The purpose of this exploratory research is to document the level of personal assistance support provided to students with severe physical disabilities by disability support services in higher education institutions across the United States. A national survey was conducted of members of the Association of Higher Education And Disability (AHEAD) via an online survey. Of the 326 respondents with usable responses, 36 (14.1%) stated they provided some level of personal assistance services to...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Higher Education, Physical Disabilities, Severe Disabilities, National Surveys,...
This paper discusses the concept of individualized, supported living arrangements for individuals with severe disabilities. The supported living arrangements are intended to enable people with disabilities to live in the community in a manner of their choice that most closely approximates the experience of people without disabilities, with support and assistance in varying degrees as needed. The supported living program expects pursuit and achievement of expanded opportunities, skills,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Attendants, Independent Living, Individualized Programs, Males, Normalization...
This monograph presents an evaluative description of the Alaska Youth Initiative (AYI), a community-based interagency program serving children and adolescents with severe emotional and behavioral disorders. Principles of the program include a no reject policy and a "wraparound" service delivery approach. The monograph offers information on both process and outcome in descriptions of the lives of 10 children and adolescents before, during, and after their experience with AYI. The first...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adolescents, Agency Cooperation, Behavior Disorders, Case Studies, Children,...
This training module on transitioning young children with disabilities into preschool programs is from the Mississippi Early Education Program for Children with Multiple Disabilities, a program designed to train Individuals with Disabilities Education Act Part H service coordinators and service providers to use family centered strategies. Objectives of the training include teaching practitioners to recognize the importance of agency collaboration for the transition from intervention services to...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Agency Cooperation, Early Intervention, Educational Legislation, Family Programs,...
This descriptive study formulates a comprehensive picture of the structure, educational practices, and associated positive student outcomes of integrated programs for students with severe disabilities across a variety of California communities. Three of the seven participating programs represented the full inclusion model of integration implemented at the elementary level. Four of the programs represented special class models of integration; two were located at elementary schools and two at...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Delivery Systems, Elementary Education, Elementary School Students, High School...
This report documents activities and projects from 1987 to 1994 of the Trace Research and Development Center (Wisconsin), which addresses the communication needs of nonvocal severely disabled children and adults. During this period the Center also served as a national Rehabilitation Engineering Research Center on the topic of Access to Computers and Electronic Devices. Introductory information includes an overview of the Center and a description of recently released products. The main body of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Accessibility (for Disabled), Assistive Devices (for Disabled), Communication Aids...
This monograph contains eight studies on supported employment and transition conducted by graduate students in rehabilitation counselor training programs. Chapter 1, "Income Allowance Policies of State Medicaid Agencies as Work Incentives or Disincentives for ICR/MR Residents" (James A. Mayer and others), found in a survey of six Midwestern states that although some state Medicaid agencies have had work incentive policies for ICF/MR residents for some time, others continue to utilize...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adults, Decision Making, Disabilities, Employer Attitudes, Graduate Students, Higher...
This manual is intended to accompany technical assistance efforts aimed at improving selected states' home health care programs for children with chronic illness and severe disability. Summary descriptions of funding sources are presented, including purpose, eligibility guidelines, and services covered, as well as additional information as warranted. The first section of the manual describes funding streams available to states and applicable to home care support, including: medical care (six);...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Educational Finance, Elementary Secondary Education, Family Programs, Federal...
This report summarizes the results of a 3-year project in the metropolitan Boston (Massachusetts) area designed to demonstrate job placement and support for individuals with multiple disabilities that include severe physical disabilities and mental retardation. The report summarizes project outcomes, the cost and range of supports that participants received, and issues in the design and implementation of supports for individuals with multiple disabilities. The project placed 11 individuals in...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Community Programs, Employment Programs, Human Services, Job Development, Job...
The valuation of academic achievements in students with severe language impairment is problematic if they also have difficulties in sustaining attention and in praxic skills. In severe autism all of these difficulties may occur together. Multiple-choice tests offer the advantage that simple praxic skills are required, allowing the tasks to be performed without physical support. Even so, attentive and behavioral difficulties may be so disruptive that achievements may be underestimated. Since...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Multiple Choice Tests, Academic Achievement, Autism, Mainstreaming, Secondary School...
