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WEEKLY  REVIEW 


The  Result  of  the  Election  ^u>uld  Mean  Better  Business — 
Be  on  Your  Guard  Against  the  Rumor  Factory — 
Evidences  of  the  Strength  of  Market. 

The  most  important  market  happening  of  the  week  is  per¬ 
fectly  well  known  to  every  man,  woman  and  child  in 'the  country 
and  needs  not  be  called  to  attention  here.  The  Democrats  were 
railed  at  for  inefficiency,  reckless  extravagance  and  waste,  and 
the  Republicans  were  held  up  as  the  antithesis  of  all  these  crimes. 
The  public  has  accepted  this  version,  and  has  turned  the  “whole 
works”  over  to  the  Republicans  to  a  greater  extent  than  ever 
before  known,  which  gives  them  a  free  hand  for  the  improvement 
they  promised,  and  the  business  world  has  a  right  to  look  to 
them  for  it.  Certainly  they  can  offer  no  alibi  for  failure  to  de¬ 
liver,  for  they  have  everything  their  own  way. 

We  expect  they  will  deliver,  not  at  once,  because  it  will 
take  time  to  put  in  motion  such  an  immense  force,  but  the  im¬ 
provements  should  begin  to  show  at  an  early  date,  with  a  thor¬ 
oughly  united  country,  all  bent  upon  the  one  object,  America 
will  not  be  herself  if  she  fails  to  make  good  That  should  be  con¬ 
sidered  as  cheerful  market  news.  , 

As  for  this  canning  industry,  as  we  point  out  in  our  Edi¬ 
torial  this  week,  we  can  see  nothing  but  the  strongest  kind  of  in¬ 
dications  for  the  future.  The  market  is  dead  at  present,  and  Ayill 
undoubtedly  remain  so  until  after  the  turn  of  the  year,  because  no 
considerable  relief  in  financial  circles  can  be  looked  for  between 
that  time  and  the  present,  and  moreover  we  .are  approaching 
the  holiday  season  when  canned  foods  always  are  .forced  into  a 
back  seat.  These  two  conditions  are  always  sufficient  ' to  keep 
canned  foods  quiet  at  this  season,  and  they  will  do  so  this  year. 
But  once  we  turn  into  the  new  year,  with  the  .  retailors’  and 
wholesalers’  floors  and  shelves  practically  empty — to  an  even 
greater  extent  than  ever  before — and  the  holdings  in  canners’ 
hands,  by  no  means  excessive,  if  actually  sufficient  to  meet 
a  normal  demand,  what  is  to  stop  a  big  and  active  demand  for 
canned  foods?  The  market  prices  will  have  moved  down  in 
the  retailers’  hands,  by  that  time,  to  proper  figures  at  which  the 
public  is  always  willing  and  anxous  to  use  canned  foods. 

Last  week  we  commented  upon  Mr.  W.  B,  Timms'  advice  to 
the  retail  grocers  of  the  country  to  reprice  their  goods  upon 
the  basis  of  replacement  values,  as  the  only  way  in  which  to 
start  the  free  movement  of  the  goods,  and  writing  us  this  week 
be  further  explain.^  this,  saying: 

WARMINGTON,  TIMMS  &  CO. 

Merchandise  Brokers 

New  York  City,  Nov.  3,vl920  *  ' 

M*"  A.  I,  Judge,  Editor,^ 

The  Canning  Trade.  .  . ,  •  • 

Dear  Mr.  Judge:  Thank  you  very  much  for  yoiv  comr  ' 
ments  on  what  I  said  at  the  Wilmington  meeting  in  ybpf  .* 
JssHie  of  the  first  of  November,  xi.  i'. 


Your  interpretation  of  my  statement  regarding  the 
effect  of  the  Presidential  election  on  the  canned  foods 
business  is  correct.  I  understand,  of  course,  that  all  busi¬ 
ness  is  affected  more  or  less  by  political  conditions,  and, 
now  that  we  are  assured  of  a  new  administration  and  new 
policies,  financial,  manufacturing  and  mercantile  interests 
will  look  forward  to  different,  and,  as  a  rule,  improved 
conditions. 

As  to  its  direct  effect  on  the  price  of  any  variety  of 
canned  goods,  can  only  repeat  what  I  meant  to  say  at 
Wilmington,  that  I  do  not  believe  that  the  election  will 
have  any  immediate  or  direct  effect,  and  want  to  reiterate 
what  I  have  been  trying  to  emphasize  wherever  the  op¬ 
portunity  has  offered  during  the  past  few  weeks,  that  until 
the  retailer,  large  and  small,  makes  prices  to  the  con¬ 
sumer  that  will  interest  them  in  canned  foods,  there  can 
be  no  material  relief  to  packer  or  jobber.  In  other  words, 
canned  foods  must  be  consumed  before  market  conditions 
can  materially  improve. 

This  seems  to  be  the  general  opinion  in  banking  and 
mercantile  circles  in  all  classes  of  staple  necessities,  as 
well  as  foods. 

Sincerely  yours, 

W.  B.  TIMMS. 

WBT:W 

The  market  was  somewhat  disturbed  by  the  report  that 
France  was  returning  an  immense  amount  of  canned  foods, 
shipped  there  during  the  war,  and  that  they  would  be  offered 
upon  this  market  at  low  prices.  In  view  ot  our  efforts  to  in¬ 
crease  the  export  of  canned  foods  this  is  a  very  sad  commentary, 
if  true;  because  if  we  are  to  hope  for  such  a  trade  it  would  seem 
France  and  other  foreign  countries  would  willingly  and  gladly 
keep  the  goods,  then  on  hand,  and  which  could  be  bought,  un- 
doubtely.  at  better  prices  than  new  goods  shipped  at  this  time. 
But  Mr.  W.  D.  Breaker,  of  U.  H.  Dudley  &  Co.,  New  York  city,  is 
authority  for  the  statement  that  he  has  investigated  the  matter 
and  finds,  from  the  French  Commercial  Attache,  that  there  will 
be  no  canned  foods  offered  in  this  country.  Here  is  another 
rumor  ngjled  for  all  time,  and  we  warn  our  readers  that  the 
rumor  factory  is  working  overtime  and  its  product  may  be 
taken  with  just  as  much  confidence  as  this  disproved  specimen. 
There  are  factors  in  canned-  foods  who  seem  to  devote  their 
entire  time  to  trying  to  tear  down  the  market;  never  satisfied 
how  low  prices  go,  but  that  they  must  try  to  get  them  lower. 
In  prlain  terms,  take  an  irresponsible  broker  and  what  does 
he  care  about  the  price  the  canner  receives,  what  difference  is 
ii  to  him  whether  the  prices  ruling  are  far  below  costs  or  not? 
He  makes  his  commission  on  the  sales — if  he  can  induce  sales — 
regardless  of  costs,  and. so  he  will  do  anything  to  induce  sales. 
President  Daily  calls  attention  this  week  to  one  of  the  ways  em- 
'  ployed,  and  he  condems  it,  as  do  all  reputable  brokers,  in  very 
‘  strong  terms.  But  it  is  such  rumors  that  are  hurting  the  market 
'  t^ay,  find  the  canner§  should  know  tfii$  and  be  on  their  guarejt 


TrHBTTTKNmWirTltXDB. 


As  Brokers  View  the  Market 

Baltimore,  Md.,  November  6,  1920. 

Are  canned  tomatoes  about  to  reverse  their  position  in  the 
market?  The  indications  this  week  are  not  In  the  negative.  What 
goes  up  must  come  down,  and  the  converse  to  that  axiom  is  equally 
true  when  applied  to  trafi9cing  in  staple  commodities  of  any  kind, 
especially  considering  foods  for  human  consumption.  One  does 
not  have  to  possess  a  long  memory  for  happenings  in  the  tomato 
market,  for  instance,  to  dispute  the  correctness  of  that  asserticm. 
It  has  been  one  long,  long  trail  of  declining  prices  for  that  article, 
without  a  single  solitary  rally  at  any  stage  of  the  downward  move¬ 
ment,  until  today  a  dollar’s  worth  of  them  will  fetdi  only  about 
seventy  cents  in  liquid  cash  in  the  open  market.  They  still  are  a 
staple  article  in  any  man’s  business,  jobber  or  retailer;  they  have 
not  gone  or  going  out  of  fashion,  and  all  that  were  canned  in  1920 
will  be  needed  before  next  packing  seascax  rt^s  around.  If  one 
may  judge  by  the  character  of  the  buying  during  this  week,  and 
by  the  way  the  goods  are  being  scattered  to  markets  widely  sep¬ 
arated,  the  basis  of  a  feeling  that  the  wwst  has  been  reached  and 
passed  is  well  grounded.  It  used  to  be  the  case  some  years  ago 
that  three  or  four  of  the  big  cities  of  this  country,  by  their  heavy 
buying,  or  not  buying,  could  and  did  make  or  break  the  market,  but 
such  is  no  longer  a  fact.  Other  big  markets  for  tomatoes  have 
been  developed  in  recent  years  with  the  growth  of  their  local 
p(H)ulation,  and  in  normal  times  many  of  the  so-called  interior 
jobbers  purchased  10,000  cases  to  25,000  cases  of  them  at  one  time 
and  repeat  their  order  before  the  following  spring.  To  paraphrase 
an  old  Scotch  saying,  “many  a  little  bit  makes  much,”  and  one 
must  hand  it  to  the  Scotch  for  being  far-sighted  merchants.  Buy 
tomatoes  at  today’s  prices  and  rest  content,  if  you  can  spare  the 
money. 

Tlie  canning  season  for  spinach  is  rapidly  drawing  to  a  close 
in  Baltimore,  next  week  will  see  the  finish.  For  obvious  reasons 
the  canners  felt  discouraged  about  stocking  up  for  the  winter  and 
spring  trade,  and,  unless  the  consumption  of  it  st(^8,  there  is  likely 
to  be  some  improvement  in  prices  by-and-by.  There  is  as  fine  qual¬ 
ity  spinach  obtainable  in  Baltimore  as  can  be  made  for  particular 
buyers,  and  there  is  some  that  was  packed  for  sale  at  a  price.  We 
have  both  kinds,  the  better  quality  for  your  private  labels  if  you 
like,  and  under  factory  labels. 

Stringless  beans  are  all  in  and  done  for  this  season,  with  the 
October  pack  the  lightest  in  a  long  time.  The  Baltimore  canners 
have  not  stocked  them  to  anywhere  near  the  usual  expenses  in 
normal  times,  and  the  final  outcome  is  not  problematical  as  to 
market  prices  unless  the  consumers  substitute  for  them  some  other 
article  of  green  food.  At  present  they  are  not  active. 

We  have  rather  a  ragged  market  on  corn,  so  far  as  the  prices 
are  concerned.  The  quotations  range  all  the  way  from  82%c  to 
$1.00  dozen  for  the  same  quality  of  Maine  style  pack,  according 
to  the  ability  of  the  owners  to  carry  it.  After  Inventory  time 
with  the  jobbers  is  over  and  out  of  the  way  the  situation  is  ex¬ 
pected  to  right  itself.  But  why  wait  until  then  if  you  are  in 
position  to  buy  now?  Tliere  was  an  improvement  in  demand 
this  week  as  compared  with  the  previous  week. 

