314
314
May 30, 2011
05/11
by
Axelbaum, R. L.; Lottes, C. R.; Huertas, J. I.; Rosen, L. J
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Due to its combined properties of high electrical resistivity and high thermal conductivity aluminum nitride (AlN) is a highly desirable material for electronics applications. Methods are being sought for synthesis of unagglomerated, nanometer-sized powders of this material, prepared in such a way that they can be consolidated into solid compacts having minimal oxygen content. A procedure for synthesizing these powders through gas-phase combustion is described. This novel approach involves...
Topics: DEMOGRAPHY, ESTIMATES, SPACE PROGRAMS, RETIREMENT, POPULATIONS, MANPOWER, LOSSES, ENGINEERS, SPACE...
210
210
Jul 23, 2010
07/10
by
Mcfarland, Richard H.; Nickum, James D
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The purpose is to provide a research tool, a receiver, such that engineers interested in examining Loran-C performance, usefulness, and other properties will have a flexible, modifiable, and well-known piece of receiving hardware. The significant improvements to the Loran-C receiver are summarized.
Topics: INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION, MANAGEMENT, MARS (PLANET), SPACE BASES, MANNED SPACE FLIGHT, MARS...
Syntonics LLC developed a prototype micro-Ultra Stable Oscillator (micro-USO) under a Space Base Technology Grant (NAGS-10395). Syntonics conducted the micro-USO Program in two phases. In Phase I, we developed a set of verified analytical models (including thermal, electrical, and control models) for a baseline USO, conducted a series of six technology studies, and built three approx.9OOg prototype units. These prototypes provided a tool for evaluating competing design topologies. In Phase II...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), OSCILLATORS, TEMPERATURE CONTROL, SPACE BASES, MATHEMATICAL...
Aspects of an attitude control system were studied and developed for a large space base that is structurally flexible and whose mass properties change rather dramatically during its orbital lifetime. Topics of discussion include the following: (1) space base orbital pointing and maneuvering; (2) angular momentum sizing of actuators; (3) momentum desaturation selection and sizing; (4) multilevel control technique applied to configuration one; (5) one-dimensional model simulation; (6) N-body...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ATTITUDE CONTROL, SPACE BASES, SPACE STATIONS, ANGULAR...
663
663
Jul 12, 2010
07/10
by
Abbate, M
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The analyses and studies conducted to develop a recommended design concept for a new fecal collection system that can be retrofited into the space shuttle vehicle to replace the existing troublesome system which has had limited success in use are summarized. The concept selected is a cartridge compactor fecal collection subsystem which utilizes an airflow collection mode combined with a mechanical compaction and vacuum drying mode that satisfies the shuttle requirements with respect to size,...
Topics: CRYOGENICS, ORBIT TRANSFER VEHICLES, PROPULSION SYSTEM PERFORMANCE, ROCKET ENGINES, ROCKET THRUST,...
A conceptual design study was conducted to identify some of the mechanical/structural differences which result from the use of a tug/payload combination in a space-basing mode as contrasted with a ground-based mode of operation. The basic mechanical/structural differences associated with space-basing were identified by analyzing a space-basing strategy in which the tug and payload are launched separately by the EOS and comparing it with the ground-based mode in which the tug/payload is launched...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), PAYLOADS, SPACE BASES, SPACE TUGS, MECHANICAL ENGINEERING,...
224
224
Jul 5, 2010
07/10
by
Smithrick, J. J.; Thomas, R. D
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Thin-film Cu2S-CdS solar cells, loaded at various fixed values of load resistance, were thermally cycled for 1429 cycles in a simulated space environment. Cell performance was measured under controlled conditions in air before and after thermal cycling. These data were used to determine the effect of load voltage on cell performance. The performance of the cells was relatively independent of load voltage up to about 0.39 volt. This appears to be a threshold voltage, beyond which there was a...
Topics: SPACE FLIGHT FEEDING, SPACE STATIONS, SYSTEMS ENGINEERING, HUMAN FACTORS ENGINEERING, LIFE SUPPORT...
Artificially constructed closed ecological systems (CES) have been researched both experimentally and theoretically for over 25 years. The size of these systems have varied from less than one liter to many thousands of cubic meters in volume. The diversity of the included components has a similarly wide range from purely aquatic systems to soil based systems that incorporate many aspects of Earth's biosphere. While much has been learned about the functioning of these closed systems, much...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), BIOSPHERE, CLOSED ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS, SPACE BASES, SPACE...
