This paper responds to a previous Strategic Forum (no. 243, July 2009) entitled U.S.-Mexico Defense Relations: An Incompatible Interface by Craig Deare. Some of the assertions and conclusions within Dr. Deare's paper were flawed due to an outdated U.S.-Mexico paradigm that preceded the 9/11 attacks and recent counterdrug operations in Mexico. If his work had been published prior to the establishment of U.S. Northern Command (USNORTHCOM), would have been well received, but times have changed....
Topics: DTIC Archive, NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIV WASHINGTON DC INST FOR NATIONAL STRATEGIC STUDIES, *HOMELAND...
The U.S. military and state National Guard have a long and proud tradition of defending our nation from attack and assisting civil authority during times of crisis. Notwithstanding their primary Federal purpose of fighting wars, the frequency with which U.S. military forces are employed for missions related to homeland security has risen dramatically since 9/11. This change is understandable given the increase in the perceived and actual threat to the United States. The American military, which...
Topics: DTIC Archive, NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIV WASHINGTON DC INST FOR NATIONAL STRATEGIC STUDIES, *HOMELAND...
U.S. Northern Command, as the command responsible for homeland defense for the continental United States, has undertaken a number of homeland defense planning efforts, but it does not have a key detailed supporting plan for responding to maritime threats. Northern Command requires supporting DOD organizations to develop plans to support its homeland defense plan. The current, 2008 version of the plan requires a supporting plan from the commander of U.S. Fleet Forces Command, who is designated...
Topics: DTIC Archive, GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE WASHINGTON DC, *OCEAN SURVEILLANCE, *DEFENSE...
The Army National Guard Special Forces has a unique position that allows state governors to call upon the group to support domestic operations and provide additional forces for the United States Army Special Forces Command when needed. The necessity to coordinate the emerging domestic operations being undertaken or discussed by the Army National Guard Special Forces has been identified as a shortcoming by senior leaders of the Army National Guard and their Special Operations advisors, but...
Topics: Army National Guard, National Guard, Special Forces, Special Operations Command – North,...
Since 1790, throughout both World Wars, Vietnam, and a majority of the Cold War, the Coast Guard’s major cutters relevantly contributed to United States naval warfare capacity. The post–Cold War global security environment reinforced the Coast Guard’s relevance as a hybrid military-and-law enforcement service, sharing similarities with many navies throughout the globe. However, despite very recent recapitalization, Coast Guard major cutters, the mainstay of Coast Guard armed service...
Topics: Coast Guard, maritime homeland defense, civil-military affairs, anti-submarine warfare
USNORTHCOM was chartered by the Department of Defense as a Unified Combatant Command to provide command and control of homeland defense and to provide defense support of civil authorities. Paradoxically though, USNORTHCOM struggles to fulfill its charter within the legal constraints of the federal government. The myriad of legal and political considerations that determine who will command troops when they are sent to respond to a hurricane, wildfire or other disaster still contributes to...
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *HOMELAND DEFENSE, *NATIONAL GUARD, *MILITARY...
The last 5 years have demonstrated that the Marine Corps Reserve is a full partner in the Total Force Marine Corps. Marine Forces Reserve remains committed to the rapid and efficient activation of combat-ready ground, air, and logistics units, as well as individuals, to augment and reinforce the Active Component in the war on terrorism. Marine Corps Reserve units, Individual Ready Reserve Marines, and Individual Mobilization Augmentees fill critical requirements in our nation's defense and have...
Topics: DTIC Archive, HEADQUARTERS MARINE CORPS FOR MANPOWER AND RESERVE AFFAIRS QUANTICO VA, *COMBAT...
Contents of this issue include: Message from the Director; JCOA-LL Update Organizing NORTHCOM for Homeland Defense; The Posse Comitatus Act and DOD Policy for Homeland Security; Federal Government Policy on Homeland Security: Recent Official Reports; The Role of Federal Military Forces in Domestic Law Enforcement; U.S. Joint Forces Command's Response to the Terrorism Threat Against the Homeland; The U.S. Army Veterinary Corps and Homeland Security; Lessons Learned in Response and Recovery: The...