There  was  light  buying  this  week  of  the  other  lines  of  vege¬ 
tables.  The  orders  were  for  small  quantities  to  fill  out  assorted 
carload  shipments  or  to  fill  up  gaps  in  broken  stocks.  Sweet  pota  • 
toes  showed  a  little  more  life  than  any  of  the  other  articles,  but 
cprlot  orders  for  them  were  scarce. 

Canned  fruits  continue  dull,  with  no  developments  of  interest. 
What  few  orders  there  were  received  this  week  would  not  fill 
more  than  one  or  two  cars  altogether.  Fortunately,  the  stocks  of 
them  are  so  light  that  they  will  not  bother  the  canners  to  carry 
them  until  wanted. 

Cove  oysters  show  more  life  and  the  buying  of  them,  at  the 
present  attractive  prices,  increased  largely  over  last  week. 

THOMAS  J.  MEEHAN  &  CO. 


RADIUM— A  NEW  ELEMENT  IN  THE  SAFETY  MOVEMENT 

Radium,  the  most  mysterious  and  most  powerful  element 
known  to  science,  which  has  the  greatest  power  of  all  discovered 
oaorces  of  energy,  has  now  been  linked  with  the  safety  movement 
and  will  lend  its  power  to  the  prevention  of  avoidable  accidents. 
So  great  is  its  power  that  one  gram  is  sufficient  to  raise  a  tcm 
of  water  from  the  freezing  to  tie  boiling  point.  If  one  ton  of 
It  were  harnessed  to  a  ship  equipped  with  1600  H.  P.  engines,  the 
ship  would  be  propelled  at  the  rate  of  15  knots  an  hour  for  thirty 
years. 

Radium  is  best  known  to  the  world  through  its  curative  prop¬ 
erties  in  the  treatment  of  cancer  and  through  its  commercial  value 
in  making  radium  luminous  material.  The  power  of  radiu  was 
made  known  only  a  few  years  ago  through  the  efforts  of  a  Polish 
woan  scientist,  and  a  French  and  an  American  professor.  Radium 
now  treats  thousands  of  cases  of  cancer  annually,  preventing 
death  and  eliminating  a  great  deal  of  suffering.  t 

Radium’s  role  in  industry  as  a  life  saver  is  less  spectacular, 
but  perhaps  even  more  important  than  it  is  as  a  thereapeutic 
agent.  The  great  mass  of  accidents  in  factories,  in  mines  and  in 
other  industrial  institutions  where  darkness  is  a  creator  of 
danger,  are  being  eliminated  through  the  newest  invention  of 
science — radium  luminous  material.  Radium  illuminated  watches 
are  familiar  articles.  The  same  material  that  illuminates  these 
Is  now  being  employed  in  great  factories  on  all  power  line  switches 
where  fumbling  might  mean  electrocution  to  the  operator. 

High  pressure  gauges,  which  are  installed  as  an  insurance 
against  dangers  are  deprived  of  a  great  deal  of  their  safety  value 
through  inconstant  lifting.  Hielr  dependability  as  indicators 
is  increased  tremendously  through  making  them  safe  24  hours 
a  day  by  the  application  of  radium  luminous  material,  which  is 
invariably  luminous  in  the  dark.  Steam  gauges  and  water  gauges 
of  all  sorts  are  making  use  of  radium  to  increase  safety. 

Electric  switches  are  often  set  in  places  which  are  unlit  This 
indndes  electric  lighting  equipment  whirii  is  usually  visible  only 
after  the  light  it  controls  has  been  turned  on.  A  spot  of  radium 
luminous  material  on  the  bottom  or  switch  makes  them  easily 
located  in  the  dark,  so  that  in  emergency  they  maye  quickly  be 
made  use  of. 

Likewise,  a  fire  alarm  or  a  fire  extinguisher  is  deprived  of  a 
good  deal  of  Its  efficiency  through  being  invisible  in  the  dark. 
Radium  luminous  material  acts  as  a  quick  locater  for  them.  Tele¬ 
phones  which  are  often  necessarily  found  quickly  in  the  dark  in 
emergencies,  various  emergency  call  bells,  and  revolvers  are  made 
more  useful  through  the  application  of  undark.  Gun  sights,  illumi¬ 
nated,  insure  accuracy  of  aim  in  the  dark.  The  need  of  laminating 
poison  bottles,  so  that  they  may  stand  out  warnlngly  in  the  dark 
has  been  demonstrated  too  often  to  need  further  dwelling  on.  An 
interesting  safety  device  is  the  safe  combination,  whose  dial  is 
radium  laminated,  so  that  no  artificial  light  need  be  used  for  it 

The  industrial  uses  of  radium  luminous  material  are  many. 
Bolts  that  are  necessarily  attached  to  the  dark  under  portions  of 
machines  and  equipped  are  being  touched  with  dabs  of  this 
luminous  material  with  a  consequent  great  saving  of  bloodshed. 
In  mines  where  the  carrying  of  oil  lamps  or  the  placing  of  electric 
lighting  equipment  is  not  feasible,  radium  has  been  found  to  be  a 
boon  to  humanity.  There  are  dark  comers  In  the  dark  under¬ 
ground  channels  which  miners  must  traverse,  comers!  where 
danger  lurks — these  are  made  safe  through  the  unvarying  lumi¬ 
nosity  of  radium. 

The  value  of  radium  to  mariners  is  commencing  to  be  recog¬ 
nized.  Not  only  the  compass  dials,  but  the  steering  wheels,  the 
gauges  and  other  instraments  which  should  be  instantly  and  unin¬ 
terruptedly  visible  have  been  touched  with  radium.  Motorists, 
motorcyclists  and  the  operators  of  any  machinery  which  has  in¬ 
dicating  dials  or  gauges  which  tell  of  the  speed  of  the  motor  or 
the  quantity  and  mixture  of  fuels  and  oils,  are  finding  the  solution 
of  their  difficulties  in  radium  luminous  material.  The  hazard  of 
uncertainty  has  been  reduced. 


i- 


THE  CANNING  TRADE. 


FIG.  2  SHOWS  OPENING  BE¬ 
TWEEN  BUCKETS  “X"  AND 
“Z"  COVERED  BY  ROTARY^ 
APRON  “D"  SO  PEAS  WILL 
NOT  BE  SPttliX). 


^'•iv«5^S;sT 


FIG.  3  SHOWS  POCKET  •V* 
EMPTYING  INTO  BUCKET  “Z^ 


THERE  IS  NO  CHANCE  FOR  PEAS 
TO  SPILL  FOR  APRON  COVERSv 
THE  BUCKETS  ON  ENDS  AS  WELL 
AS  SIDES 


THIS  SPACE  NEVER  LESS 
THAN  V  SO  PEAS  WILL 
NOT  CUT  OR  CRUSH  / 


The  Hansen  Sanitary  Conveyor  Boot 

“A  DWARF  IN  SIZE  BUT  A  GIANT  FOR  WORK” 

Ned  E.  Fletcher,  Secretary  of  the  Hustisford  Canning  Co.,  Hustisford,  Wis.,  Says: 

“We  are  mighty  glad  that  we  threw  out  our  old  elevator  boots  and  installed  HANSEN  BOOTS  in  their  place 
for  it  has  cut  our  pea  wtwte  down  to  almost  zero.  As  to  sanitation,  the  easy  accessibility  of  its  parts  made  it  possible 
for  us  to  keep  them  thoroughly  clean  at  all  times.” 

Hundreds  off  Others  are  Equally  Enthusiastic 

You  will  be  doing  yourself  an  injustice  if  you  do  not  investigate  the  merits  of  this  machine  by  sending  for  catalc^  today 

THE  WISCONSIN  CHAIR  COMPANY 

CUIIM  HUaiKin  NVISIWI  PORT  WASHIHQTON,  WIS. 


8 


THE  dAMKlKO  TEADfi. 


- - - - 

NEW  YORK  MARKET 
- : - - - 

Buyers  Not  In  the  Market  This  Week— Only  Small  Amounts 
for  Immediate  Needs  Being  Taken — ^Tomatoes  Show  Fur¬ 
ther  Weakness— Some  Offerings  Continue  to  Be  Made 

— Com  Should  Be  in  Good  Demand  at  Presmit 
Prices — A  Word  About  Each  Article- 
Picked  Up  in  This  Market 

Reported  bv  Telegraph. 

New  York,  November  5,  1920. 

The  Situation — With  the  week  broken  by  the  election  holi¬ 
day  the  market  has  not  been  quite  as  brisk  as  it  was  the  week 
before,  and  that  means  rather  dull.  No  buyer,  so  far  as  reported, 
came  into  the  market  for  large  lots,  and  no  buyer  showed  interesr 
beyond  obtaining  the  comparatively  small  lots  wanted  for  Imme¬ 
diate  use.  Buying  for  the  future  seems  to  be  no  more  and  con¬ 
ditions  hardly  seem  to  warrant  the  expectatitm  that  mucn  Im¬ 
provement  can  be  expected  in  the  near  future.  Where  buyers  do 
take  hold  they  take  very  little  stock.  With  the  approach  of  winter 
canners  are  becoming  somewhat  alarmed.  This  is  especially  true 
of  canners  who  have  insufficient  or  improper  storage  facilities  for 
holding  tomatoes  until  a  market  develops.  In  former  years  coun¬ 
try  canners  have  been  able  to  ship  their  tomatoes  to  heated  ware¬ 
houses  in  the  large  centers,  but  the  situation  this  year  is  not  so 
simple  and  canners  fear  serious  damage  through  freezing.  Prob¬ 
ably  in  some  degree  this  same  condition  holds  goods  of  all  articles. 
The  differences  l)eing  in  the  quantity  which  needs  storage  rather 
than  anything  else.  Buyers  are  not  operating  and  until  they  do 
the  market  will  present  nothing  more  than  it  does  now.  Circum¬ 
stances  do  not  seem  to  favor  holders  and  the  tendency  Is  down¬ 
ward  rather  than  upward.  While  no  additional  weakness  of  im¬ 
portance  has  developed  during  the  week,  the  fact  that  no  strength 
has  develoi)ed  is  at  least  a  negative  indication  that  the  market  is 
not  improvng.  Sellers  have  ceased  to  seek  buyers.  They  consder 
the  influence  of  such  action  is  too  dangerous  and  is  more  than 
likely  to  result  in  a  weaker  market.  It  is  certain  that  holders 
would  welcome  some  improvement,  no  matter  how  slight,  which 
might  indicate  that  better  times  are  coming. 

Tomatoes — The  week  has  shown  increased  weakness  in 
the  market  for  Southern  tomatoes.  Prices  have  been  quoted  still 
lower  and  one  doesn’t  like  to  estimate  what  price  might  be  ob¬ 
tained  if  a  buyer  with  cash  sought  supplies.  Standard  No.  2s  are 
still  held  at  70c,  but  it  seemed  certain  that  some  reduction  might 
be  obtained  by  a  buyer  with  money  who  made  a  firm  offer.  Some 
holders  are  clearly  anxious  to  sell  and  rather  than  run  the  risk  of 
losing  more  they  would  let  their  stock  go  under  the  present  market. 
No.  3  standards  were  quoted  at  $1.05al.l0,  but  even  this  figure 
could  be  shaded,  it  was  said,  by  a  purchaser  who  had  money.  No. 
10s  are  quoted  at  f4.00  f.  o.  b.  Baltimore,  but  the  factory  price 
was  given  as  $3.75.  Standard  No.  Is  are  held  at  55a57^c  f.  o.  b. 
cannery.  Extra  standard  No.  Ss  are  held  at  $1.20  Baltimore  and 
$1.15  cannery.  So  far  as  the  spot  market  is  concerned  the  quan¬ 
tity  sold  this  week  was  too  small  to  make  much  difference  in  the 
situation  and  few  showed  any  inclinatimi  to  even  make  inquiries. 
Holders  are  still  offering  at  reduced  prices,  individual  sales  count¬ 
ing  for  themselves  alone,  and  exerting  no  influence  whatever  upon 
the  next  sale.  Canners  are  unable  to  dispose  of  their  holdings  and 
some  are  not  in  position  to  store  them  through  the  cold  weather. 
It  looks  like  a  rather  serious  situation  for  some  before  the  matter 
is  straightened  out. 

