Since 1984 the Navajo Nation has mandated instruction in Navajo language and culture in K-12 schools within its boundaries. In 1998-99, a survey and follow-up interviews with 48 individuals in 20 Navajo communities examined community attitudes and beliefs about the value of Navajo language and culture studies and the extent to which the schools should be involved in such instruction. Across the reservation, attitudes varied greatly with regard to which aspects of Navajo culture should be taught...
Topics: ERIC Archive, American Indian Culture, American Indian Education, Community Attitudes, Cultural...
This collection of seven essays covers the subject of relevance in vocational education from several perspectives. Topics of the essays are the following: (1) vocational education and the curriculum; (2) the counselor and vocational education; (3) vocational education and employability skills; (4) student reentry into the curriculum; (5) remedying ills in society; (6) general education, career education, and the classics; and (7) step-by-step teaching versus an open-ended approach. All essays...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Academic Education, Adult Education, Career Education, Counselor Role, Education Work...
Children from four elementary schools in Illinois were participants in the implementation of a project intended to improve their self-esteem through adult role-model intervention. The objectives of the project were to demonstrate that: (1) the adults in children's lives play a significant role; (2) an individual's sense of belonging and acceptance can be affected by the labels placed upon them; (3) all teachers with whom children come into contact can affect an individual's self-esteem; and (4)...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Childhood Attitudes, Cognitive Processes, Educational Environment, Elementary...
The aim of this study was to examine English secondary education and its emergence in modern form in the 18th century. Three hundred thirty-four grammar schools (more than 50% of those in the 18th century) in 15 counties comprised the sample. County records, educational essays, and other sources were consulted for a general survey of, among other things, changes in curriculum and charity provisions. The study concludes with a new perspective on 18th century grammar schools: 1) they frequently...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Classical Languages, Curriculum Development, Educational Change, Educational...
This guide lists information and resources concerning school interventions to prevent youth suicide. Part 1 includes articles related to youth suicide, depression, and violence, along with a listing of basic facts, statistics, and myths about suicide. A general model of youth suicide is included followed by information on prevention. Part 2 contains information on identifying and addressing risk, risk and protective factors, a suicide assessment checklist, and criteria for diagnosis. Part 3...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adolescents, Counseling Techniques, Crisis Intervention, Elementary Secondary...
Papers of the 32nd Educational Testing Service Invitational Conference on Testing Problems are presented. The conference was divided into three sessions. Session one examines the current educational context and includes the following papers: "Educational Opportunity: The Context and the Reality,""The System-Maintenance Function of Social Development in the Schools," and "Economics and the Values of Society." The second session deals with the measurement context....
Topics: ERIC Archive, Conferences, Early Childhood Education, Economic Factors, Educational Change,...
Drawn from the reports of separate research efforts conducted at the National Center for Research in Vocational Education, the four chapters in this volume examine from a variety of perspectives what vocational education should accomplish and is accomplishing. An executive summary begins the volume. In the first chapter, Rupert Evans examines the discrepancy between the public and legislative support for vocational education and benefits demonstrated by evaluation studies. Chapter 2, by Frank...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Community Attitudes, Educational Benefits, Educational Research, Job Training,...
The purpose of the study was to make a qualitative assessment of the impact of school consolidation on several rural Nebraska communities that have recently lost their schools. This research uses a multiple-case study design with interviews conducted in three Nebraska communities. The data from this research fell into four broad themes: social capital changes resulting from consolidation, the effect of the consolidation on the children of the community, the future of the community, and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Consolidated Schools, Qualitative Research, Rural Schools, School Closing, Context...
Higher education's relationship with and contribution to the public good emerged as a trend in the higher education literature in 1996. Three major themes are represented: the role of higher education, public relations, and collaboration. The literature and research continue to illustrate the valuable role of higher education in the important processes that underlie our culture and society. Most often discussed in the literature is economic development; political and social development have a...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Citizenship, Community Development, Cooperation, Cooperative Programs, Economic...
These guidelines offer suggestions for strengthening Alaska's indigenous languages. The guidelines aim to provide assistance to the local language advisory committees created under Senate Bill 103, that are responsible for making recommendations about the future of the heritage language in their community. The underlying theme is that heritage languages must be used in daily activities in the home and community so that they are transmitted and acquired naturally. Schools serve a supportive role...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Alaska Natives, American Indian Languages, Community Role, Cultural Maintenance,...