University of Texas Mission Design (UTMD) has outlined the components that a space based transportation facility must include in order to support the first decade of Lunar base buildup. After studying anticipated traffic flow to and from the hub, and taking into account crew manhour considerations, propellant storage, orbital transfer vehicle maintenance requirements, and orbital mechanics, UTMD arrived at a design for the facility. The amount of activity directly related to supporting Lunar...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ORBITING LUNAR STATIONS, SPACE BASES, SPACE TRANSPORTATION,...
The use of lunar resources to construct solar power satellites wherein the resources are transported by a lunar mass driver is discussed. The minimization of cross track errors in the launch of payloads by mass driver is emphasized. The design and construction of the mass driver is outlined. Features of the proposed system addressed include passive magnetic damping, separation and snapout, and downrange correction.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), MOON, SOLAR POWER SATELLITES, SPACE BASES, CONSTRUCTION,...
Existing international space law as well as the best interest of all nations are consistent with the establishment of a user-based international organization, herein called INTERMARS. INTERMARS would provide access to facilities and services at a Martian base which would be of high functional potential, quality, safety, and reliability. These opportunities would be available on an open and nondiscriminatory basis to all peaceful users and investors. INTERMARS is a model organization concept...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION, MANAGEMENT, MARS (PLANET), SPACE...
The techniques, processes, and equipment required for automatic fabrication and assembly of structural elements in using Shuttle as a launch vehicle, and construction were defined. Additional construction systems operational techniques, processes, and equipment which can be developed and demonstrated in the same program to provide further risk reduction benefits to future large space systems were identified and examined.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), LAUNCH VEHICLES, SPACE BASES, SPACE SHUTTLE ORBITERS, SYSTEMS...
364
364
Jul 12, 2010
07/10
by
NON
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Practical ways were explored of improving waste compaction and of providing rapid turnaround between flights at essentially no cost for the space shuttle waste collection subsystem commode. Because of the possible application of a fully developed shuttle commode to the space station, means of providing waste treatment without overboard venting were also considered. Three basic schemes for compaction and rapid turnaround, each fully capable of meeting the objectives, were explored in sufficient...
Topics: ORBIT TRANSFER VEHICLES, SYSTEMS HEALTH MONITORING, PROPULSION SYSTEM PERFORMANCE, REUSABLE ROCKET...
This study was performed in support of the NASA Task B-2 Study Plan for Space Basing. The nature of space-based operations implies that orbital transfer of propellant is a prime consideration. The intent of this report is (1) to report on the findings and recommendations of existing literature on space-based propellant transfer techniques, and (2) to determine possible alternatives to the recommended methods. The reviewed literature recommends, in general, the use of conventional liquid...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), PROPELLANT STORAGE, PROPELLANT TRANSFER, SPACE BASES,...
The preliminary data of the environmental control and life support subsystem for a space construction base manufacturing module was reported. A space processing module, which is capable of performing production biological experiments, was chosen as a baseline configuration. The primary assemblies and components considered for use were humidity and temperature control, ventilation fan, cabin fan, water separator, condensate storage, overboard dumping, distribution system, contaminant monitoring,...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL, LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS, SPACE BASES,...
Planning and development for a permanently manned scientific outpost on Mars requires an in-depth understanding and analysis of the functions the outpost is expected to perform. The optimum configuration that accomplishes these functions then arises during the trade studies process. In a project this complex, it becomes necessary to use a formal methodology to document the design and planning process. The method chosen for this study is called top-down functional decomposition. This method is...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN, DESIGN ANALYSIS, MANNED MARS MISSIONS,...
The feasibility of mounting a small operation on the Moon to productively use lunar materials in support of programs such as the solar power satellite is addressed. A cost effective scenario of a small chemical process plant on the surface of the Moon and a small machine shop located in orbit is presented. The mass of the space installation is compared to the projected outputs in 90 days. It is indicated that the system would have the capability of replicating about 90% of its own components...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), COST EFFECTIVENESS, MOON, SOLAR POWER SATELLITES, SPACE...
This bibliography lists 173 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database on the exploration of Mars. Historical references are cited for background. The bibliography was created for the 1991 session of the International Space University.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), DATA BASES, DOCUMENTS, MANNED MARS MISSIONS, MARS ATMOSPHERE,...
Work accomplished in the analysis of systems, space basing concepts, and space shuttle studies and alternative concepts is reported with emphasis on the preparation of cost estimates. It is concluded that space basing, as an operational mode, permits the assembly and maintenance of large space vehicles and payloads in low earth orbit, and may become the basing mode for space exploration.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), COST ESTIMATES, SPACE BASES, SPACE SHUTTLES, SYSTEMS...