Age appropriate training programs in natural environments for deaf-blind adolescents help to develop functional skills, with the ultimate goal of independent living and work placement. Other approaches to the education of handicapped children entail activity for the sake of activity, or babysitting and fun activities. The actual training of a severely handicapped individual on a real job has been found to accurately demonstrate the active potential of a student. The more severely disabled a...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adolescents, Community Programs, Daily Living Skills, Deaf Blind, Group Homes, Job...
The manual presents a program planning framework and teaching units for teaching dance and movement to severely and profoundly handicapped individuals. The planning framework contains four components: (1) aesthetic perception/multisensory integration; (2) creative expression; (3) dance heritage/historical and cultural; and (4) aesthetic valuing/enjoyment, observation, recognition. Contents, goals, and long- and short-term objectives are identified for each. The teaching units correspond to the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Cultural Activities, Curriculum Development, Dance Therapy, Elementary Secondary...
The curriculum is an adaptation of a secondary social studies curriculum designed to help nonhandicapped students understand alienation. In Unit I, students explore their personal experiences of alienation either as victims or perpetrators. In lessons 1 and 2 they role play an alienating situation in the classroom and analyze such past experiences of their classmates. In the third lesson, students practice problem solving skills to find solutions to situations in which individuals or groups are...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Accessibility (for Disabled), Alienation, Curriculum Development, Lesson Plans, Peer...
Role play with toys was modeled to develop communicative language function in 14 visually impaired Ss (ages 8-26 years) who also were mentally retarded. Before treatment, Ss' language was non-communicating and characterized by echolalic and stereotypic verbal responses. Few questions and little narrative speech was present even in those Ss who had fully developed sentence structure. Among the findings was that the Ss acquired dialogue behavior as they learned to role-play. Communicative...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Exceptional Child Research, Multiple Disabilities, Play, Role Playing, Severe...
This monograph presents lessons learned from the five-year (1992-97) project, Together We're Better, a federally funded systems change project focused on inclusion of children with severe disabilities in Minnesota schools and communities. The project identified six focus areas: (1) district partnerships, (2) personnel preparation and development, (3) an inclusion mentorship program, (4) statewide training, (5) family leadership, and (6) development of inclusive education products. Lessons...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Cooperative Programs, Demonstration Programs, Elementary Secondary Education,...
Presented are papers and programs generated as part of a Madison, Wisconsin project to develop a public school educational program for severely handicapped students. Three introductory papers deal with topics such as teacher training, litigation over questions of overinclusion and overexclusion, and what the practitioner needs from the researcher to develop public school programs for low-functioning individuals. Four language and reading skill programs are reported on the following topics:...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Court Litigation, Daily Living Skills, Exceptional Child Education, Exceptional Child...
Provided are guidelines for parents and teachers working with severely handicapped deaf blind children. Hearing, vision, and communication considerations are listed in the first section. Specific suggestions are outlined for developing the following skills: discipline, body movement, toilet training, eating, dressing, washing, and social awareness. A final section includes recommendations for home activities. (CL)
Topics: ERIC Archive, Daily Living Skills, Deaf Blind, Discipline, Exceptional Child Education, Guidelines,...
Provided is a competency based career ladder model (developed for Colorado) to enable universities and colleges to improve preservice programs for teachers of the moderately and severely retarded, and to aid state and local agencies in planning meaningful inservice programs. Administration requires cooperation of state groups such as the state department of education and the local agency and coordination by a central office. The following dimensions of the model are described: the rationale...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Administration, Agency Cooperation, Behavioral Objectives, Competency Based Teacher...
Five severely disabled middle school students received peer training in self-monitoring their classroom behaviors. Teachers chose 11 target behaviors to increase student participation in the general education classroom. Each participating student was assigned a nondisabled eighth-grade peer tutor who received 8 weeks of training in delivery of praise, positive reinforcement, error correction, and data collection. Peer tutors discussed with their participating students how the students would...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Classroom Techniques, Mainstreaming, Middle School Students, Middle Schools, Peer...
The Postsecondary Program School-to-Work Transition Activity in Carroll County Public Schools (Maryland) has been identified as an exemplary school-to-work program that includes students with disabilities. This program serves 25 students aged 17-21 with disabilities in a noncategorical setting with a large majority of students having significant disabilities or mental retardation. Students who have completed a secondary special education program, participated in graduation ceremonies, and are...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Autism, Behavior Disorders, College Students, Demonstration Programs, Education Work...