Current research on the relationship between home, school, and community is reviewed and juxtaposed to perspectives on communities developed by scholars of families and child development, community developers, and urban sociologists. Research findings suggest the importance of learning more about the communities in which family involvement projects are located. Researchers and school staff should become part of community mapping efforts, which would not only strengthen the links between...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Ancillary School Services, Community Cooperation, Community Development, Community...
This article identifies some critical areas regarding teacher education that need to be addressed by any institution responsible for educating teachers. The authors outline some of the paradoxical pressures that constitute the context for this crisis in teacher education and specify the kinds of basic questions that need systematic answers in terms of what teachers might be expected to know. These questions serve as a worldwide call for teacher educators to provide evidence-based programs that...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Teacher Education Programs, Teacher Educators, Schools of Education, Teacher Role,...
Children who have been excluded from school for physical, mental, or emotional handicaps or who have simply never been enrolled as a result of parental neglect or school discouragement are the focus of the discussion. Schools are charged with getting rid of undesirable pupils (truant, long-haired, or other non-conforming students) through legal and illegal exclusions or lack of followup and concern. The lack of special services is mentioned as contributing to the dropout rate and to failure....
Topics: ERIC Archive, Attendance, Disqualification, Dropouts, Economically Disadvantaged, Exceptional Child...
This paper reports on a longitudinal study with results drawn from 7 years of data on a group of young women (N=42), following them from the ninth grade through the third year of college. The purpose of the study was to trace development of the participants' thinking about school, career, and women's roles while also tracking their grades, standardized test scores, and college admission data. This study was intended to help answer questions about the relationship between aspirations and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Academic Achievement, Aspiration, Career Development, Careers, Coeducation, College...
This report describes research undertaken to understand the operation of Green Hills Farm Project (GHFP), an example of a new model of locally organized, place-based farmer network organizations. The report, based primarily on open-ended interviews conducted with the group's 11 core members, documents the role of the University of Missouri in the group's activities and explores how the university can support the growth of similar networks. The first section provides a general overview of the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Agricultural Colleges, Area Studies, Community Development, Community Involvement,...
With the failure of the Pennsylvania General Assembly to adopt the governor's education reform package, the time is opportune to review the major problems with education in Pennsylvania and some actions that would relieve these problems. The main symptom of education problems, in Pennsylvania as in the nation as a whole, is weak academic performance. Contributing factors include: (1) the equity issue in educational finance; (2) the limited leverage schools possess in children's lives; (3) the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Academic Achievement, Accountability, Educational Assessment, Educational Change,...
One of six introductory modules in a 22-module series designed to train vocational education curriculum specialists (VECS), this guide is intended for use by both instructor and student in a variety of education environments, including independent study, team teaching, seminars, and workshops, as well as in more conventional classroom settings. The guide has five major sections. Part I, Organization and Administration, contains an overview and rationale, educational goals and performance...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Administrative Organization, Colleges, Curriculum Development, Delivery Systems,...
A study examined the views of principals, teachers, parents, and students pertaining to the role of vocational agriculture in developing and enhancing certain mathematical skills. During the study, researchers interviewed 36 secondary vocational agricultural teachers, 35 math teachers, 35 principals, 137 students, and 260 parents of students enrolled in 36 high school vocational agricultural programs throughout Iowa. All thirteen of the math concepts examined in the study were consistently...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Administrator Attitudes, Agricultural Education, Educational Needs, Fused Curriculum,...
This paper is one component of the National Commission for Employment Policy's current project on at-risk youth aged 9-15 years old. It examines and discusses current issues, legislation, and action being taken regarding educational programs that assist this at-risk population about to enter the school-to-work transition. The paper also analyzes the school's role in this process. The unique educational needs of these youth and the educational problems they encounter are also studied. Current...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adolescents, Dropout Prevention, Education Work Relationship, Educational Needs,...
This document contains six papers about and from a roundtable discussion of poverty alleviation, work, and adult learning. The "Introduction" (Madhu Singh) presents an overview of the roundtable. "Work-Related Adult Education: Challenges and Possibilities in Poverty Areas" (Enrique Pieck) describes work-related adult education strategies and argues that training alone is insufficient for poverty areas. Competence reform in Norway is examined in "The Future of Work and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Education, Adult Learning, Building Trades, Case Studies, Competence,...