A preliminary feasibility study of the potential application of small nuclear reactor space power systems to manned planetary surface base missions was conducted. The purpose of the study was to identify and assess the technology, performance, and safety issues associated with integration of reactor power systems with an evolutionary manned planetary surface exploration scenario. The requirements and characteristics of a variety of human-rated modular reactor power system configurations...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), NUCLEAR POWER REACTORS, PLANETARY SURFACES, SPACE BASES,...
This bibliography lists 460 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system between January 1, 1968 and December 31, 1978. Its purpose is to provide helpful information to the researcher, manager, and designer in technology development and mission design in the area of the Large Space Systems Technology (LSST) Program. Subject matter is grouped according to systems, interactive analysis and design, structural concepts, control systems,...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), FOLDING STRUCTURES, LARGE SPACE STRUCTURES, SPACE ERECTABLE...
The concept of the Mars airplane was developed as a potential vehicle for unmanned Mars exploration. It is suggested that its most appropriate use would be as an unmanned adjunct to a manned mission. Functions such as reconnaissance, exploration, remote delivery of instruments, etc., are possible. Several operational aspects of such a vehicle are unique compared to Earth operating aircraft.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), MARS LANDING, OBSERVATION AIRCRAFT, SPACECRAFT...
The propulsion system requirements of orbit transfer vehicles (OTV). A baseline expander cycle engine which will meet those requirements was defined. The principal characteristics of a baseline engine and some options which are available to accommodate OTV system optimization studies was discussed. Engine program issues which are dependent on the mission scenario and the vehicle system configuration are shown. The rationale for a new cryogenic OTV engine is summarized.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CRYOGENICS, ORBIT TRANSFER VEHICLES, PROPULSION SYSTEM...
Information on physical/chemical closed-loop life support systems are given in viewgraph form. Information is given on program objectives, the elements of a life support system, and Pathfinder program elements.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CLOSED ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS, FEEDBACK CONTROL, SPACE BASES,...
The birth of the U.S. civil space program and the subsequent, dramatic growth in the ranks of the space science research population occurred in the 1950s and 1960s'. The large, post- Sputnik/ Apollo buildup in space program manpower is now approximately one career-lifetime in the past. It is therefore natural to anticipate that a large fraction of the space program engineers, scientists, and managers who pioneered the early exploration of space are approaching retirement. Such a...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), DEMOGRAPHY, SPACE PROGRAMS, RETIREMENT, POPULATIONS,...
The computer executive functional system design concepts derived from study of the Space Station/Base are presented. Information Management System hardware configuration as directly influencing the executive design is reviewed. The hardware configuration and generic executive design requirements are considered in detail in a previous report (System Configuration and Executive Requirements Specifications for Reusable Shuttle and Space Station/Base, 9/25/70). This report defines basic system...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), COMPUTER DESIGN, COMPUTER PROGRAMMING, ROUTINES, SPACE BASES,...
The successful landing of human beings on Mars and the establishment of a permanent outpost there will require an understanding of the Martian environment by the engineers. A key feature of the Martian environment is the nearly ubiquitous presence of sand and dust. The process which the engineering community will undertake to determine the sensitivities of their designs to the current level of knowledge about Mars sand and dust is emphasized. The interaction of the engineering community with...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), DUST, MARS ENVIRONMENT, MARS SURFACE, SANDS, SPACE BASES,...
Two Mars surface based build-up scenarios are presented in order to help visualize the mission and to serve as a basis for trade studies. In the first scenario, direct manned landings on the Martian surface occur early in the missions and scientific investigation is the main driver and rationale. In the second senario, Earth development of an infrastructure to exploit the volatile resources of the Martian moons for economic purposes is emphasized. Scientific exploration of the surface is...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), MANNED SPACE FLIGHT, MARS BASES, MARS LANDING, MARS SURFACE,...
Users of the Orbiter/Spacelab combination will require both higher electrical power and longer duration than is available with the current baseline system. Present Orbiter/Spacelab mission capability is primarily constrained by the hydrogen and oxygen available to generate power in the Orbiter fuel cells. It is also necessary to assure that considerable attitude or point flexibility is retained to assure efficient operation of the Orbiter radiator cooling system. Beyond these early limitations,...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), SERVICE MODULES, SPACE SHUTTLES, SPACE STATIONS, SPACECRAFT...