Corn — Buying  is  merely  routine.  Prices  have  reached 
the  point  in  declines  where  more  attention  Is  given  to  Southern 
and  Western  packs.  Maine  style  standards  have  been  quoted  as 
low  as  85c  factory,  with  extra  standards  at  95c.  It  would  appear 
as  though  these  prices  ought  to  create  a  healthy  consuming  de¬ 
ment  seems  to  better,  as  yet  it  has  been  insufficient  to  remove 
ment  seems  to  be  better  as  yet.  It  has  been  insufficient  to  remove 
the  undertone  of  weakness  which  has  characterized  the  market 
for  weeks.  In  other  varieties  no  change  Is  reported  and  It  is  only 
the  low  figures  named  for  these  two  padrs  that  is  attracting  buy¬ 
ers  ;  and  even  though  these  prices  are  the  lowest  this  season,  buy¬ 
ers  are  looking  for  still  further  reductions  and  refuse  to  buy  free¬ 
ly  because  they  appear  to  think  that  quotations;  are  likely  to  de¬ 
cline  still  more. 

Peas — The  situation  has  shown  a  shade  of  improvement, 
and  most  varieties  have  been  held  at  firm  prices  all  the  wedr.  No 
one  variety  appears  to  be  more  wanted  than  any  other,  all  seem  to 
share  to  some  extent  in  the  improvement  and  are  selling  fairly  well 
in  small  lots.  Holders  are  asking  full  outside  prices  and  are  refus¬ 
ing  to  make  any  change  in  their  prices  or  to  accept  reductions  on 


lots  either  small 'or  large.  ^ 

Spinach — A  quiet  market  for  Southern  pack  is  reported, 
with  No.  3  new  pack  held  unchanged  at  $1.50al.60  on  spot.  Buy¬ 
ers  are  not  taking  hold  freely,  but  there 'is  ^some  interest  shown  in 
small  lots.  -  ' 

Pumpkin — Southern  pack  has  been  a  shade  more  active, 
and  sales  have  improved  to  some  extent  during  the  week.  But 
like  everything  else  the  buyer  is  looking  only  for  small  lots  and 
prices  are  made  for  each  individual  transaction. 

Sweet  Potatoes  —  Holders  are  urging  sales  somewhat, 
though  it  cannot  be  learned  that  they  are  cutting  prices  to  stimu¬ 
late  movement.  Perhaps  it  would  make  no  difference  if  they  did. 
The  market  as  a  whole  seems  to  be  fair,  but  the  general  disposition 
to  buy  in  small  lots  only  is  manifest  here  as  elsewhere. 

Fruits — ^The  market  has  been  apathetic  all  the  week,  and 
this  has  followed  other  weeks  in  which  the  same  conditions  pre¬ 
vailed.  Ix>cal  resales  of  the  new  packs  have  been  small  and  no 
further  cash  buying  has  developed,  making  the  market  flat  from 
top  to  bottom.  Old  goods  are  being  cleared  up  on  the  spot,  but  it 
is  rather  difficult  work  as  quality  is  lacking  in  most  instances  and 
the  buyer  shows  little  desire  to  take  on  the  stocks  now  available. 

Pincnpple — -The  market  is  about  steady  at  opening  prices 
on  all  grades  and  <hi  some  of  the  better  ones  as  much  as  5a7%  per 
cent  over.  Buying  at  the  moment  is  reduced  to  small  lots. 

Apples — The  market  ruled  easy  all  the  week,  with  demand 
small  and  showing  little  increase.  Early  contracts  covered  most 
anttcipated  wants  and  buyers  show  an  inclination  to  postpone  ac- 
ticHi  in  filling  their  future  requirements,  at  least  for  a  time. 

Poaches — New  pack  are  offered  in  some  quantity,  with  a 
little  attention  given  to  No.  3%s,  but  the  buying  is  so  small  that 
it  doesn’t  amount  to  much.  Holders  seem  to  be  indifferent  re¬ 
garding  the  probable  future  of  the  business,  while  buyers  show 
little  indication  of  getting  into  action.  The  situation  is  practically 
a  deadlock  at  the  moment,  with  little  indication  of  a  break.  Near¬ 
ly  all  buyers  profess  themselves  sufficiently  stocked  for  the  time, 
and  with  retail  trade  as  light  as  it  is  now  the  outlook  for  in¬ 
creased  movement  is  not  promising. 

Salmon — The  week  has  been  quiet,  the  same  as  the  previ¬ 
ous  v/eek.  Domestic  trade  channels  have  not  yet  broadened,  but 
there  has  l)een  a  little  export  inquiry  for  pinks.  This  inquiry  has 
not  yet  been  translated  into  sales  and  some?  profess  to  think  it  will 
not  be.  Bed  Alaska  continues  steady  on  the  spot,  with  sales 
mainly  in  small  blocks  out  of  stocks  held  this  market  Medium 
red  has  been  neglected,  while  pinks  have  been  offered  at  irregular 
prices  for  old  stock.  No  demand  exists  at  present  for  any  grade 
excepting  what  is  wanted  for  immediate  use,  and  obviously  that 
demand  is  light,  with  little  signs  of  improvement 

Sardines — Maine  pack  continue  easy  and  weak.  The  situ¬ 
ation  favors  the  buyers,  but  he  is  not  anxious  to  increase  his  hold¬ 
ings  and  the  mere  fact  that  market  conditions  favor  him  means 
nothing.  Sales  do  not  increase.  No  buyer  wants  to  place  orders 
ahead  and  the  export  demand  is  insufficient  to  add  tone  to  the 
situation.  'The  packing  season  is  about  over,  but  the  buyer  ex¬ 
presses  no  fear  of  a  shortage,  even  though  the  pack  has  been 
light.  He  expects  to  be  able  to  secure  all  he  wants  just  the  same 
as  though  the  pack  had  been  large.  Other  sardines  are  selling  in 
a  routine  way  only. 

'Tuna — No  special  feature  has  developed.  Buying  is  in  a 
routine  way  and  few  purchasers  show  any  important  desire  to  add 
to  their  holdings.  Sufficient  is  held  in  local  warehouses  to  satisfy 
the  present  small  requirements  of  the  market. 

PICKED  UP  IN  PASSING 

The  same  general  conditions  prevail  in  the  retail  end  of  the 
business  which  have  characterized  the  trade  for  a  long  time- 
Consumers  are  not  taking  their  usual  quantities.  Housewives 
are  confining  their  purchases  to  one  can  of  one  variety,  where 
heretofore  they  have  bought  a  number  of  cans  of  different  va¬ 
rieties.  Retailers  say  that  it  seems!  impossible  to  interest 
them  in  any  large  purchases,  even  reduced  prices  having  no 
apparent  influence  upon  them.  With  retail  ditribution  in  such 
position  it  is,  of  course,  hard  for  jobbers  to  sell  and  the 
stream  of  trade  is  dammed  at  the  retail  counter,  as  it  is  in  other 
Tnes.  Sometimes  it  is  price  that  does  it,  but  more  often  it 
seems  to  be  the  determination  of  the  housewife  not  to  buy  be¬ 
yond  actual  requirements,  and  these  she  makes  as  light  as  cir¬ 
cumstances  admit.  She  is  showing  no  inclination  to  increase 
her  purchases  and  apparently  has  learned  the  lesson  of  thrift 
rather  more  emphatically  than  sellers  of  various  food  commodi¬ 
ties  wanted  to  have  her.  It  will  require  time  to  re-educate  her 
up  to  the  former  liberal  buying. 

According  to  one  letter  from  the  Sobth  a  fair  increase  in 
,  orders  for  tomatoes  has  been  noted  during  the  past  week-  With 
toipatoes  selling  below  the  cost  of  packing,  and  with  the  output 
considerably  below  the  average,  some  buyers  are  coming  to  con¬ 
sider  them  a  good  purchaser  and  are  acting  accordingly.  But  as 
vet  the  action  of  these  few'  has  not  been  contagious  and  most 
buyers  are  still  ipdifferent. 


THE  CANNING  TRADE. 


Frank  C.  Pearce  and  Charles  Pearce,  of  Frank  C.  Pearce 
&  Co.,  Gloucester,  Mass.,  have  been  trade  visitors  this  week, 
making  headquarters  with  Warmington,  Timms  &  Co. 

The  general  slump  in  prices  has  turned  the  business  world 
of  the  country  upside  down  during  the  past  few  weeks  and 
canned  foods  are  suffering  from  the  results,  the  same  as  many 
other  commodities.  When  the  change  will  come  no  one  can 
say. 

With  the  closing  of  the  large  factory  of  the  Booth  Fisheries 
Company,  at  Eastport,  Me.,  four  of  the  large  independent  sardine 
canneries  are  idle  and  will  be  for  the  coming  seven  months.  Be¬ 
fore  the  week  is  ended  it  is  said  that  other  canners  will  have 
received  their  last  supplies  of  fish  for  this  season.  Many  workers 
are  idle  because  of  the  early  closing  of  this  important  industry. 
In  past  years  conditions  were  such  that  the  industry  made 
Eastport,  but  recent  seasons  the  industry  has  flourished  only  a 
few  months  in  the  year  and  the  employes  have  been  forced  to 
seek  other  work  to  carry  them  through  the  idle  part  of  the 
year.  With  the  closing  of  the  ten  canneries  and  the  other 
shops  which  go  with  them  not  much  more  will  be  done  this 
season.  The  time  for  closing  has(  been  toward  the  last  of 
November,  but  this  year  it  is  a  full  month  earlier  than  that. 

Japanese  have  organized  two  corporations  to  open  can¬ 
neries  near  San  Jose,  Calif.,  and  the  American  Legion  has  for¬ 
warded  copies  of  the  incorporation  papers  to  Washington  to 
learn  whether  or  not  the  action  is  legal  under  State  and  United 
States  laws.  The  two  canneries  will  each  have  a  capital  stock 
of  $10,000,  all  of  which  has  already  been  subscribed,  but  Cali¬ 
fornia  is  so  sensitive  about  the  Japanese  that  this  proposition 
will  be  subjected  to  the  closest  scrutiny  before  it  is  permitted 
to  go  through. 

The  great  quantity  of  fresh  fruit  available,  and  reduced  prices 
these  last  few  weeks,  is  exerting  some  influence  upon  the  sale 
of  canned  sorts.  Never  before  has  the  New  York  market  been 
so  plentifully  supplied  with  fresh  fruits,  and  they  are  still  coming 
forward  in  unprecedented  volume.  While  the  disposition  has 
been  to  hold  up  prices,  lately  they  have  begun  to  come  down, 
and  are  now  approaching  what  buyers  believe  to  be  normal 
quotations.  The  effect  upon  the  canned  foods  trade,  especially 
upon  fruits,  has  been  to  retard  movement  considerably  and 
buyers  have  acted  more  conservatively  than  they  probably  would 
have  done  if  fresh  fruit  had  not  been  so  plentiful. 