This bulletin highlights topics addressed at a National Association of State Directors of Special Education (NASDSE) Action Seminar on Infants Exposed to Illicit Drugs and Alcohol in Utero. The incidence of babies being born exposed to cocaine and other illicit drugs is outlined, and it is concluded that numbers appear to be on the rise. The effects of illegal drugs on newborns are spelled out, and physiological causes of these effects are noted. Myths and realities in the effects of illicit...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Alcohol Abuse, Cocaine, Congenital Impairments, Drug Abuse, Educational Policy,...
A rationale is developed for a training program in social action. The educational objective, to increase students' ability to exert influence in public affairs, is defined and justified. Justification is based on theories of the nature of democracy, the nature of morality, and the nature of psychological growth. The proposed social action curriculum is discussed and the author projects both possible negative and positive consequences of such a program. (SHM)
Topics: ERIC Archive, Public Affairs Education, Newmann, Fred M., School Role, Secondary Education, Social...
Despite the recent emphasis on teaching the basic skills at the high school level, educators must not forget that vocational education, and apprenticeship training in particular, remains as important as ever to the economic development of the Nation. To meet the mandate for linkages and collaboration that appears in the Carl D. Perkins Vocational Education Act of 1984, the Department of Education (DOE) has taken the following steps: (1) formulation of an interagency agreement with the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Agency Cooperation, Apprenticeships, Cooperative Planning, Coordination, Educational...
This paper explores the issue of how quality in early childhood services is defined and evaluated and examines some of the implications of working within a particular paradigm at a European level. The discussion begins with the concept of early childhood services, and how the approach to defining quality relates closely to the concept of service. Defining quality is the product of how researchers and caregivers conceive of early childhood services. Some issues are presented in the process of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Child Development, Child Development Centers, Day Care, Definitions, Early Childhood...
The relationship between the university and the city is explored and implications are drawn for the university's role in improving inner-city education. The article assumes that there is such an institution as the "urban university" within a major city and having a significant level of interchange with it. There are tension points between cities and urban universities that constitute barriers to productive joint efforts to improve urban education; some of the most intractable disputes...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Access to Education, Agenda Setting, College Role, College School Cooperation,...
This report addresses issues related to the responsibility of public schools to prepare rural youth for life choices about careers, postsecondary education, and place of residence. A synthesis of current research literature, as well as the perceptions of rural educators and policymakers in the Northwest, explore some potential resolutions to the dilemmas. Background information is provided on the advantages and disadvantages of living in rural areas; the rural migration dilemma; rural student,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Aspiration, Education Work Relationship, Educational Attainment, High School...
The headlines were shocking: "Nine Teens Charged With Bullying in Girl's Suicide." The details were difficult to read and even more troubling to think about. Unfortunately, bullying behavior is not just an adolescent phenomenon. Patricia Shuler remembered being in a second-grade classroom when a normally quiet boy screamed out, "Shut up! Stop humiliating me! Stop before I destroy you!" The eruption occurred because his classmates first teased him about reading all the time...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Bullying, Females, Student Behavior, Academically Gifted, Peer Relationship, School...
We at Adams have committed ourselves (1) to search for new ways to make the inquiry into our own activities and the evaluation of our programs relevant and consistent with our notions of humanistic and personal education, and (2) to seek a mechanism for using research and evaluation to improve the operation of the school at every level and for generating data which is generalizable to other schools. The entire staff has the obligation to formulate and seek convincing answers to questions...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Educational Research, Evaluation, Experimental Schools, School Role, Staff Role
In investigating educational goals, academic performance, academic self-esteem, and educational attainment, researchers should realize the importance of the school environment as well as individual student characteristics. To evaluate the significance of school effects, a project was undertaken to ascertain why students in high status schools were more likely to aspire to go to college than were similar students in schools drawing from lower status populations. Specifically, three perspectives...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Academic Ability, Academic Achievement, Academic Aspiration, College Attendance, Data...
This report on urban education in New Jersey describes major problems and presents recommendations for solving them. The report is based on a telephone survey of members of the New Jersey Education Association (NJEA) from 29 school districts identified as urban aid districts, and the recommendations were generated at roundtable discussions and two public hearings. First, the general characteristics of urban districts are discussed. The remainder of the report is divided into segments based on...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Black Students, Educational Finance, Educational Improvement, Educational Policy,...