A concept for building the 5000 MW reference solar power satellite in Earth orbit is discussed. The system uses silicon solar cells. The GEO base has contiguous facilities for concurrent assembly and subsequent mating of the satellite energy conversion system and its power transmission antenna. The end builder construction system uses 10 synchronized beam machines to automatically fabricate continuous longitudinal beams for the energy conversion system.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ORBITAL ASSEMBLY, SATELLITE SOLAR ENERGY CONVERSION, SOLAR...
The topics covered include the following: (1) space basing agenda; (2) mission scenario 4E-5B, crew and Lunar Excursion Vehicle (LEV) delivery; (3) final concept candidate, crew concept 4E-2B; (4) space transfer vehicle (STV) concept 4E-5B; (5) configuration summary for crew concept 4E-5B; (6) configuration definition for crew concept 4E-5B; (7) low earth orbit node assembly and checkout operations; (8) criteria for operation objectives; (9) LTV and STV main engines; (10) Space Station Freedom...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), INTERPLANETARY SPACECRAFT, LUNAR SPACECRAFT, MANNED...
The topics covered include the following: (1) engine design criteria and issues; (2) design requirements for man rating; (3) test requirements for man rating; (4) design requirements for space basing; (5) engine operation requirements; (6) health monitoring; (7) lunar transfer vehicle (LTV) feed system; (8) lunar excursion vehicle (LEV) propellant system; (9) area ratio gimbal angle limits; (10) reaction control system; and (11) engine configuration and characteristics. This document is...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ENGINE DESIGN, HYDROGEN OXYGEN ENGINES, INTERPLANETARY...
Potential space-located systems for the generation of electrical power for use on earth were investigated. These systems were of three basic types: (1) systems producing electrical power from solar energy; (2) systems producing electrical power from nuclear reactors; (3) systems for augmenting ground-based solar power plants by orbital sunlight reflectors. Configurations implementing these concepts were developed through an optimization process intended to yield the lowest cost for each. A...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ELECTRIC POWER PLANTS, ELECTRIC POWER TRANSMISSION, SOLAR...
422
422
Jul 26, 2010
07/10
by
Speas, K. J
texts
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No Abstract Available
Topics: ORBIT TRANSFER VEHICLES, PROPULSION SYSTEM CONFIGURATIONS, SPACE BASES, SPACE STATION STRUCTURES,...
A lunar base or a network of lunar bases may have highly desirable support functions in a national or international program to explore and settle Mars. In addition, He-3 exported from the Moon could be the basis for providing much of the energy needs of humankind in the twenty-first century. Both technical and managerial issues must be addressed when considering the establishment of a lunar base that can serve the needs of human civilization in space. Many of the technical issues become evident...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), LUNAR BASES, MANAGEMENT PLANNING, MARS (PLANET), MISSION...
The Case for Mars workshops conducted in 1984 dealt with a program to establish a permanent scientific research base at Mars. The participants, viewed a Mars base as the much needed long-term focus for the space program. A permanent base was chosen rather than the more conventional concept of a series of individual missions to different sites became the permanent base offers much greater scientific return plus greater crew safety and the potential for growth into a true colony. The results of...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), MARS ATMOSPHERE, MARS LANDING, SPACE BASES, LIFE SUPPORT...
459
459
Sep 20, 2010
09/10
by
Carroll, Mark; Johnson, Jess; Yong, Jimm
texts
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The Jet Propulsion Laboratory has identified the need for a compliant wheel for a miniature martian rover vehicle. This wheel must meet requirements of minimum mass, linear radial deflection, and reliability in cryogenic conditions over a five year lifespan. Additionally, axial and tangential deflections must be no more than 10 percent of the radial value. The team designed a wheel by use of finite element and dimensionless parameter analysis. Due to the complex geometry of the wheel, a finite...
Topics: ASTEROIDS, SPACE EXPLORATION, AGRICULTURE, FOOD PRODUCTION (IN SPACE), MINING, TECHNOLOGY...
The goals of Project Artemis are designed to meet the challege of President Bush to return to the Moon, this time to stay. The first goal of the project is to establish a permanent manned base on the Moon for the purposes of scientific research and technological development. The knowledge gained from the establishment and operations of the lunar base will then be used to achieve the second goal of Project Artemis, the establishment of a manned base on the Martian surface. Throughout both phases...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), LAUNCH VEHICLES, LOGISTICS, MARS SURFACE, SAFETY FACTORS,...
In spite of the apparent great differences between deep ocean and space environment, significant similarities can be recognized when considering the possible solutions and technologies enabling the development of remote automatic stations supporting the execution of scientific activities. In this sense it is believed that mutual benefits shall be derived from the exchange of experiences and results between people and organizations involved in research and engineering activities for hostile...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ROBOTICS, SPACE BASES, TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER, UNDERWATER...