Warmington,  Timms  &  Co.,  in  a  circular  just  sent  to  the 
trade,  say  that  if  retailers  price  food  products  in  accordance 
with  the  views  of  the  economic  housewife,  they  will  do  much 
to  improve  trade,  and  they  point  out  that  numerous  items  in  the 
canned  foods  list  would  be  stimulated  by  such  action. 

Carl  Weisl,  of  U.  H.  Dudley  &  Co.,  is  back  at  his  desk 
after  a  brief  visit  to  the  sardine  canning  factories  at  East- 
port,  Me. 

A  slightly  better  feeling  seems  developing  in  the  canned 
foods  situation,  and  more  buying  of  small  lots  is  in  progress  as 
the  week  closes.  Movement  into  consumption  continues  re¬ 
stricted,  as  it  has  been.  “HUDSON.” 


Correct  Construction 

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only  are  employed  throughout  its  con- 
struction. 

Hs  True  and  tight— -they  are  free  from 
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Send  for  Catalogue 


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INOORPORATBD 

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TANKS 

AMO 

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THE  “BLISS”  NO.  81  DOUBLE  SEAMER 

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The  “BLISS”  No.  81  Double  Seamer  is  extremely  simple  to  operate  and  has  no  small,  delicate 
parts  to  get  out  of  order. 

E.  W.  Bliss  Company 

Main  Offices:  BROOKLYN,  N.  Y.,  U.  S.  A. 

American  Factories:  BROOKLYN,  N.  Y.  and  HASTINGS,  MICH. 

-  8  L  E  8  OFFICES 

CHICAGO,  People's  Oas  Bldg.  DETROIT.  Dime  Bank  Bldg.  CLEVELAND.  Union  Bank  Bldg. 

CINCINNATI,  union  Trust  Bldg.  BUFFALO.  Marine  Bank  Bldg.  ST.  LOUIS,  Boatmen’s  Bank  Bldg. 
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1857 


1920 


10 


THE  CANNING 


»  .  ‘ 

CHICAGO  MARKET 

I  . . — —  ' 

A  Political  Review — Some  of  the  Reasons  for  the  Election 

Result — Some  Business  Showing  —  Indiana  Offering 
Tomatoes — ^Rumor  of  Large  Cmn  Pack- 
Some  Bargains  to  Be  Found 
in  Peas. 

Reported  by  Telegram 

Chicago,  Ill.,  November  5,  1920. 

Well!  Jerusalem  crickets!  They  must  have  failed  to 
count  my  vote!  Maybe  they  counted  it  for  Harding.  There 
certainly  ought  to  be  a  recount,  as  the  country  seems  to  be 
politically  lopsided. 

What’s  the  matter?  Just  a  few  conditions,  viz: 

The  countrj'  was  and  is  tired  of  war  and  its  concomitant 
greed  and  profiteering. 

It  was  tired  of  being  bothered  about  European  and  Asiatic 
affairs,  and  of  having  to  read  in  the  newspapers  daily  and  hourly 
a  lot  of  names  that  begin  with  a  spit  and  end  with  a  sneeze,  and 
which  when  bunched  sound  like  a  pack  of  fire  crackers  at  work. 
The  pe<^le  are  tired  of  artificial  conditions  and  want  to  get  back  to 
normal.  They  are  tired  of  tag  days  and  importunities  for  money 
from  every  source  and  for  every  cause  that  the  ingenunity  of 
mendicancy  can  invent.  They  are  tired  of  propagandists  and  pro- 
motionists  who  are  too  strong  for  light  work  and  too  weak  for 
heavy  work  and  therefore  wont  work  as  long  as  they  can  work 
some  one  else. 

They  are  tired  of  all  the  disturbances  and  distortions  Russian, 
Polish,  German,  Austrian,  Greek,  Turk,  Irish,  Czeck-Slovak,  Jew¬ 
ish,  Armenian  and  feel  toward  them  like  Horace  Greeley  did  to¬ 
ward  things  when  he  was  vexed  and  was  asked  to  contribute  to¬ 
ward  building  a  church.  He  said  that  he  did  not  think  that  there 
were  more  than  half  the  people  in  hell  now  that  there  should  be. 

They  are  tired  of  crime  and  criminals,  which  whiskey  and 
drunkenness  have  built  up  in  our  land,  and  they  believed  thfit 
the  infiuence  of  whiskey  was  supporting  the  Democratic  ticket. 

They  w’ere  tired  of  paternalism  and  the  regulaticn  of  business 
by  a  lot  of  political  boobs  who  w’ere  not  competent  to  run  a  lemon¬ 
ade  stand.  They  were  tired  of  extravagance  and  waste  of  puolic 
funds,  and  of  the  constant  and  stupid  nagging  and  disagreement 
between  the  legislative  and  the  executive  departments  of  our  Gov¬ 
ernment,  resulting  in  nothing  being  done  toward  the  helpfulness 
which  the  country  now  needs  in  readjusting  its  affairs.  It  was 
tired  of  partisan  politics  and  hungry  for  some  unselfish,  upbuilding, 
co-ordinating  and  co-operating  patriotism. 

Therefore,  it  concluded  to  have  but  one  party  in  executive, 
legislative  and  other  affairs  in  order  to  get  things  done.  The 
change  was  w’anted  and  came  very  nearly  being  unanimous. 

This  is  an  analysis  of  some  of  the  causes,  from  my  viewpoint, 
and  I  have  always  voted  the  Democratic  ticket.  There  is  much, 
very  much  to  be  said  for  the  Democratic  party,  and  its  achieve¬ 
ments  during  four  years  past,  but  it  is  dead  and  its  resurrection 
is  a  long,  long  way  in  the  future. 

Changing  Conditions — Now  that  the  election  is  settled, 
business  seems  to  have  taken  on  some  speed.  I  sold  today  2,000 
cases  canned  com,  2,000  cases  canned  peas  and  a  car  of  Cali¬ 
fornia  fruit,  not  to  mention  a  few  smaller  orders.  Feels  like  old 
times  a  little.  Maybe  it  was  a  change  of  government  the  market 
needed.  If  so,  it  got  what  it  needed — some  change !  What? 

Canned  Tomatoes — Indiana  is  offering  some  nice  toma¬ 
toes  and  her  prices,  freights  comparatively  considered,  are  about 
as  low  as  Eastern  prices.  I  have  seen  some  samples  of  Indiana 
extra  standard  tomatoes  today  which  looked  fancy  to  me  or 
nearly  so. 

Canned  Com — A  rumor  reports  a  big  output  of  canned 
corn  and  there  is  a  strong  pressure  to  sell,  but  no  matter  how  low 
a  price  one  makes  buyers  will  make  lower  offers.  Wisconsin  is 
selling  some  standard  com  at  95c  and  extra  standard  at  $1.00 
f.  o.  b.  cannery.  Ohio  is  asking  for  offers  on  standard  and  extra 
standard  canned  corn. 

Canned  Peas — ^Wisconsin  canners  are  putting  what  sur¬ 
plus  they  have  left  into  winter  storage.  Some  are  shilling  to 
Chicago  warehouses  and  are  taking  up  about  all  the  available 
space  to  be  had.  which  is  small.  Prices  on  canned  peas  are  advanc¬ 
ing  now  that  the  lots  that  were  badly  stored  are  out  of  the  way, 
having  mostly  been  sold  or  winter  stored.  The  cheap  lots  of  sub- 
standards  are  about  closed  out.  Some  good  bargains  were  had  by 
wholesalers  during  the  pressure  period,  but  only  a  few  houses 
were  so  situated  as  to  take  advantage  of  the  opportunities,  "nie 
market  has  steadied  and  is  stronger  all  along  the  line  of  grades 
and  qualities.  WRANGLER 


HOW  MUCH  IS  A  DOLLAR 
(Campbell’s  Courant.) 

We  hear  a  great  deal  about  “getting  back  to  normal’’ 
but  the  trouble  is  thot  no  one  knows  just  where  normal 
is.  We  don’t  know  just  what  the  value  of  the  dollar  is 
going  to  be.  On  the  answer  to  that  question  hangs  the 
solution  of  the  problem  as  to  what  is  a  fair  price  basis  on 
which  this  nation  can  conduct  its  business. 

If  we  have  reached  a  new  standard  of  living,  adding 
enormously  to  the  size  and  scope  of  the  general  buying 
public,  and  if  the  old  dollar  has  a  new  value,  the  quicker 
w'e  realize  it,  the  sooner  the  wild  goose  chase  “back  to 
normal’’  will  be  ended. 

Whereas  the  dollar  of  yesterday  was  worth  less  than 
50  cents,  it  is  today  approaching  its  full  value.  Now 
is  the  time  to  build  firmly  and  substantially.  Practical 
judgment,  based  on  common  sense,  high  ideals  and  faith 
unimpaired  by  fear,  will  carry  the  business  man  of  to¬ 
day  ahead  farther  than  ever  before.  We  are  reaching  the 
turning  point. 

We  believe  that  conditions  justify  the  expectation 
that  the  money  situation  will  be  greatly  improved  by 
December;  we  believe  that  the  cure  of  speculation  is  al¬ 
ready  discounting  the  better  conditions  that  will  come  in 
1921  and  that  business  men  should  now  lay  their  plans 
for  increased  activity  and  more  aggressive  policies  next 
year. 

ASSOCIATION  MEETING  DATES. 

The  time  is  approaching  when  the  State  and  local  associa¬ 
tions  of  canners  will  hold  their  fall  or  annual  meetings.  Notice 
of  these  meetings  will  be  given  here,  and  we  urge  the  secre¬ 
taries  to  send  us  announcement  of  such  meetings  promptly  and 
as  far  ahead  of  the  meeting  date  as  possible. 

November  0,  10,  11,  1020 — ^Wisconsin  Pea  Packers’  Associa¬ 
tion,  at  Hotel  Wisconsin,  Milwaukee.  Annual  meeting. 
In  connection  herewith  the  Vegetable  and  Fruit  Packers’ 
Auxiliary  of  Wisconsin  will  meet  at  the  same  place  on 
November  8th. 

November  16  to  17th — Indiana  Canners  at  Indianapolis.  An¬ 
nual  meeting.  Hotel  to  be  named  later. 

November — Western  Canners  at  Chicago,  date  and  hotel  to  be 
named  later. 

Illinois  Canners  Association  to  meet  at  same  time  and 
place  as  Western. 

December  1 — Maine  Canners’  Association,  place  of  meeting  an¬ 
nounced  later. 

December  1,  2  and  3 — Minnesota  Canners’  Association,  approxi¬ 
mate  dates,  place  of  meeting  announced  later. 

December  2  and  3,  1920 — ’Tri-State  Canners,  at  Philadelphia, 
Hotel  Adelphia.  Annual  meeting. 

December  6i — Michigan  Canners’  Association,  place  of  meeting 
announced  later. 

December  7  and  8 — Ohio  Canners’  Association,  place  of  meet¬ 
ing  announced  later. 

December  8,  9,  1920 — New  York  State  Canners  at  Powers 
Hotel,  Rochester.  Annual  meeting. 

January  12,  1921 — Colorado  Canners’  Association,  Denver,  Col. 

