the campus newspaper during the 5-year period 1988-1993 and interviews with four administrators who worked with minority students in an academic support capacity. Nine of the students had participated in the 1989 pre-college summer program. Students were interviewed in their sophomore year and again in...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Black Students, Educational Discrimination, Higher Education, Racial Discrimination,...
When looking at social injustice and the oppression of "others" in the U.S., one can look no further than the political leadership of their government to take the moral and ethical responsibility to eradicate such injustices. Looking at the political leadership, the president is held accountable and sets the agenda which will promote, hinder, or ignore social justice issues. Each President has the power to decide what actions and policies will comprise his administration and impact...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Cultural Pluralism, Justice, Educational Policy, Leadership, Presidents, Beliefs,...
A Psychiatric Consultant's response to consultation in a school in racial transformation is described. Flexibility, awareness of the total field, and the need to have comprehensive sociocultural and political awareness are of key importance. After an assessment of the situation at this high school, the consultant began to ameliorate the processes of stereotyping and hostility by holding meetings with the administration, teachers, students, and parents, to assess their varying concerns,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Administrative Problems, Community Change, Consultants, Consultation Programs, High...
This study analyzes data collected in the summer of 1970. Fifty-seven groups, composed of two white and two black junior high school boys, were filmed as they participated in a cooperative task. Observers scored task-related interaction and socio-emotional behavior from video tapes of each group. Attitudes and perceptions of one another and of the task of the subjects (Ss) were obtained from interviews with Ss. The study focused on the assertive member of each group to investigate if the race...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Aggression, Black Students, Group Behavior, Group Dynamics, Junior High School...
Designed for instruction at the secondary level, this curriculum guide focuses on simulated classroom experiences in prejudice and minority race relations and content materials relative to Northeast Woodland American Indian history and culture. Knowledge of the following are cited as major unit objectives: (1) Indian cultural contributions; (2) major highlights of Maine history; (3) minority white relationships; (4) the social problems having racial implications faced by Maine Indians today;...
Topics: ERIC Archive, American Indians, Bibliographies, Cultural Background, Culture Conflict, Curriculum...
This report, addressed to graduate students who intend to enter into field research in inner-city settings, details some of the personnel and community relations problems and logistical and financial challenges encountered by a research team, which undertook an evaluation of early education programs, basic research on child development, and social action. Hiring community workers for local management and data collection was found to present problems. The evaluation staff underestimated demands...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Blacks, Child Development, Community Relations, Community Surveys, Early Childhood...
Beginning with the thesis that integrated education is indispensable to achieving an integrated society, the author examines first whether these assumptions behind school desegregation are valid or not, and why: that students will perform better academically, and that more democratic human relations will ensue. He presents evidence to show that racial mixes and interactions, without quality education, cannot and do not achieve these goals. The author then discusses four reasons for the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Academic Achievement, Black Education, Black Students, Classroom Desegregation,...
Faced with the task of reading literature on themes perhaps foreign to their own experience, students can explore their reactions to these issues by using a case study approach, bridging the gap between the novel and the student's own experience. In a case study, the issue of racial hatred can be objectively discussed as students gather evidence (either fictional or factual) and draw conclusions based upon it, leading to a cause and effect analysis of the event described. Literature which...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Case Studies, Controversial Issues (Course Content), Cultural Context, Ethics,...
This package of materials is designed to provide schools with information, suggestions, and activities that can increase awareness of the nature of conflicts, conflict-resolution strategies, and the management of conflict and crisis situations. It focuses on developing a positive school climate that enhances intergroup relationships, encourages proactive recognition of potential problems, and provides suggestions for management of racial crises. The guide is organized into the following seven...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Conflict Resolution, Educational Administration, Educational Environment, Educational...
THIS STUDY TESTS THE HYPOTHESIS THAT BIRACIAL GROUPS IN WHICH RACEMATES WERE PAIRED FOR DIRECT CONTACT WOULD PERFORM BETTER THAN THOSE IN WHICH RACEMATES WERE ISOLATED. IT ALSO ASSUMED THAT ETHNOCENTRIC SUBJECTS WOULD PERFORM BETTER WITH CONTACT WITH A RACEMATE, AND THAT AGGRESSIVE SUBJECTS WOULD GET ALONG WELL WITHOUT IT. THE SUBJECTS WERE BOYS FROM A MULTIRACIAL HIGH SCHOOL IN A LOW SOCIO-ECONOMIC AREA OF DETROIT. EACH BOY DECIDED WHICH THING, FROM A CHOICE OF FOUR, ALL THE OTHER PARTICIPANTS...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Group Behavior, Interaction Process Analysis, Productivity, Racial Composition,...
A 2-day institute examined the relationship between two central policy alternatives facing large city school districts: Decentralization and integration. Titles and authors of the 11 major addresses presented at the institute are as follows: (1) "Urban Schools: Issues in Responsiveness and Control," by John H. Fischer; (2) "Children Apart: Crisis and Conflict," by June Shagaloff; (3) "The Law, Race, and School Districting," by E. Edmund Reutter, Jr.; (4) "The...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Black Power, Civil Rights, Community Control, Compensatory Education, De Facto...
This document contains transcribed interviews with seven black high school students made in spring and summer 1969 as part of a larger study of an educational community organization program. They are presented here because it is felt the feelings and attitudes expressed are often overlooked as various groups of adults attempt to resolve issues of educational policy. The students are encouraged to discuss their feelings about the school they attend including such things as its problems and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Black Attitudes, Black Students, Desegregation Effects, High School Students, Racial...