Potential goals for space industrialization were identified, and evolutionary program options for the realization of those goals were developed and assessed. Program support demands were defined, and recommendations were made in relation to program implementation.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), LARGE SPACE STRUCTURES, SPACE INDUSTRIALIZATION, SPACE...
This paper describes the details of an effort to produce conceptual designs for an orbiting platform, called a transportation depot, to handle assembly and processing of lunar, Martian, and related vehicles. High-level requirements for such a facility were established, and several concepts were developed to meet those requirements. By showing that the critical rigid-body momentum characteristics of each concept are similar to those of the dual-keel space station, some insight was gained about...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), SPACE BASES, SPACE PLATFORMS, SPACE STATIONS, SPACE...
Robotic systems provide a means of performing many of the operations required to establish and maintain a lunar base. They form a synergistic system when properly used in concert with human activities. This paper discusses the various areas where robotics and automation may be used to enhance lunar base operations. Robots are particularly well suited for surface operations (exterior to the base habitat modules) because they can be designed to operate in the extreme temperatures and vacuum...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AUTOMATIC CONTROL, LUNAR BASES, LUNAR CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT,...
The future orbit transfer vehicle (OTV) requirements which dictate the need for a highly versatile, highly reliable, reusable propulsion module are discussed. To attain maximum operational economy, space-basing is essential. This requires a reusable, maintenance free engine. The design features of this space based engine are defined. A new engine cycle and its advantages allow all the maintenance goals to be attained. Rubbing contact and interpropellant seals and purges are eliminated when GO2...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ORBIT TRANSFER VEHICLES, PROPULSION SYSTEM PERFORMANCE,...
The topics presented are covered in viewgraph form. The programmatic objective is to provide a technology base and maintain an institutional capability for continued advances in the development of advanced space propulsion systems to support launch, upper stage, orbit transfer and ascent/descent engines. The technical objectives are to study: (1) validated design and analytical codes for cryogenic turbopump bearings and seals; (2) design methodologies and diagnostic capabilities for combustion...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), HIGH THRUST, PROPULSION SYSTEM CONFIGURATIONS, PROPULSION...
353
353
Sep 20, 2010
09/10
by
Cane, H. V.; Richardson, I. G.; Vonrosenvinge, T. T
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The time histories of particles in the energy range 1 MeV to 1 GeV at times of all greater than 3 percent cosmic ray decreases in the years 1978 to 1982 are studied. Essentially all 59 of the decreases commenced at or before the passages of interplanetary shocks, the majority of which accelerated energetic particles. We use the intensity-time profiles of the energetic particles to separate the cosmic ray decreases into four classes which we subsequently associate with four types of solar wind...
Topics: EXTRATERRESTRIAL RESOURCES, GENERAL OVERVIEWS, HIGH VACUUM, LUNAR SOIL, MICROGRAVITY, MINING,...
Methods for selecting the most viable program options were examined along with techniques for hardware development. Several separate program options were defined, and future plans for space exploitation were reviewed. Hardware elements in various sectors of space are discussed in detail to provide a definition for the major functional elements and operations.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), SOLAR ENERGY, SPACE BASES, SPACE INDUSTRIALIZATION, SPACE...
For abstract, see N78-25107.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION, SPACE COLONIES, SPACE...
The field of view required of the space base antenna is defined for both the tracking and data relay satellite link and detached module links. The gain requirements are established and the feasibility of alternative antenna configurations using phased arrays and reflectors are considered. One recommended and one alternative configuration are presented for each of the required links.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), SATELLITE ANTENNAS, SATELLITE NETWORKS, SPACE BASES, SPACE...
As the number of scientific experiments for the surface of Mars grows, the need for effective surface transportation becomes critical. Because of the diversity of the experiments proposed, as well as the desire to explore Mars from the equator to the poles, the optimum surface vehicle configuration is not obvious. Five candidate vehicles are described, with an estimate of their size and performance. In order to maximize the success of a manned Mars mission, it appears that two vehicles should...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), MARS SURFACE, REMOTELY PILOTED VEHICLES, ROVING VEHICLES,...
The research facilities of the Mississippi State University devoted to microelectronics are described. The fabrication and processing capabilities, computer aided design, and experimental evaluation capabilities are discussed.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), LABORATORIES, MICROELECTRONICS, RESEARCH FACILITIES, SPACE...