Topics: DTIC Archive, UNITED STATES JOINT FORCES COMMAND SUFFOLK VA JOINT CENTER FOR OPERATIONAL ANALYSIS,...
Past domestic catastrophic disasters have required massive Department of Defense (DoD) Title 10 involvement. During Hurricanes Andrew and Katrina, DoDs initial response, although critical, was criticized as slow. The increased risks to the United States of cataclysmic events have solidified DoDs mandatory response to future events. This has punctuated the importance of DoDs initial response capability. Historically, DoDs response to catastrophic disasters was instantaneous. This was in part due...
Topics: Preparedness., Disaster Response, Civil Support, Department of Defense, Defense Support of Civil...
National Defense Industrial Association 2006 Homeland Security Symposium and Exposition: Port Security and Maritime Domain Awareness; Chemical, Radiological and Biological Defense; Critical Infrastructure Protection/Cyber Security; Information Analysis/Intelligence
Topics: DTIC Archive, NATIONAL DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL ASSOCIATION ARLINGTON VA ARLINGTON United States,...
At the outbreak of World War II, Great Britain was unprepared to counter German submarine warfare in the Atlantic. In World War I, Germany had conducted a devastating U-boat campaign against merchant shipping, threatening the Atlantic supply chain that Britain depended on for goods, food, and materiel. The Royal Navy defended the commercial fleet by organizing convoy escorts. In the interwar period, the navy was burdened by a poor economy, interservice rivalry, and a treaty limiting its fleet....
Topics: military history, strategy, homeland defense
We are now moving beyond traditional distinctions between homeland and national security. National security draws on the strength and resilience of our citizens, communities, and economy. This includes a determination to prevent terrorist attacks against the American people by fully coordinating the actions that we take abroad with the actions and precautions that we take at home. It must also include a commitment to building a more secure and resilient nation, while maintaining open flows of...
Topics: DTIC Archive, OFFICE OF THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (PUBLIC AFFAIRS) WASHINGTON DC,...
Contents of this journal are as follows: 1) Volunteer Military Organizations: An Overlooked Asset; 2) The Impact of the Military Emergency Management Specialist (MEMS) Academy on State Defense Forces; 3) On Creating a Useful and Pleasing State Defense Force Website; 4) The Texas Medical Rangers and Thousands of Patients; 5) Homeland Security: The Military's Confusing Role; 6) Twenty Questions for State Defense Force Leadership.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Bankus, Brent C, STATE DEFENSE FORCE GERMANTOWN MD, *HOMELAND DEFENSE, *MILITARY...
This thesis revolves around a central question: Can United States Special Operations Command act as the conduit to network special operations in support of strategies specific to transnational organized crime (TOC) and homeland defense (HD)? An examination of the 2015 National Security Strategy (NSS), the 2012 Defense Strategic Guidance (DSG), and the 2014Quadrennial Defense Review (QDR), uncovers some distinctive goals and requirements linked to national security on U.S.frontiers. The U.S....
Topics: DTIC Archive, CASTRO, ALEX, NDU/JFSC Joint Advanced Warfighting School NORFOLK United States,...
To meet the aviation needs of our Nation now and in the future, the Federal government must continue to advance U.S. technological leadership in aeronautics by fostering a vibrant and dynamic aeronautics community that includes government, industry, and academia. A strong national program of research and development (R&D) for aeronautics technology forms the foundation of the U.S. aeronautics and aviation enterprise. Aeronautics R&D is critical for national security and homeland...
Topics: DTIC Archive, EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT WASHINGTON DC, *RESEARCH MANAGEMENT, *AERONAUTICS,...
This conference will provide information relevant to MDA requirements in Infrastructure and Environment Support Services; and provides opportunities for matchmaking with MDA Prime contractors .