January  14,  1921 — Utah  Canners’  Association,  place  of  meeting 
announced  later. 

January  17  to  21,  1921 — National  Convention,  Canners  Mach¬ 
inery  and  Supply  Men,  Brokers,  Machinery  Exhibit  at  At¬ 
lantic  City.  No  hotel  headquarters.  Meetings  will  be  held 
at  all  prominent  hotels. 


THE  CANNING  TRADE. 


11 


More  and  more  shippers  are  discovering  the 
secret  of  real  shipping  economy. 

Here’s  the  password — Embry — 4 — One  Boxes. 

Brickbats,  beans,  bananas  and  baby  carriages 
— practically  everything  that  can  be  shipped  at 
all  can  be  shipped  in  Embry — 4 — One  Boxes  at 
a  saving. 


gMBRV 


eOXES 


Embry — 4 — One  Boxes  are  built  in  accordance 
with  the  patented  wirebound  principle.  Tough, 
steel  wire  carries  the  peak  of  the  load. 

The  boxes  are  therefore  lighter  in  weight, 
stronger  in  construction,  easier  to  pack,  easier 
to  close,  easier  to  handle  and  practically  pilfer- 
proof. 

Result:  Saving  of  time,  labor,  money,  goods, 
freight  and  customers. 

Write  for  further  information  today. 

Embry  Wirebound  Box  Co. 

Branch  of  Embry  Box  Ck). 

Incorporated 

828-C  South  20th  Street  Louisville,  Ky. 


ARE  YOU 

FULLY  PROTECTED 

against  fire  loss 

NOW 

that  your  stock  of  canned  goods  has 
reached  its  highest  point  in  value? 

You  can  well  afford  to  keep  fully  covered, 
when  you  can  obtain  your  protection 

AT  ACTUAL  COST 

through 

Canners  Exchange  Subscribers 


Warner  Inter  Insurance  Bureau 

Write 

Lansing  B.  Warner,  Incorporated 

104  South  Michigan  Avenue 


CHICAGO. 


ILLINOIS 


Officially  endorsed  by  National  Canners’  Association 


UNDRETHS’  SEEDS 


1  When  you  think  of  seeds  of  any 

8  kind  think  of  Landreths’.  Before 
S  buying  from  anyone  else,  let  us 
S  quote  you.  We  are  growers  of  all 
5  varieties  of  Seeds,  used  by  canners. 

I  We  are  the  oldest  Seed  House  in 

America,  this  being  our  136th 
year  in  the  business. 

D.  Landreth  Seed  Company 

I  Bristol,  Pennsylvania 


BUSINESS  ESTABUSHED  1784 


MKIB 


12 


THE  CANNING  TRADE. 


»  I  --—I  I  p 

CALIFORNIA  MARKET 
I 

Some  Improvement  Noted  in  Demand — ^Export  Business  Lack¬ 
ing — A  Few  Firms  Still  Parking  Tomatoes— Farmers’ 
Convention  Tliis  Week — ^Young  Lady  Wins  Prize 
Peach  Contest — No  Premiums  on  Pineapple 
this  Year — Coast  Notes. 

Reported  by  TeleKtabh. 

San  Francisco,  November  6,  1920. 

The  Market — A  slight  improvement  has  been  noted  in  de¬ 
mand  for  canned  foods  during  the  week,  but  this  is  still  very 
weak.  The  wholesale  grocery  trade,  with  heavy  sugar  losses 
still  fresh  in  its  memory,  is  in  no  mood  to  make  heavy  pur¬ 
chases  in  anticipation  of  future  business,  and  retailers  are  just 
as  conservative.  The  California  canning  trade  did  not  make 
preparations  for  much  export  business,  but  the  little  that  was 
in  sight  seems  to  have  vanished,  due  to  industrial  troubles  in 
England  and  unsettled  conditions  in  many  other  countries. 
Some  goods  are  being  sent  to  the  Orient,  but  the  demand  there 
is  still  comparatively  light,  and  will  do  little  to  relieve  the 
situation.  In  almost  every  line  there  has  been  a  curtailed 
pack  this  year,  but  it  is  also  true  that  there  is  a  holdover 
of  both  fruits  and  vegetables  from  last  season,  with  consump¬ 
tion  restricted  because  of  the  high  prices  that  are  necessary. 

Tomatoes — Tomato  packing  is  still  on,  but  Is  being  con¬ 
fined  to  a  few  firms,  and  these  are  operating  on  goods  con¬ 
tracted  for  early  in  the  season.  As  practically  all  of  these 
expired  the  first  of  November,  but  little  canning  will  be  done 
from  now  on.  Those  who  pack  tomatoes  in  November  will 
doubtless  pay  a  very  low  price  for  stock  and  confine  their 
output  to  puree.  There  are  no  changes  in  market  fuotatlons 
here  for  canned  tomatoes,  but  the  feeling  seems  to  be  general 
that  a  stiffening  may  be  expected  as  soon  as  full  pack  statistics 
are  available. 

Farmers’  Convention — Charles  H.  Bentley,  vice-president 
and  sales  manager  of  the  California  Packing  Corporation,  has 
accepted  an  invitation  to  address  the  California  Fruit  Growers’ 
and  Farmers’  Convention,  to  be  held  at  Fresno,  November  9 
to  12.  He  will  speak  on  the  problems  confronting  packers 
and  growers  of  fruits  and  vegetables,  with  special  reference 
to  the  need  of  extending  existing  markets  to  care  for  the  great 
increase  to  be  expected  in  this  State  within  the  next  few  years. 

Prize  Peaches — The  first  annual  contest  among  growers 
of  canning  peaches,  organized  by  the  Sutter  County  Farm 
Bureau  last  spring,  came  to  a  close  recently,  and  prizes  have 
been  awarded  by  the  Canners’  League  of  California.  The  first 
prize  was  won  by  Miss  Lanie  M.  Wilbur,  who  also  received 
a  number  of  awards  in  special  competitions.  The  grand  prize 
was  awarded  for  her  orchard  of  Philips  clings,  and  those  who 
saw  it  declare  that  this  is  undoubtedly  the  finest  in  the  State, 
if  not  in  the  world.  So  successful  was  the  contest  that  plans 
are  now  being  made  for  making  it  of  State-wide  scope,  instead 
of  sectional  in  character.  The  University  Farm  authorities 
have  offered  to  co-operate  in  interesting  peach  growers  to  sys¬ 
tematize  their  canning  peach-growing  methods,  and  a  lively 
contest  is  promised.  Farm  Adviser  C.  E.  Sullivan  Is  in  favor 
of  the  State-wide  contest,  and  has  expressed  the  opinion  that 
canners  will  be  glad  to  donate  the  cups  and  ribbons  and  other¬ 
wise  promote  the  event.  Robert  Hofgson,  farm  adviser  of 
Los  Angeles  County,  recently  inspected  the  winning  peach 
orchards  in  Sutter  County  and  stated  that  he  would  seek  to 
introduce  new  cultural  methods  in  Southern  California 
orchards. 


The  long-established  plan  of  Los  Angeles  firms  in  pur¬ 
chasing  and  packing  Northern  California  products  and  ship¬ 
ping  them  East  under  Southern  California  labels  will  come 
to  an  end  if  the  advice  of  the  Sutter  County  Farm  Bureau  is 
followed  by  growers.  A  special  appeal  is  being  made  to  have 
all  the  products  of  that  county  go  out  under  Northern  Cali¬ 
fornia  brands  in  order  to  secure  rightful  recognition. 

Pineapple — While  Hawaiian  pineapple  is  not  commanding 
the  premium  over  opening  prices  that  prevailed  a  few  months 
ago,  the  demand  for  this  fruit  is  keeping  up  well,  and  the 
trade  is  accepting  deliveries  without  question,  something  that 
is  not  true  in  all  lines.  Every  steamer  coming  from  the 
Islands  is  loaded  to  capacity,  and  it  will  be  several  months 
before  the  entire  pack  can  be  moved  to  the  mainland.  Many 
large  tracts  of  land  are  now  being  planted  to  pineapples,  can¬ 
neries  are  being  enlarged,  and  the  output  will  show  an  in¬ 
crease  for  several  years  to  come. 

Importers  at  San  Francisco  have  been  advised  that  the 
Minister  of  Commerce  at  Melbourne,  Australia,  has  decided  to 
institute  a  system  of  grading  in  the  packing  of  Jams,  fruits  and 
other  goods,  owing  to  complaints  from  other  countries  that 
goods  have  arrived  below  sample  and  in  a  damaged  condition. 
A  standard  type  of  tin  Is  to  be  compulsory,  the  date  of  manu¬ 
facture  is  to  be  stamped  on  containers,  and  supervision  will 
be  exercised  over  packing  to  secure  a  more  uniform  product. 

The  Olive  growers  of  Tulare  County,  Cal.,  have  organized 
a  permanent  association,  with  W.  B.  Kiggens,  president,  and 
R.  M.  Carr,  secretary.  The  Tulare  County  crop  is  estimated 
at  about  5,500  tons,  and  a  committee,  consisting  of  C.  W. 
Bramswell,  of  Lindsay;  B.  J.  Morey,  of  Strathmore  and  Por¬ 
terville;  L.  J.  Williams,  of  Orosi,  and  A.  E.  Imber,  of  Delano, 
have  been  named  a  committee  to  sell  the  output.  The  pre¬ 
vailing  price  is  $160  a  ton,  but  buyers  seem  disposed  to  make 
offers  for  small  quantities  only.  A  large  part  of  the  crop 
will  doubtless  be  converted  into  oil.  Unless  a  market  de¬ 
velops  at  once,  the  plant  of  the  California  Co-operative  Can¬ 
neries,  at  Visalia,  will  be  converted  into  an  oil  manufacturing 
plant. 

Libby,  McNeill  &  Libby  has  purchased  1,077  acres  on 
Tyler  Island,  in  the  Sacramento  River  delta,  and  will  plant 
this  to  asparagus  to  supply  its  plants  in  that  section. 

A  new  pineapple  company,  headed  by  C.  H.  Will,  of  Hilo, 
T.  H.,  has  taken  over  land  near  that  place,  and  plans  to  erect 
a  cannery. 

The  formal  opening  of  hte  new  plant  of  the  Ehmann  Olive 
Company,  at  Oroville,  Cal.,  the  largest  olive-packing  plant  in 
the  world,  will  take  place  on  November  15,  which  is  also  the 
opening  day  of  the  Oroville  Orange  and  Olive  Exposition. 

Work  is  being  rushed  on  the  erection  of  the  new  cannery 
of  the  Hickmott  Cannery  Company,  at  Antioch,  Cal.  The  plant 
will  be  in  a  completed  form  well  in  advance  of  the  opening 
of  the  asparagus-packing  season. 

The  San  Leandro  Canning  Company,  of  San  Leandro, 
Cal.,  is  making  plans  to  dispose  of  $150,000  of  its  capital 
stock  to  fruit  and  vegetable  growers,  and  will  devote  the  pro¬ 
ceeds  to  enlarging  the  capacity  of  the  present  cannery.  About 
50,000  cases  of  fruits  were  packed  during  the  season  just 
closed. 

The  California  Pacific  Sea  Food  Company  has  been 
granted  a  permit  to  dispose  of  an  issue  of  capital  stock  and 
to  invest  the  proceeds  in  a  fish  cannery  at  San  Diego,  Cal. 