The final volume in a series on Project REACH (Regular Education for All Children with Handicaps) is addressed to administrators involved in integrating severely disabled students into regular public schools. The manual is intended as a trouble-shooting tool with information on background theories and specific strategies. An introductory chapter setting forth the rationale for integration is followed by discussion of major issues, concepts, and terminology. Suggestions for accomplishing...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Administrator Role, Elementary Secondary Education, Mainstreaming, Peer Relationship,...
The authors describe a data based physical education curriculum designed for low incidence severely handicapped students by Oregon State University in conjunction with Teaching Research. Chapter 1 provides a brief introduction to the physical education curriculum and the Teaching Research model with emphasis placed on the importance of individualized and data based instruction. Chapter 2 addresses the basic principles underlying the behavior modification approach that is utilized in the Data...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Athletics, Behavior Modification, Curriculum, Games, Gymnasiums, Individualized...
Ticket to Work and Self-Sufficiency program (TTW) was designed to enhance the market for services that help disability beneficiaries become economically self-sufficient by providing beneficiaries with a wide range of choices for obtaining services and to give employment-support service providers new financial incentives to serve beneficiaries effectively. Although results suggest that TTW slightly increases beneficiary use of employment services, analysis of trends in TTW payment data suggests...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Employment Services, Incentives, Disabilities, Vocational Rehabilitation, Social...
The guide presents information on programming physical and recreational activities for severely and profoundly mentally retarded individuals of all ages who are in public and private treatment and direct care facilities, continuum care settings, and community programs. An introductory article stresses the need for physical activity by the severely handicapped, lists program goals, and offers general and specific suggestions for physical activities. Part 1 gives examples of behaviors to be...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Annotated Bibliographies, Educational Needs, Exceptional Child Education, Individual...
Innovators in supported employment for individuals with severe disabilities have made important conceptual shifts by broadening their understanding of the resources that they assess and organize as they assist a person with a disability to do a competent job. There have been two important shifts in the service perspective in evaluating what it takes to get a job done. The first shift has expanded the focus from the person alone to the person plus a skilled coach, and involves assessing the job...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adults, Employer Employee Relationship, Employment Potential, Helping Relationship,...
Presented is a report of a 4-month project designed to review literature on projects pertaining to deaf-blind prevocational training, to implement a model prevocational program for six severely handicapped deaf-blind students (10 years old), and to conduct two workshops in the area of prevocational training for deaf-blind students. Provided in Section I are a basic description of the model, its curriculum components (which include daily living skills and vocational type skills), and the task...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Daily Living Skills, Deaf Blind, Elementary Education, Exceptional Child Education,...
This document is part of a series of monographs on community-based services for children and adolescents who are severely emotionally disturbed. The series is the product of a national study of community-based service approaches which identified over 200 programs serving emotionally disturbed children and included visits to several programs representing a variety of service delivery approaches. This volume begins with a presentation of a model system of care, along with principles for service...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adolescents, Children, Community Programs, Community Services, Crisis Intervention,...
This monograph provides a descriptive analysis of five grant programs funded by the Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services (OSERS) in 1984. The programs were designed to stimulate the improvement and development of programs for secondary special education and to strengthen and coordinate education, training, and related services to assist in the transition process to postsecondary education, vocational training, competitive employment, continuing education, or adult services....
Topics: ERIC Archive, Demonstration Programs, Disabilities, Education Work Relationship, Federal Aid,...
This compilation brings together various conference papers and a working group report on health and psychosocial aspects of transition for people with deaf-blindness and other profound disabilities. The title paper by Sharon Hostler focuses on health service needs of the individual, including health planning, a transition health assessment, and an adult care plan. Psychosocial service needs of the family and needs of the health care system are also discussed. A response by Mary O'Donnell,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adults, Deaf Blind, Delivery Systems, Family Involvement, Health Needs, Health...
The report examines, from a cognitive developmental view, research on the teachable moment or critical learning period in handicapped infants. The author explains that developmental gaps are produced by a mismatch between the infant's readiness and opportunity to learn. Characteristics and educational implications of specific handicapping conditions (including blindness, Down's syndrome, autism, cerebral palsy, amputation, physical handicaps, severe handicaps, multiple handicaps, spina bifida,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Autism, Blindness, Cerebral Palsy, Child Development, Cognitive Development,...