Topics: DTIC Archive, Rosenberg,Lee, National Defense Industrial Association Arlington United States,...
This thesis examines the increasing capability and proliferation of land attack cruise missiles (LACMs) within the context of the changing geopolitical environment. The research analyzes the current state of NORADs homeland cruise missile defense apparatus with respect to its organization and technical capability. The principle argument is that land attack cruise missiles are becoming increasingly lethal,accurate, stealthy, prolific, easy to employ, and difficult to detect. The United States...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Percle,Clayton J, Joint Forces Staff College Norfolk United States, theses, cruise...
What global grand challenges do we face today that will have an impact on the homeland security landscape twenty-five years from now? Today, a grand challenge is intended as a call-to-action for a given field, to find the potential solution for a moonshot problem. This thesis recommends potential methods and organizational capacity requirements for Department of Homeland Security (DHS) science and technology (S and T) based on a focused comparison of three cases: XPRIZE, Defense Advanced...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Bowman,Calvin J, Naval Postgraduate School Monterey United States, technology...
The pendulum has swung back and civil defense is a priority again, although the new terms in the national lexicon are homeland security, homeland defense and civil support. Securing the homeland in America's complex security environment requires Federal departments and agencies, state and local governments, the private sector, and individual citizens to perform many strategic, operational, and tactical level tasks in an integrated fashion. Arguably, the most formidable United States Government...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Steenson, Michael S, NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIV NORFOLK VA JOINT ADVANCED WARFIGHTING...
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Topics: elizabeth farah, homeland defense, worldnetdaily
This thesis conducts a comparative analysis of the national security mission, members and budget processes of Australia and United States. This paper explores the Australian model with emphasis on its whole-of-government approach to public management and determines its relevance to national security in the United States.
Topics: National security|zUnited States., Whole-of-government, national security, homeland defense
The new requirements being thrust on the Coast Guard since the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and Pentagon are both extensive and asset intensive. The threats to our nations maritime are vast and require constant monitoring to deter, defend or respond to a possible future attack. Numerous assets and intense interagency cooperation will be necessary in responding to the challenges which lay ahead. Coordinating a strong and continuous defensive posture will require a sound command...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Vinciguerra, Aldante, NAVAL WAR COLL NEWPORT RI, *MILITARY OPERATIONS, *COAST GUARD,...
Defining strategic roles is critical to the Department of Defense (DoD). As combat engagements conclude, defense spending reduces, and force structure rebalances occur, the DoD role in homeland security will correspondingly change. This paper analyzes the DoD role in homeland security of the past, present, and future. Roles are examined through salient policy and strategy benchmarks that predate the modern Homeland Security lexicon. Dominant components in elements of national power since World...
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY WAR COLLEGE CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *HOMELAND SECURITY, DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE,...
This report discusses issues critical to developing and coordinating a national strategy to better prepare our nation against terrorist events. Although we can never be 100 percent secure from terrorist attack, nor 100 percent prepared to respond to any contingency, we can be better prepared and more secure. Federal, state, and local governments have a shared responsibility in preparing for catastrophic terrorist attacks, but the initial responsibility falls upon local governments and their...
Topics: DTIC Archive, GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC, *NATIONAL SECURITY, *OPERATIONAL READINESS,...
According to current doctrine, the Coast Guard is the lead agency for maritime Homeland Security and Department of Defense is the lead agency for maritime Homeland Defense. Due to the nature of the maritime problem, existing command and control systems and capabilities, and greatest jurisdiction over responding units and phases of terrorist activity, Coast Guard is best suited to be the lead agency for all maritime terrorism, security and defense.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Vest, Troy, NAVAL WAR COLL NEWPORT RI JOINT MILITARY OPERATIONS DEPT, *COAST GUARD,...