W.  J.  English  arrived  at  San  Francisco  from  Honolulu. 
T.  H.,  a  short  time  ago,  and  announces  that  the  packing  of 
fish  caught  in  Hawaiian  waters  will  soon  assume  large  propor¬ 
tions,  packing  facilities  there  having  been  greatly  enlarged. 

"BERKELEY.” 


DECORATED  CANS 

Canners  doing  an  Export  Business  have  found  it 
especially  desirable  to  use  Containers  with  their  name 
and  Brand  Lithographed  on  the  Metal,— in  place  of  paper 
labels.  Attractive  containers  of  a  similar  style  for 
Domestic  Distribution  tend  also  to  increased  sales— par¬ 
ticularly  is  this  true  of  canned  foods  prepared  for  an 
exclusive  Trade.— 

Morever— the  additional  expense  involved  is  not 
as  great  as  generally  supposed. 

Write  us  for  particulars  , 

Southern  Can  Company 

Baltimore,  Md. 


WMBUHtaBBOKaBOBSk 


nmaoBssi 


THE  PRE-WAR  PACE  WON’T  DO 
THINGS  GO  BY  DOUBLES  NOW 

AND  THE  “DUPLEX” 
KEEPS  THE  PACE 

The  No.  260  Automatic 
Sanitary  Compound 
Liquid  Applying:  Mach¬ 
ine  has  an  output  of  150 
ends  per  minute. 


We  make  every  machine 
required  for  can-making. 


CAMEROM  CAN  MACHINERY  CO. 

SucccMon  to  TORRIS  WOLD  &  CO. 

No  change  of  ownership,  personnel  or  location 

CHICAGO,  U.  S.  A 


"AGENCY  EUR0PEENE4:0NT1NENTALE  CAMERON  CAN  MACHINERY  CO..qS6  Atsbo*  Ds  ChatiUoa.  Paris,  Franca." 
WM.  COOPER  PENN  ACO.  2S.  Vielaria  St..  LoiMloe.  Eanlaad.**  "D.  M.  KABLE.  Post  OfHca  Sailding  Heeskont,  CliiBa'' 


CREDif  MEN  CONDEMN  CANCELLATION  OF 
ORDERS 

The  National  Association  of  Credit  Men  recently 
adopted  by  its  Credit  Co-operation  and  Credit  Methods 
Executive  Committee  an  important  resolution.  .  . 

The  members  of  the  Credit  Co-operation  and  Credit 
Methods  Executive  Committee  are  as  follows : 

Mr.  H.  F.  Barker,  Belcher-Loois  Hardware  Com¬ 
pany,  Providence,  R.  I.,  chairman ;  Mr.  H.  W.  Utter, 
Qaflins,  Inc.,  New  York  City;  Mr.  H.  W.  Angevine. 
Hyatt  Roller  Bearing  Company,  Newark ;  Mr.  Stanley  L. 
Butler,  Ajax  Rubber  Company,  New  York  City;  Mr.  C. 
D.  Mixter  Wickwire  Spencer  Steel  Corporation  Wor¬ 
cester  Mass. ;  Mr.  J.  H.  Roy,  Sweet-Orr  Company,,  Inc., 
New  York  City;  Mr.  Frank  H.  Skinner,  Janeway  &  Car¬ 
penter,  New  Brunswick,  N.  J. ;  Mr.  William  J.  Leonard. 
Gibson  Snow  &  Co.,  Albany,  N.  Y. 

The  statement  adopted  by  the  Committee  is  as  fol¬ 
lows  : 

“War  not  only  destroys  life  and  property,  but  fre¬ 
quently  ideals.  Unrest  and  discord  have  followed  in  the 
wake  of  the  Great  War  and  the  Committee  at  the  outset 
of  its  work  emphasized  the  great  need  of  co-operation  in 
all  credit  relations.  The  co-operative  principle  has  per¬ 
formed  wonders  as  an  ally  for  the  building  up  of  stu¬ 
pendous  commerce  and  disastrous  results  would  follow 
any  diminution  of  this  principle  in  the  human  relation¬ 
ship. 

“Credit  departments  and  credit  grantors  are  urged 
to  defend  the  principle  in  their  relations  with  others  and 
to  make  it  a  supreme  guide  in  the  nation’s  commerce 
and  in  the  working  out  of  its  economic  problems.  No 
time  within  the  nation’s  history  demanded  more  largely 
the  control  of  co-operation,  and  the  exercise  of  it  will 
assist  largely  in  the  bringing  in  of  peace  and  rest. 

Cancellation  of  Orders. 

“One  of  the  most  serious  questions  in  the  commercial 
field,  and  during  recent  days,  was  the  enormous  sum 
of  orders  cancelled  when  they  had  been  placed  in  good 
faith  and  were  accepted  as  legitimate  business.  Cancel¬ 
lations  were  a  strong  contributing  cause  to  business  hesi¬ 
tation.  Cancellations  have  required  the  shutting  down 
of  some  industrial  plants.  The  practice  is  not  incident 
to  this  nation  alone,  but  reflects  a  certain  human  element 
which  is  brought  into  play  under  conditions  of  fear  and 
alarm,  and  will  destroy  composure  except  where  business 
conscience  and  a  common  sense  appreciation  of  causes 
and  effects  are  in  control. 

Speculation  to  Blame. 

“A  careful  analysis  of  the  causes  leading  to  the 
numerous  and  extravagant  cancellations  in  recent  months 
leads  us  back  into  the  period  when  equally  extravagant 
and  specultive  buying  was  causing  many  merchants  to 
lose  their  good  sense  and  judgment.  Commodities  were 
produced  and  bought  on  a  rising  market,  with  the  ex¬ 
pectation  that  a  resale  of  them  would  produce  big  profits, 
and  this  was  done  without  any  thought  of  the  future, 
when  conditions  might  change  and  alter  the  entire  com¬ 
plexion  of  affairs. 

“Prices  reached  their  peak  when  stocks  of  commodities 
had  been  accumulated  beyond  the  average  need  of  busi¬ 
ness.  At  this  period  cut  price  sales  were  featured  in 
some  of  the  large  retail  stores,  the  newspapers  featured 
campaigns  for  lower  prices,  all  of  which  aroused  an  un¬ 
warranted  expectation  with  the  consuming  public  of  a 
rapid  decline  in  prices,  imbued  the  merchant  with  a  strong 
feeling  of  fear,  and  resulted  in  a  scramble  to  unload  stocks 


and  the  cancellation  of  unexecuted  orders  with  the  ex¬ 
pectation  that  the  same  commodities  could  be  rebought 
at  lower  prices. 

Effect  of  Price  Changes. 

“The  Committee  was  very  strongly  of  the  opinion 
that  much  of  the  publicity  given  to  anticipated  lower 
prices  was  injudicious  and  caused  expectations  that  could 
not  be  confirmed.  The  Committee  regarded  it  as  just, 
however,  to  place  certain  responsibilities  for  cancella¬ 
tions  on  the  selling  houses.  Salesmen  urged  merchants 
to  buy  beyond  their  needs  representing  that  commodities 
would  be  difficult  to  get,  that  prices  would  not  decline, 
but  probably  have  further  rises  and  that  provision  should 
be  made  against  these  contingencies.  The  reaction  to 
this  unwise  period,  just  as  the  Association  anticipated 
and  endeavored  to  prevent,  was  cancellations  of  a  seri¬ 
ous  type  and  which  interrupted  the  natural  flow  of  busi¬ 
ness. 

“To  provide  a  remedy  for  cancellations  the  Com¬ 
mittee  urges  good  sense  and  honesty  in  the  sale  and  pur¬ 
chase  of  commodities.  The  buyer  should  not  be  urged 
to  purchase  beyond  his  needs ;  he  should  be  sold  in  gooQ 
faith  and  buy  in  good  faith.  When  the  orders  were  placed 
it  were  better  to  have  it  in  an  enforcible  form,  that  is. 
carry  the  written  confirmation  of  the  buyer,  but  even 
better  than  this,  the  order  should  have  the  support  of 
a  strong  conscience  which  will  confirm  contracts  no 
matter  what  has  happened  or  is  anticipated. 

Must  Avoid  Panic. 

“The  American  temperament  is  of  an  easy-going 
type.  Abuses  are  not  at  all  difficult  to  bring  about  in 
American  commerce  because  of  this  temperament.  It  is 
time,  however,  as  the  Committee  sizes  up  the  situation 
for  the  control  of  care  and  good  business  judgent  in  the 
selling  and  buying  of  commodities.  The  entire  business 
community  .should  be  gripped  by  a  .strong  business  con¬ 
science  which  will  not  under  any  circumstances  allow 
actions  that  often  approach  business  indecencies.  The 
impelling  power  of  fear  is  difficult  to  overcome  in  eco¬ 
nomic  crises,  and  nothing  is  more  desirable  in  the  opinion 
of  the  Committee,  than  to  broaden  the  knowledge  of  eco¬ 
nomic  laws  and  urge  merchants  to  understand  and  in¬ 
terpret  conditions  without  fear  or  panic. 

“The  Committee  urges  wide  publicity  to  this  minute 
on  cancellations  so  that  the  entire  nation  may  under¬ 
stand  the  ill  effect  and  the  waste  which  always  attend  a 
declination  to  accept  commodities  bought  in  good  faith. 
The  Publicity  Department  of  the  National  and  local 
Associations  are  urged  to  assist  in  a  thorough  distribu¬ 
tion  of  these  conclusions. 

Should  Observe  Terms  of  Sale. 

“Failure  to  conform  with  terms  of  sale,  and  espe¬ 
cially  cash  discount  terms,  is  one  of  the  nation’s  biggest 
and  most  expensive  trade  abuses.  It  were  impossible  to 
calculate  the  annual  cost  to  business  for  additional  time 
arbitrarily  taken  or  conceded  in  the  payment  of  accounts 
and  in  the  taking  of  discounts  after  the  expiration  of  the 
period  in  which  they  should  properly  be  deducted. 

“This  is  a  subject  also  of  deep  interest  to  business 
economy,  and  the  proper  treatment  of  it  will  react  favor¬ 
ably  on  commerce  and  give  greater  stability  to  our  credit 
transactions. 

Terms  and  Discounts. 

“At  this  period  when  business  is  marking  time  com¬ 
petition  may  lead  to  the  selling  of  terms  rather  than  to 
the  selling  of  commodities.  Such  a  drift  will  be  ex- 


THE  CANNING  TRADE. 


U 


Stevenson  Automatic  Lock  Seam 
Body  Forming  Machine 

This  machine  is  adapted  for  Form¬ 
ing,  Locking  and  Soldering  the 
Ix^iea  of  either  round,  sc^uare  or  ir¬ 
regular  cans,  and  is  furnished  with 
soldering  attachment  for  soldering 
the  bodies,  or  without  soldering  at- 
tachnent,  also  with  or  without  notch¬ 
ing  attachment  for  dry  products. 

The  body  blanks  can  be  fed  by  hand 
to  the  machine,  or  it  can  be  equip¬ 
ped  with  a  feeding  attachment. 

The  machine  is  easy  of  adjustment, 
and  can  be  quickly  changed  for 
various  size  cans;  is  constructed  of 
the  very  best  workmanship  and  ma¬ 
terial,  and  is  of  the  latest  design, 
and  improved  mechanical  con¬ 
struction. 

Prices  and  full  information  on 
application. 

We  Make  the  Following  Sizes : 

2^  to  4^  in.  Diam.  Leneth  in. 