This 1994 directory of project abstracts provides an overview of the ongoing efforts of researchers supported by the Division of Innovation and Development of the U.S. Office of Special Education Programs. Abstracts of 236 projects are separated into 10 sections according to the primary focus of the study. The 10 sections are: (1) assessment and evaluation; (2) cultural differences; (3) infants, young children, and families; (4) instructional effectiveness, models, and learning; (5) policy,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Behavior Disorders, Computer Software, Cultural Differences, Delivery Systems,...
This text is designed to examine the intake phase of rehabilitation as it relates to severely handicapped clients, and to offer some suggestions to the rehabilitation counselor for making the intake process more responsive to the needs of the severely handicapped. The text identifies two major components of the process: (1) the exchange of information between the client and the counselor, and (2) the recording of information by the counselor. It discusses ways that a counselor can be more...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Communication Skills, Counselor Role, Counselors, Federal Legislation, Guidelines,...
The delivery model of the Birth-through-Three program incorporates interlocking community-based centers with a regional agency (Little Tennessee Valley Educational Cooperative) under the administrative guidance of an advisory council. The program goal is to provide highly qualified professional services to the targeted children/families within their home communities in a cost-effective manner. A community-based center in Blount County, Tennessee, serves 15 children and one in Loudon County...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Community Services, Cooperative Programs, Delivery Systems, Educational Assessment,...
This monograph explores the development of comprehensive systems of care for severely emotionally disturbed children and adolescents. It is intended as a technical assistance tool for states and communities interested in improving services and as a review of the state of the art for developing systems of care. A generic model of a system of care is presented, along with principles for service delivery and alternative system management approaches. The components of the system of care include...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adolescents, Children, Delivery Systems, Educational Practices, Emotional...
Previous studies have shown that presession attention for problem behavior can serve as an abolishing operation when attention functions as a positive reinforcer. In the current study, we show that the stereotypy of a child with severe disabilities was undifferentiated during standard analogue functional analysis conditions. However, when noncontingent presession attention was provided, stereotypy occurred for social attention as a positive reinforcer, suggesting that the antecedent...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Positive Reinforcement, Behavior Problems, Attention Deficit Disorders, Research...
Described is the application of error-free learning to the education of severely retarded and multiply handicapped children (infancy through middle school years). It is explained that two projects at the University of Kentucky (Programmed Environments and Telecommunications for the Severely Handicapped) focus on a programed environment in which the children's interactions with automated learning devices and with adults are arranged to increase the probability of correct responses. Data in the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Curriculum Development, Electromechanical Aids, Elementary Education, Environmental...
This manual is intended to accompany a videotape entitled "Tangible Symbol Systems." The manual summarizes techniques shown in the videotape, gives additional background and technical information, and supplies recordkeeping forms. It is aimed at teachers, parents, and others who work with individuals who have severe/multiple sensory disabilities, and possibly cognitive disabilities as well. Techniques are applicable with subjects of all ages. The focus of these techniques is...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Assistive Devices (for Disabled), Communication Aids (for Disabled), Elementary...
Small, rural schools may have a limited range of services available onsite for students with intensive special needs. This report describes the philosophical approaches and situational strategies for these students, implemented successfully by staff at two small rural schools in Maine. Small rural schools have the most difficulty in programming for students who require more than 60 percent of the day in a special setting, or an alternative curriculum in several domains. Often, alternative day...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Educational Cooperation, Educational Strategies, Elementary Secondary Education,...
The report examines progress through the school year 1979-80 in implementing P.L. 94-142, The Education for All Handicapped Children Act. Stressed in the executive summary are increased services to preschool handicapped children, increased services to secondary level handicapped youth, increased services to the severely handicapped, removal of barriers impeding interagency cooperation, increased availability of trained personnel, development and implementation of formalized monitoring and due...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Compliance (Legal), Correctional Education, Delivery Systems, Disabilities, Due...
The summary of the comprehensive needs study of individuals with the most severe handicaps presents major findings regarding definitions, incidence, needs, and current services for the severely handicapped. It is explained that information was gathered through data file analysis, client surveys, a review of the literature, and constituency impact assessments. Among findings reviewed are that the total U.S. population with most severe handicaps is 10,067,000; that age plays a crucial role in the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Architectural Barriers, Definitions, Demography, Employment, Exceptional Child...