This issue of the Military Review contains the following articles: Insights for a Power-Projection Army; Closing with the Enemy: The Core Competency of an Army; Leader Development in a Transforming Army; History of Transformation; Correcting the Force Structure Mismatch; Reserve Components Commanders and Training; Training Support XXI; ROTC Developments and Prospects; Army Pre-positioned Stocks; Transnational Contagion and Global Security; Combat Stress Control Detachment: A Commander's Tool;...
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS, *MILITARY COMMANDERS,...
In addition to its primary mission of warfighting, the Department of Defense (DoD) plays an important role in civil support. Four years after the poorly coordinated national response to Hurricane Katrina, issues remain about DoD's progress in identifying its capability requirements for supporting a coordinated civilian-military response to a catastrophic domestic event. This report addresses the extent to which DoD has done the following: (1) identified and addressed its capability gaps for its...
Topics: DTIC Archive, GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE WASHINGTON DC, *INTERAGENCY COORDINATION, *UNITED...
The failure of public safety disciplines to prevent the September 11, 2001 attack gave homeland security its chance to emerge as a competing paradigm for organizing the nation's security. But the other disciplines that contribute to the homeland security enterprise have not simply waited for this new discipline to emerge. They responded to the twenty-first century's national security threats by getting better at what they do. They may be eliminating the need for homeland security as a distinct...
Topics: DTIC Archive, NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA CENTER FOR HOMELAND DEFENSE AND SECURITY,...
Homeland security is the number one priority in the draft National Military Strategy released in September 2002. The US Army Chemical Corps has, in its recent history, focused on supporting the Army's overseas force projection mission. All equipment, doctrine and training is developed and fielded for this mission. With the advent of terrorism in the United States, there have been on-going discussions on refocusing the mission to include the homeland security mission. Technology and regulations...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Walk, Robert D, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *CHEMICAL WARFARE, *ARMY...
Joint staff officers and force commanders involved in joint homeland security operations inside the United States will need a thorough understanding of the National Guard. They may have mobilized Guard units operating under their command and control. They need to coordinate with a parallel Guard operation conducted under the authority of a Governor. They may even provide forces to support a state Guard already engaged in an operation. In Department or Defense (DoD) terminology, homeland...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Preiss, Robert A, NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIV WASHINGTON DC CENTER FOR COUNTERPROLIFERATION...
To prepare for potential attacks in the United States involving weapons of mass destruction (WMD), Congress approved the development of National Guard Civil Support Teams (CST) tasked to identify chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, or high-yield explosive weapons; assess consequences; advise civil authorities on response measures; and assist with requests for additional support. Thus far, 36 of the 55 approved teams have been fully certified to conduct their mission. The National Guard...
Topics: DTIC Archive, D'Agostino, Davi M, GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE WASHINGTON DC, *NATIONAL GUARD,...
The National Strategy for Homeland Security, The National Military Strategic Plan for the War of Terrorism, the Strategy for Homeland Defense and Civil Support, numerous CONPLANS and DOD instructions, all reference the use of Title 10 forces INCONUS. However current law creates many obstacles to ensuring our active forces are fully prepared. During a crisis, the President and Secretary of Defense could authorize use of Title 10 forces. However, this just in time approach does not allow for the...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Campbell, James S, NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIV NORFOLK VA JOINT ADVANCED WARFIGHTING...
The United States must revise its homeland defense strategy for the Southwest border. The nation's security strategy and defense doctrine now recognize a broader range of threats that go beyond national security. However, the strategy and doctrine are confusing. They contain inconsistent threat identification and a corresponding inconsistency of roles and responsibilities against those threats. Both strategy and doctrine are insufficient with respect to the land domain. Worst of all, the...
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS, *MILITARY FORCES(UNITED...
This scoring record documents the efforts of US Army Engineering Research and Development Center (ERDC) to detect and discriminate unexploded ordnance (UXO) utilizing the APG Standardized UXO Technology Demonstration Site blind grid, open field and active sites. The EM63 is a commercially available sensor. It is a high power, high sensitivity, wide bandwidth full-time domain UXO detector. The EM63 consists of a powerful transmitter that generates a pulsed primary magnetic field which induces...