This leader's guide contains materials for conducting a 1-, 2-, or 3-hour workshop to help teachers develop techniques and classroom activities that will address and alleviate student stress resulting from the rural crisis. Resources for the 1-hour program include introductory remarks, a 28-minute videotape about how the agricultural economic crisis has affected students and staff in four Iowa schools, and a series of discussion questions relating to the videotape. The 2-hour program adds...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Counseling Techniques, Elementary Secondary Education, Leaders Guides, Learning...
This article focuses on the collaborations between academics and community-based organizations seeking to fundamentally reorganize the way food is produced, distributed, and consumed as well as valued. The central research question investigates whether and how the growth of community--campus engagement (CCE) can strengthen food movements. Drawing on an analysis of 5 case studies in Canada, research demonstrated that when it is part of relationships based on mutual benefit and reciprocity, CCE...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Sustainability, Food Service, Community Organizations, Agribusiness, Campuses, School...
The function of qualitative research in education is examined, taking into account the curriculum development of one institution, the Escuela Normal Veracruzana, Jalapa (Mexico), which is one of the oldest teacher training colleges (dating from 1886) still functioning in Mexico. Although this academic institution never traditionally promoted the sort of research activities associated with the detailed analysis of data collected in fieldwork, educational ethnography and qualitative research are...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Curriculum Development, Data Analysis, Educational Change, Educational History,...
Risk taking is natural. As the bumper stickers says: "Risk taking happens!" Risk taking behavior may be beneficial or harmful. Some risk taking is unintentional. But a considerable amount stems from proactive or reactive motivation. For schools, some forms of student risk taking behavior are a necessity, and some forms are a problem. With respect to the former, it is clear that learning frequently is a risky business. That is, it is a given that successful instruction calls for...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Educational Change, Educational Improvement, At Risk Persons, Student Behavior,...
This research aims at describing the functions of education played by the family, school, community, and government in education partnerships in Makassar. It is also explaining the holistic model of education partnerships in Makassar. This study used a qualitative approach with a case study. The data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation. There are some results of this research. First, the role of the family in the function of education is not run optimally. Second,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, Holistic Approach, Models, Partnerships in Education, Case...
Eleven influential individuals who have brought breadth of vision to their work in education answer questions and give comments on the next 20 years of education by looking back on the past 20 years. The panelists are: Alonzo Crim, superintendent of schools in Atlanta, Georgia; Russell Edgerton, president of the American Association for Higher Education; Harold Howe II, senior lecturer at the Graduate School of Education at Harvard; Francis Keppel, former United States commissioner of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Educational Change, Educational Environment, Educational History, Educational Trends,...
Together with the many advantages incurred by educational reform there are concomitantly a number of challenges that have to be addressed. In the field of special education there have probably been more changes in the past decade than in any other area of education. In 2006, Hong Kong is undoubtedly at the cusp of major changes which continue to reflect the paradigm shifts occurring internationally. One area of concern for all is the issue of support for learners with special needs. It is clear...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, Educational Change, Special Education, Special Needs Students,...
The Kansas City School Behavior Project was intended to devise and test the effectiveness of a program of action for the treatment of mild behavioral disturbances in children in the school setting. The program was expected to prevent, to some extent, severe behavioral disturbances among these children in the adolescent years, and to have an effect on behavior in the total community as well as in the school setting. The design was executed within the resources of personnel and time budget of the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Behavior Problems, Classroom Techniques, Delinquency Prevention, Followup Studies,...
There are two contemporary urban reform thrusts working in parallel, one being the move toward coordinated children's services through the public schools (full-service schooling), and the other a press toward the economic and social regeneration of poor neighborhoods. The interest in a much-broadened mission for the public school (toward coordinated children's and family services) has captured attention in American communities nationwide, and the approach is being tested with varying...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Ancillary School Services, Economic Factors, Elementary Secondary Education,...
Every two years the Department of Defense Education Activity (DoDEA) administers the DoDEA Customer Satisfaction Survey (CSS) to all parents with children attending DoDEA schools and all 4th-12th grade students enrolled in a DoDEA school. Parents were asked to complete one survey for each school in which they had a child enrolled. The purpose of the CSS survey is to gauge the satisfaction and opinions of students and parents with DoDEA schools in comparison with parents nationally and to...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Disabilities, Public Education, Public Schools, Mass Media, Newspapers, Family...