4  “  8%  ••  "  '•  10  *• 

STEVENSON  &  CO.,  Inc. 

601*7  S.  Caroline  SL 

BALTIMORE,  MD. 


Evaporated  and  Coademed  Milk  CANS  Fruit  and  Vegetable  CANS  Oyster  and  Shrimp  CANS 

RHEI-RS  OAIM  OOMRAIMY 


Foot  of  Lawrence  Street,  Baltimore,  Md. 


Weirton,  Hancock  Co.,  Weat  Va. 


AODRBS4 


PMEUPS  OAIN  COMPANY 


To  Inaure 
Daliveriea 
to  Cuatomere 

FOUR 

SEPARATE 

FACTORIES 


Combined 

Capacity 

Over 

FOUR  HUNDRED 
MILLION  CANS 
PER  ANNUM 


16 


THE  CANNING  TRADE. 


ceedingly  unfortunate  in  the  opinion  of  the  Committee, 
and  it  is  strongly  urged  that  competition  should  be  con¬ 
fined  to  goods  and  prices  and  never  to  terms.  Terms 
shoould  be  brief,  datings  should  be  reasonable,  and  the 
cash  discount  allowed  for  a  short  period  and  in  a  sum 
conforming  with  the  nation’s  banking  powers.  The  Com¬ 
mittee  regards  as  very  desirable  the  bringing  about  by 
understanding  and  agreement  of  a  close  uniformity  in 
datings  and  cash  discount  terms. 

“An  emphatic  attitude  on  these  abuses  must  be  taken 
by  credit  grantors.  Buyers  of  commodities  must  be  made 
to  understand  that  where  terms  and  not  commodities  are 
bought,  and  where  cash  discounts  are  improperly  taken, 
that  the  costs  eventually  fall  on  them,  and  that  it  were 
more  economic  in  the  long  run  to  buy  commodities  and 
observe  sales  terms,  especially  pash  discount  terms.” 

WHAT  DOES  “DISCOUNT  FOR  CASH”  MEAN? 
The  National  Wholesale  Grocers’  Association  Issues  a 
Catachism. 

Mr.  B.  D.  Crane,  Chairman  of  the  Cash  Discount 
Committee  of  the  National  Wholesale  Grocers’  Associa¬ 
tion,  has  just  issued  a  pamphlet  on  the  subject,  treating 
the  matter  much  in  the  style  of  a  catachism,  with  ques¬ 
tions  and  answers.  Our  readers  will  find  this  interest¬ 
ing.  We  give  the  pamphlet  in  full : 

Q.  What  is  cash  discount? 

A.  The  Century  Dictionary  calls  it  “An  allowance  or 
deduction  generally  of  so  much  per  cent  made  for  pre¬ 
payments  or  prompt  payment  of  a  bill  or  account ;  a  sum- 
deducted  in  consideration  of  cash  payment  from  the  price 
of  a  thing  usually  sold  on  credit ;  any  deduction  from  the 
customary  price,  or  from  a  sum  due  or  to  be  due  at  a 
future  time.” 

Q.  Are  discounts  customary  in  the  wholesale  gracery 
trade  ? 

A.  Almost  invariably  so. 

Q.  Are  they  uniform  ? 

A.  No.  They  vary  and  are  matters  of  contract  and 
custom. 

Q.  Why  does  the  seller  offer  a  cash  discount? 

A.  To  induce  the  buyer  to  anticipate  payment  of  bill. 

Q.  Is  the  seller  released  from  terms  of  contract  be¬ 
cause  the  buyer  has  anticipated  payment? 

A.  Not  unless  so  named  in  the  contract  or  specifically 
agreed  to  between  buyer  and  seller. 

Q.  May  the  seller  demand  a  lesser  discount  than 
named  in  contract  or  invoice? 

A.  Only  by  consent  of  the  buyer. 

Q.  What  are  some  of  the  benefits  accruing  to  the 
seller  from  the  cash  discount  practice? 

A.  Quicker  possession  and  use  of  the  money;  more 
rapid  turnover  of  capital  and  stock;  lessening  of  moral 
and  credit  risk;  insurance  against  bad  debts;  cultivation 
of  courtesy  and  good  will,  etc. 

Q.  Why  does  the  buyer  discount  his  bills  in  the 
grocery  trade? 

A.  The  discount  allowed  is  usually  greater  than  the 
actual  interest  rate  on  money  and  the  buyer  is  willing  to 
assume  prepayment  and  risk  on  account  of  this  difference. 

Q.  Has  the  buyer  a  right  to  take  a  greater  discount 
than  named  in  the  contract  and  invoice  ? 

A-  Positively  no, 


Q.  Has  the  buyer  the  right  to  take  a  discount  after 
the  date  of  ejtpiration  named  in  the  contract  and  in¬ 
voice  ? 

A.  Again  positively  no. 

Q.  What  is  the  meaning  of  2  per  cent,  for  cash  in 
ten  days  or  thirty  days  net? 

A.  Payments  must  be  made  in  ten  days  from  date  of 
invoice,  or  the  buyer  may  pay  in  thirty  days  and  void  the 
discount  privilege. 

Q.  May  the  buyer  take  both  time  and  discount? 

A.  Never  except  by  voluntary  consent  of  the  seller. 

Q.  How  should  payment  be  made  by  buyer? 

A.  By  cash,  check  or  draft  free  of  any  exchange 
collection  charge  to  the  seller. 

Q.  What  is  the  buyer’s  usual  understanding  of  ten 
days? 

A.  That  he  has  the  privilege  of  making  remittance 

in  ten  days  from  date  of  invoice  and  he  does  not  under¬ 
stand  that  remittance  shall  reach  the  seller  in  such  time. 

Q.  Has  the  buyer  a  right  to  take  a  greater  discount 
than  named  in  contract  or  invoice? 

A.  No. 

Q.  Has  the  buyer  a  right  to  take  a,  or  any  discount 
after  the  discount  period  has  lapsed? 

A.  No.  Except  by  agreement. 

Q,  Is  the  National  Wholesale  Grocers’  Association 
pledged  to  the  wisdom  of  the  practice  of  cash  discounts? 

A.  Yes,  by  custom,  usage  and  resolution. 

Q.  What  is  the  meaning  of  “usual  terms”? 

A.  Terms  fixed  by  custom  or  contract  and  considered 
as  well  established  and  general  in  the  trade. 

Q.  Give  illustration. 

A.  Where  a  sale  is  made  of  California  Evaporated 
Fruits  and  terms  are  named  “usual’’  this  would  mean  that 
the  seller  will  allow  such  a  discount  as  is  allowed  by  the 
shipper  from  California  and  the  buyer  accepts  such  terms 
and  discounts. 

Q.  Should  manufacturers  prepay  freight  when  goods 
are  sold  prepaid  or  delivered? 

A.  Yes. 

Q.  Why? 

A.  Because  the  buyer  is  entitled  to  discount  the  in¬ 
voice  at  the  delivered  price  of  the  goods,  and  because 
the  buyeil  will  not  be  compelled  to  charge  back  the 
freights  and  because  it  leaves  no  reason  or  excuse  for 
the  buyer  to  wait  beyond  the  usual  ten-day  period,  and 
because  the  buyer  allows  discount  off  the  selling  price. 

Q.  Should  the  bill  of  lading  always  accompany  in¬ 
voice  when  and  where  goods  are  shipped  open  to  buyers? 

A.  Yes. 

Q.  Why? 

A.  Because  it  is  absolute  proof  of  shipment;  it  will 
enable  the  buyer  to  make  claim  in  the  event  of  shortage 
or  damage ;  it  justifies  the  buyer  in  discounting  invoice. 

Q.  What  are  the  duties  of  the  Cash  Discount  Com¬ 
mittee? 

A.  To  urge  the  value  and  importance  to  all  con¬ 
cerned  of  discounts  for  cash  between  manufacturer  and 
wholesale  grocers ;  to  urge  uniformity  of  discount  for  cash 
practice  in  similar  lines;  to  cultivate  good  will  and 
promote  the  interest  of  buyers  and  sellers  alike  through 
this  banking  branch  of  merchandising. 

Q.  Are  the  services  of  the  committee  at  the  disposal 
of  manufacturer  or  wholesale  grocer  in  the  event  of  mis¬ 
understanding? 

A.  Yes.  Freely. 


THE  CANNING  TRADE. 


250  CANNERIES  NOW  USE  TROYER-FOX  CLOSING  MACHINES 

HBRB’S  WHY 

Stopping:  NVaste 

Due  to  spill,  jammed  cans  and  seam'leaks. 

Stay  in  adjustment.  Run  all  day  with  no  stops  for  oiling.  Sturdy 
dependability. 

They  keep  going. 

Hare  ere  (ome  of  the  representetive  uaera: 

Libbj,  McNeill  &  Libby  Hunt  Bros.  H.  G.  Prince  &  C!o. 

Geo.  E.  Herbert  Packing  Co.  Shepparton  Preserving  Co. 

Stanmore  l7%eerving  Co.  Seattle  Can  Co.  Alexander  Molasses  Co. 
.  American  Packing  Co.  M.  J.  Brandenstein  &  Co. 

Bristol  Bay  Packing  Co.  Carlisle  Packing  Co.  Geo.  T.  Myers’A  Co. 
Northwestern  Fisheries  Co. 

Let  US  book  your  order  now  for  next  season’s  re¬ 
quirements. 


MACHINE,  76  Cans  per  minute 


SEAniE-ASTORIA  IRON  WORKS 

Builders  of  Troyer-Fox  Can  Making 
and  Canners’  Machinery 

MAIN  OFFICE 

601  Myrtle  Street.  Seattle,  Wash. 

BRANCH  OFFICE 

302  Santa  Marina  BMg..  San  Francisco,  CalH. 


18 


THE  CANNING  TRADE. 


THE  ETHICS  OF  THE  BROKER 
President  H.  A.  N.  Daily  reminds  the  members  of  his 
Association  of  their  duty  in  a  characteristic  letter  worthy  of 
reproduction.  He  says : 

Philadelphia,  November  1,  1920. 

To  Members: 

“BROKERS  WEAKEN  THE  MARKET  BY  LOW  OFFERS” 

In  the  issue  of  October  22  the  New  York  Journal  of 
Commerce  used  the  above  headlines  in  their  daily  report  of 
market  prices  and  conditions  covering  canned  vegetables.  The 
article  reads,  in  part,  as  follows: 

“Brokers  who  are  overly  anxious  to  make  sales 
of  canned  foods  are  a  potent  factor  in  keeping  the 
market  weak — they  attempt  to  spur  him  (the  jobber) 
to  action  by  quoting  low  prices,  generally  fractionally 
below  the  average  low  in  any  community.  They  do 
this  oftentimes  without  authority  of  the  canner,  but 
with  the  hope  that  if  the  buyer  accepts  the  quotation 
that  some  weak  packer  will  meet  the  prices  named.” 

Our  Association  has  fully  justified  the  best  expectations 
of  its  organizers  by  consistently  insisting  that  its  members 
at  all  times  maintain  the  very  highest  standard  of  ethics.  In 
paragraph  two  of  our  “Code  of  Ethics”  we  have  proclaimed: 

“Absolute  fairness  and  honesty  to  both  buyer 
and  seller  is  the  best  capital  a  broker  can  have.” 