Topics: DTIC Archive, ABERDEEN TEST CENTER MD HOMELAND DEFENSE AND SUSTAINMENT DIV, *TARGET DETECTION,...
In this monograph, H Steven Blum and Kerry McIntyre argue that the problem of achieving unity of effort in homeland response is not one of poor planning or inadequate resources, but rather more fundamental. It involves the way in which thousands of participants from dissimilar professional cultures think about their roles and responsibilities for homeland response. To address this problem, Blum and McIntyre propose a broadly construed national doctrine, developed in a dynamic and responsive...
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY WAR COLL STRATEGIC STUDIES INST CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *HOMELAND DEFENSE,...
The tragic events of September 11, 2001(911), and the devastating effects that those cowardly acts of terrorism had on our nation and the world, have forced us to review and reevaluate our country's counterterrorism policy. The terrorist attacks of 911, conducted by a few dedicated terrorists, willing to die for their beliefs, and having little regard for enormous losses of innocent lives, causes us to reevaluate our counterterrorism policy and it's ability to prevent future acts of terrorism....
Topics: DTIC Archive, Westphal, Stephen D, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *COUNTERTERRORISM,...
The need for a well thought out, planned, and rehearsed command and control organization to conduct special operations in the US Northern Command Area of Responsibility is vital to success in defending the Homeland. Currently, USNORTHCOM does not have an apportioned or assigned command and control structure for the conduct of special operations. This thesis analyzes three courses of action to fulfill this requirement: use the current USNORTHCOM battle staff command structure including the...
Topics: Special forces (Military science), United States, National security, Special Operations Forces...
Mass shootings in the United States tend to be succeeded by a period of great public attention to gun control laws. Often of particular concern is the National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS), which is promulgated by law to prevent statutorily defined individuals, including the dangerously mentally ill, from obtaining firearms. This thesis analyzed the NICS, particularly its ability or inability to prevent firearm access to the mentally ill. The examination looked at three...
Topics: DTIC Archive, NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA CENTER FOR HOMELAND DEFENSE AND SECURITY,...
The Army National Guard Special Forces has a unique position that allows state governors to call upon the group to support domestic operations and provide additional forces for the United States Army Special Forces Command when needed. The necessity to coordinate the emerging domestic operations being undertaken or discussed by the Army National Guard Special Forces has been identified as a shortcoming by senior leaders of the Army National Guard and their Special Operations advisors, but...
Topics: DTIC Archive, NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA, *NATIONAL GUARD, *SPECIAL FORCES, BORDER...
This Guidance provides strategic direction to ensure unity of effort within and between North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) and United States Northern Command (USNORTHCOM). It applies to the NORAD and USNORTHCOM headquarters staffs, the NORAD regional commands and the USNORTHCOM subordinate commands and service components. NORAD and USNORTHCOM Strategic Guidance sets forth the strategic goals and objectives we need to accomplish in order to execute our missions. These goals and...
Topics: DTIC Archive, NORTH AMERICAN AIR DEFENSE COMMAND PETERSON AFB CO, *GUIDANCE, *HOMELAND DEFENSE,...
This is an accompanying project to the Autonomous Ship Detection project (ONR# N00014-02-1-0267). The Autonomous Ship Detection statement of work was modified due to the events of September-11-2001. The U.S. Coast Guard requested and received from the Office of Naval Research the approval to change the focus to the use of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUV) for Port Security Operations. This decision was approved in mid March 2002 and work commenced in the beginning of April 2002. ONR has...
Topics: DTIC Archive, COAST GUARD RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER GROTON CT, *AUTONOMOUS NAVIGATION,...
This is an accompanying project to the Autonomous Ship Detection project (ONR# N00014-02-1- 0267). The Autonomous Ship Detection statement of work was modified due to the events of September-11-2001. The U.S. Coast Guard requested and received from the Office of Naval Research the approval to change the focus to the use of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUV) for Port Security operations. This decision was approved in mid March-2002 and work commenced in the beginning of April- 2002. The Coast...