Interest in "open" education has been stimulated by reforms going on in the British primary school. It is also stimulated by a belief that British schools must become more responsive to the people they are intended to serve and less controlled by institutional routines and technological requirements. A two-dimensional scheme is proposed for conceptualizing various kinds of educational environments. The scheme requires that two sets of questions be asked. The first set deals with the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Attitude Change, Beliefs, Child Development, Cognitive Processes, Communication...
This bulletin discusses secondary education in the United States from the years 1916-1918. The following contents are included: (1) Character of school reports; (2) Growth of high schools; (3) The small high school; (4) Consolidation and coordination; (5) Larger use of the school plant; (6) The high schools and the colleges; (7) Failures and marks; (8) Retardation, attendance, and elimination; (9) High school pupils, (10) High schools for Negroes; (11) Secondary school teachers and principals;...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Educational History, Small Schools, Consolidated Schools, Coordination, Mental...
The Higher Education Performance Funding to be introduced in 2011 is a key development in the policy and financing framework for Australian Higher Education. The performance funding framework, along with mission-based compacts, the new equity initiatives, the relaxing of caps on Commonwealth supported places and the establishment of the Tertiary Education Quality and Standards Agency (TEQSA) will radically change the drivers of higher education in Australia into the future. It is important...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Higher Education, Foreign Countries, Educational Finance, Financial Support,...
The purpose of this lecture is to provide a perspective from which parents and school people can formulate reasoned opinions on what the school's role should be in regard to students' values. The author offers a definition of values and discusses three rough categories of values--esthetic, instrumental, and moral. The school is a creature of the society it serves--in our case, a democracy. Thus, the perspective from which we view questions about schooling and values should include a considered...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Community Role, Democratic Values, Human Dignity, Moral Values, Parent Role, School...
Opinions about what makes an effective middle school were elicited by this study in which 153 principals of exemplary middle schools and 35 national leaders of the middle school movement were queried. Questionnaires asked about the functions and characteristics of middle schools regarding (1) students, (2) teachers, (3) principals, (4) curriculum, and (5) facilities and organization. Data analyses included an examination of frequency of responses across the five categories for each item,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Administrator Attitudes, Administrator Role, Basic Skills, Curriculum, Educational...
Engaged scholarship, translational science, integrated research, and interventionist research, all involve bringing research into a practical context. These usually require working with communities and institutions, and often involve community based participatory research. The article offers practical guidance for engaged research. The authors have experience in doing medical research with schools. There are very few guiding principles or literature to assist the school-based researcher,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Cooperation, Teamwork, Research Methodology, Research, School Role, Public Health,...
As the proceedings from a 2005 joint seminar between U.S. and United Kingdom service-learning and citizenship education experts and practitioners, this report presents information on the similar challenges both countries face in promoting and implementing political literacy and citizenship education programs. The seminar was entitled "Political Literacy and Service Learning: The Role of Schools and Their Communities" and was held in Charleston, South Carolina, on April 12-15, 2005....
Topics: ERIC Archive, Democracy, Citizenship Education, Service Learning, School Role, Politics, Literacy,...
This paper notes the tendency among non-literate peoples such as the American Indians to lose their native language as the demands of modern technology increasingly push them towards literacy in a language which is not their own, and argues that literacy in the vernacular language may present such acculturation and language loss from going hand in hand. Relating this to the Navajo Indians, the author shows that, despite the relative ineffectiveness of English teaching programs, Navajo is...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Acculturation, American Indians, Bilingual Education, Community Schools, Literacy,...
A project that obtained secondary data images on all nonpublic schools, secular and sectarian, in the United States is described. Original data were gathered for five in-depth case studies. This project was limited to an analysis of nonpublic schools through grade 12; it included several subdivisions. Studies on nonpublic schools were conducted in the following areas: (1) attitudinal demand, (2) present enrollment and projection of future enrollment, (3) costs and revenues with concomitant...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Attitude Change, Case Studies, Catholic Schools, Catholics, Cost Effectiveness, Data...
Cumulative deficit is an hypothesis concerning the cause of lower mental test scores of groups considered environmentally deprived. It presupposes a progressive decrement in test scores, relative to population norms, as a function of age. Clarification of the theoretical issues and the methodological problems involved in establishing the progressive decrement phenomenon are discussed in relation to the relevant research on disadvantaged groups, especially American Negroes. In this group in...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Black Students, Educationally Disadvantaged, Elementary School Students, Intellectual...