The newsletter describes the development of a vocational training model for severely handicapped and deaf blind adolescents. The need for innovative vocational models in the secondary school is discussed. Three stages of the vocational training model are presented--assessment in five job samples (food service, groundskeeping-agriculture, janitorial-maintenance, office-clerical, recycling); extensive training in two of the five samples; and training resulting in long term employment. The role of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adolescents, Deaf Blind, Models, Program Descriptions, Secondary Education, Severe...
Parental projections of service needs and their ranking of features they perceived as important in vocational and residential programs for their handicapped son/daughter were assessed through a written questionnaire. A total of 163 questionnaires were completed and returned by parents of high school students with moderate and severe handicaps. The questionnaire consisted of nine items that asked parents to provide demographic information, to rank features of vocational and day services most...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Programs, Ancillary School Services, Community Services, Education Work...
A needs assessment determined the need for independent living skills for high school students with severe disabilities, as perceived by the students (n=45), their parents (n=38) and their teachers (n=7). Results revealed that the students believed that their lives were steadily improving, that they were more satisfied than dissatisfied with the quality of their lives, and that they expected to be happier in the future. Students expressed greater satisfaction than their parents perceived they...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Daily Living Skills, High School Students, High Schools, Interpersonal Competence,...
An approach is presented for estimating the need for specific types of services within a system of care for children and adolescents with serious emotional disturbances and for estimating the staff, dollars, and other resources required. Many of the issues that need to be resolved before one can "size" and cost out a system of care are also explored, such as defining the service area; defining the target population; determining how many will be served; and defining values and the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adolescents, Children, Cost Estimates, Emotional Disturbances, Estimation...
This manual includes articles that address many of the major issues affecting supported employment programs for individuals with severe disabilities. Articles discuss current trends in service delivery, the experiences of local community employment agencies, issues involved in funding supported employment, natural support implementation strategies, and transition from school to work. Specific issues and programs reviewed include: (1) results of the 1995 National Survey of Supported Employment...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adolescents, Adults, Delivery Systems, Education Work Relationship, Educational...
The purpose of this project is to develop and to individually examine the efficacy of three different components of an integrated literacy program. No attempt is made to compare the components of the program to each other. Rather, the goal is to determine the effectiveness of each component of the program on the acquisition of the reading of pictures and logos (visual literacy component), and written text (sight-word instruction component and phonics instruction component). The following are...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Decoding (Reading), Visual Literacy, Reading Instruction, Disabilities, Severe...
The House of Commons Select Committee on Education (2006) estimated that around 18% of all pupils in England were categorised as having Special Educational Needs (SEN). "Around 3% of all children (250,000) had a statement of SEN and around 1% of all children were in special schools (90,000) which represent approximately one third of children with statements" (House of Commons, 2006, p. 5). However, until very recently, there has been no overall perspective on what might count as an...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Learning Problems, Research and Development, Educational Needs, Music Education,...
This 2-year study examined how assistive technologies are used in educational programs for children who have significant multiple disabilities. Naturalistic inquiry incorporated qualitative collection procedures including observations, videotapes of children, and questionnaires and interviews with teachers and parents. Three groups of children were studied. The children had used technology applications in early intervention programs or received technology assessments and follow up as part of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Accessibility (for Disabled), Assistive Devices (for Disabled), Case Studies, Child...
This directory provides abstracts of 236 current research projects funded by the Division of Innovation and Development, Office of Special Education Programs, U.S. Department of Education. Abstracts are grouped into the following 10 topical sections: (1) assessment and evaluation; (2) cultural differences; (3) infants, young children, and families; (4) instructional effectiveness, models, and learning; (5) policy, restructuring, and service delivery issues; (6) secondary education and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Behavior Disorders, Computer Software, Cultural Differences, Delivery Systems,...
This paper presents a novel school-based intervention programme for children with chronic and severe emotional and behavioural difficulties. The main aim of the programme is to reduce conduct problems and to increase prosocial behaviours. The ultimate aim of such a programme is to help pupils with severe and chronic conduct problems back on track to mainstream education. The programme was developed based on basic science findings, including recent neuroscience work on children with elevated...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Behavior Problems, Intervention, Behavior Disorders, Emotional Disturbances, Behavior...