Topics: DTIC Archive, COAST GUARD RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER GROTON CT, *UNDERWATER VEHICLES,...
This paper discusses and analyzes the use of biometrics within refugee communities of sub-Saharan Africa. The paper also examines the potential benefits of biometrics use within these communities, beyond the civil purposes of voter registration and food security. It also considers the issue of rebel and militia group recruitment within the refugee communities and the benefit biometrics could present in terms of proactive engagement in improving homeland defense and regional security.
Topics: DTIC Archive, INSTITUTE FOR DEFENSE ANALYSES ALEXANDRIA VA, *BIOMETRY, *CIVIL AFFAIRS, *REFUGEES,...
The Air Force faces many challenges in meeting its national security mission within the resources currently envisioned. Doing so will not be easy or without risk, nor will it permit the application of traditional methods of allocating missions, equipment, and resources among the Air Force s three components. After conducting 19 days of hearings involving 154 witnesses and oral public comments, and listening to currently serving Airmen of almost all ranks from the three components at 13...
Topics: DTIC Archive, NATIONAL COMMISSION ON THE STRUCTURE OF THE AIR FORCE ARLINGTON VA, *ACTIVE DUTY,...
This thesis presents an unconventional approach to addressing a threat to homeland security by focusing on complacency through the lens of human factors and complexity. This approach requires a paradigm shift. In addition to focusing on external threats from enemies who wish to do this nation harm, and building capabilities to prepare for disasters, it is also necessary to look internally to the behaviors, attitudes, and states of mind of people within homeland security organizations to...
Topics: DTIC Archive, NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA CENTER FOR HOMELAND DEFENSE AND SECURITY,...
The state of fire service substance-testing policy nationwide, and what it should be, is the subject of this project. This thesis analyzed 12 substance-testing policies from fire departments across the country. The project looked at the language fire departments were using to convey the intent, process, and consequences of their policy. Common themes emerged as each policy was examined. However, upon closer examination, more inconsistency was found than uniformity. Differences ranged from...
Topics: DTIC Archive, NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA CENTER FOR HOMELAND DEFENSE AND SECURITY, *DRUG...
This thesis examines U.S.-Canadian border threats and defenses and compares the U.S.-Canadian situation with the European Schengen Convention (SC). The Department of Homeland Security coordinates U.S. security with representatives from law enforcement, military and civilian entities. Public Safety Canada coordinates defense in Canada. Prior to the 9/11 attack, the U.S.-Canadian relationship was similar to the SC, focusing on securing external borders while opening shared borders. Some experts,...
Topics: DTIC Archive, NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA CENTER FOR HOMELAND DEFENSE AND SECURITY,...
Topics: DTIC Archive, NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIV FORT MCNAIR DC, *HOMELAND DEFENSE, *JOINT MILITARY ACTIVITIES,...
Throughout history, small nation-states have generally organized their militaries and based their homeland-defense strategies on at least one of four conventional models. They have from time to time chosen to imitate large states militaries, have joined alliances, assumed neutrality, obtained weapons of mass destruction in more modern times, or implemented some combination of these. A deeper analysis of history, however, unearths other possibilities for defensive postures. The use of irregular...
Topics: DTIC Archive, NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA, *HOMELAND DEFENSE, *MILITARY PERSONNEL,...
Since the attacks of September 11th, 2001 involving commercial aircraft used as missiles to attack critical assets located within the United States, the U.S. has worked diligently to enhance its military air defense posture. Air defense of critical U.S. assets and National Special Security Events (NSSE) have been enhanced by adding static and proposed deployable Ground Based Air Defense (GBAD) systems designed to provide a last line of defense from air attacks over U.S. soil. As the U.S....
Topics: DTIC Archive, Dowling, William M, NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA, *AIR DEFENSE,...