This  principle  must  be  and  is  scrupulously  recognized  and 
maintained  by  every  broker  who  would  build  his  business  upon 
a  foundation  of  self-respect  and  permanent  success. 

Probably  there  will  never  again  be  experienced  a  period 
just  like  the  one  through  which  the  industry  is  now  passing. 
Everyone  is  taking  the  “acid  test.”  Producer,  distributor, 
broker;  all  alike  are  experiencing  the  same  unpleasant  and 
trying  disappointments,  amounting  in  many  instances  to  down¬ 
right  hardships. 

It  is  but  natural  to  expect,  therefore,  that  our  every 
action  will  be  the  subject  of  the  closest  scrutiny.  When  con¬ 
ditions  are  not  normal,  when  sales  are  hard  to  secure,  when 
broker  is  being  urged  by  packer  to  produce  results,  and  when 


buyers  have  Intrenched  themselves  behind  a  firm  resolve  to 
buy  nothing,  then,  as  at  no  other  time,  must  the  broker  be  on 
his  guard  lest  some  slight  infraction  against  our  “Ethics” 
be  committed  and  immediately  proclaimed  to  the  business  world 
as  a  reaction  against  the  entire  profession. 

Let  us  realize,  therefore,  the  importance  and  absolute 
necessity  of  so  guarding  the  reputations  of  ourselves  individ¬ 
ually,  and  our  Association  as  a  whole,  that  we  will  live  up  to 
our  highest  ideals  and  always  be  in  position  to  prove  that 
our  members,  one  and  all,  are  made  of  sterner  stuff  than 
those  who  could  be  adversely  infiuenced  by  circumstances,  no 
matter  how  trying  they  may  be. 

Very  cordially  yours, 

H.  A.  N,  DAILY,  President. 

NOTES  AND  OBSERVATIONS 

Michigan  Canners  Meet  December  14 — Last-minute  news 
comes  in  the  shape  of  a  wire  from  H.  K.  Royal,  secretary  of  the 
Michigan  Canners’  Association,  to  the  effect  that  the  fall  meeting 
of  their  association  will  be  held  at  the  Hotel  Pintland,  Grand 
Rapids,  Mich.,  on  December  14th,  instead  of  December  6th,  as 
scheduled  elsewhere  under  Association  Meeting  Dates.  Note  the 
change  of  date  and  place  of  meeting. 

H.  H.  Monroe  Now  With  Detroit  Commerce  Co. — The  De¬ 
troit  Commerce  Co.,  we  learn,  has  added  H.  H.  Monroe,  formerly  of 
Austin,  Nichols  &  Co.,  New  York,  to  their  staff  and  he  will  have 
charge  of  the  Grand  Rapids  office. 

An  Interesting  Pamphlet  on  the  American  Merchant  Ma¬ 
rine — Mr.  Charles  H.  Pietz,  president  of  the  Link-Belt  Co., 
recently  made  an  interesting  and  important  address  before  the 
National  Marine  League  at  Chicago  on  the  American  Merchant 
Marine,  and  those  interested  in  this  subject  will  find  it  well  worth 
reading.  It  is  in  pamphlet  form  and  can  be  secured  by  writing 
to  the  Link-Belt  Co.,  Chicago. 


ATLANTIC  CANS 


JAMES  F.  COLE 

Pretideat 


ATLANTIC  CAN  CO. 

BALTIMORE,  MARYLAND. 


THE  CANNING  TRADE. 


19 


CARNAHAN.  The  Sigi 

1  of  Quality 

TIN  PLATES 

IF  IT  IS  THE  BEST  WE 

MAKE  IT 

The  Carnahan  Tin  Plate  &  Sheet  Oo. 

CANTON,  OHIO 

BRANCH  SALES  OFFICES: 

Carnahan  Tin  Plate  &  Sheet  Co. 

Jos.  R.  Martin  & 

Walter  Q.  Clark,  Inc. 

New  York 
Montreal 

St  Louie 
f  San  Francieco 

Rolph,  Mills  &  Co. 

)  Los  Angeles 
f  Seattle 

C  Portland 

THE  J.  M.  PAVER  COMPANY 

130  N.  WELLS  STREET 
CHICAGO  ILLINOIS 

A  Canned  Foods  Brokerage  Organization — a 
selling  force  of  specially  trained  Canned  Foods 
Salesmen — working  co-oi)eratively  for  the  proper 
interests  of  their  Principals. 


ZASTROW’S  IMPROVED  SQUARE  OYSTER  STEAM  BOX 


Used  for  Clama, 

Sbrimp,  Pumpldn,  Sweot 
Potatoes,  etc. 

_  Hinged  Door  Type 

ZASTROW  MACHINE  COMPANY,  Inc.  ManufactHrers 


Made  square,  when  square 
cars  filled  are  run  into  it,  will 
fill  Box  as  full  as  practical. 
Made  of  %  in.  Plate  Steel,  tracks 
securely  fastened  to  heavy  angles 
forming  comers  of  Box. 

Made  up  to  25-ft.  long. 

Standard  8-ft.  cars  used. 


FOOT  THAMES  STREET.  BALTIMORE.  MO. 


THE  BLANCHER 
IS  THE  HEART 

OF  THE  MODERN 
CANNING  FACTORY 


So  important  an  item  must  be 
right.  There  is  one  sure  way  to 
make  it  right.  Make  it  a  Monitor. 

It  has  a  perfect  record  in  every 
State  in  the  Union.  Its  friends 
and  endorsers  are  everywhere. 


When  You  Buy  Get  The  Most  Value  Obtainable. 

Monitor  Users  Say  “In  Blanchers  That  is  the  Monitor.” 


C.—JU.  PUat 
HUNTLEY  MFC.  CO..  Ltd. 
TilMabon,  Oat. 


HUNTLEY  MFG.  CO. 

P.  O.  Drawer  25  SILVER  CREEK,  N.  Y. 


SPEQAL  AGENTS: 

A.  K.  ROBINS  Sc.  CO. 
Bidtiiaor.,  Md. 
BROWN.  BOGGS  CO..  Ltd. 
HaoUHoa,  Oat.‘ 


^0 


Tfifi  cakkikg  trade. 


BEAN  SUPPLY  SHORTAGE  WORKED  OUT 
(From  California  Fruit  News) 

One  of  the  principal  dealers  in  beans  in  California  has 
worked  out  the  following  informaiton  on  bean  supplies  in 
California  for  the  coming  year  in  several  of  the  varieties, 
which'  shows  quiet  plainly  the  probable  shortage  as  compared 
with  the  recent  season,  and  we  reprint  it  as  received: 

The  1919  crop  of  Pinks  was  600,000  bags.  Our  carry¬ 
over  1918  crop  at  the  time  our  1919  crop  was  harvested 
about  a  year  ago  was  260,000  bags,  making  a  total  of  860,000 
bags.  Our  1920  crop  of  Pinks  this  year  will  be  approximately 
226,000  bags.  Our  carry-over  of  1918  and  1919  crops  is 
190,000  bags,  making  a  total  of  416,000  bags. 

Upon  analyzing  the  above  you  will  see  that  we  had  about 
860,000  bags  a  year  ago,  and,  inasmuch  as  we  only  have  190,- 
000  bags  carry-over  today,  it  is  obvious  during  the  last  twelve 
months  there  were  about  660,000  bags  Pinks  shipped  out  of 
the  State.  Now,  considering  our  anticipated  crop  for  1920  and 
our  present  carry-over,  a  portion  of  which  is  unsuitable  for 
human  consumption,  we  have  only  416,000  bags  of  Pinks, 
which  is  246,000  bags  less  than  were  shipped  out  of  the  State 
last  year.  This,  in  conjunction  with  the  fact  that  Pink  beans 
are  selling  on  lower  levels  than  they  have  sold  since  the 
period  prior  to  the  war,  seems  to  be  sufficient  assurance  that 
the  market  will  not  go  to  lower  levels.  While  we  don't  pre¬ 
dict  a  rapidly  rising  market,  still  we  think  nobody  can  examine 
the  above  figures  without  appreciating  the  tendency  will  be 
upward,  provided  we  have  anywhere  near  the  demand  which 
we  had  last  year,  and  you  will  recall  we  did  not  consider  we 
had  a  normal  demand  during  that  period. 

Regaring  Blackeyes,  we  believe  the  situation  is  even  more 
serious.  We  harvested  176,000  sacks  in  1919  and  carried  over 
about  60,000,  which  gave  us  about  226,000  sacks  to  work  on. 
The  market  started  at  about  6c  last  year  and  advanced  con¬ 
tinually  until  the  high  point  was  reached  Just  before  this 
year’s  crop  came  in.  This  high  price  was  8^c.  Now,  when 
we  look  at  this  year’s  figures,  we  find  there  was  no  carry-over 
whatsoever,  and  the  present  crop  will  not  yield  over  160,000 
bags.  This  is  the  maximum.  We  find  in  looking  up  the  rail¬ 
road  records  practically  76  cars  have  already  been  shipped 
out  of  the  State.  This  means  we  have  a  tonnage  available 
in  California  today  of  about  100,000  bags  Blackeyes.  Does 
it  not  seem  as  though  we  cannot  help  encounter  a  market 
with  rising  tendency  on  this  variety  with  only  this  quantity 
available,  when  we  moved  200,000  bags  last  year  on  a  higher 
level  and  on  an  extremely  advancing  market?  To  augment 
this  situation  further,  we  find  the  crop  of  Cow  Peas  and  locally 
grown  Southern  Peas,  which  serve  as  a  substitute  for  Black¬ 
eyes,  is  extremely  light. 

In  regard  to  Cranberries,  another  variety  which  seems  to 
be  statistically  strong,  we  find  the  1919  crop  of  Cranberries 
86,000  bags;  carry-over  1918  crop,  60,000  bags;  a  total  of 
136,000  bags.  The  1920  crop  we  estimate  at  33,000  bags, 
and  carry-over  from  1918  and  1919,  46,000,  making  a  total 
of  78,000  bags. 

By  deducting  our  present  carry-over,  namely,  46,000  bags, 
from  the  total  we  had  on  hand  a  year  ago,  136,000  bags,  you 
will  find  we  have  used  during  the  past  twelve  months  90,000 
bags.  Considering  our  carry-over  at  present  and  our  antici¬ 
pated  crop,  we  have  12,000  bags  less  than  last  year’s  con¬ 
sumption.  Last  year  Cranberries  sold  up  to  7c,  and  were  very 
freely  bought  at  this  figure.  It  certainly  looks  as  though  we 
are  going  to  have  a  clean-up  on  Cranberries  before  the  next 
crop  is  harvested. 

In  the  following  we  give  you  the  statistical  situation  on 
Small  Whites.  We  submit  these  figures  without  comment, 
inasmuch  as  the  Small  White  situation  is  not  by  any  means 
controlled  by  California. 


The  1919  crop  of  Small  Whites  was  676,000  bags;  1918 
carry-over,  476,000  bags;  a  total  of  1,160,000  bags.  The  1920 
crop  of  Small  Whites  we  figure  at  166,000  bags;  1918  and 
1919  carry-over,  426,000  bags;  a  total  of  690,000  bags. 

An  analysis  of  the  above  will  show  California  shipped 
726,000  bags,  whereas  the  combined  carry-over  and  antici¬ 
pated  1920  crop  amounts  to  690,000  bags. 

Up  to  the  present  writing  the  growers  on  all  varieties 
of  California  beans  have  been  comparatively  free  sellers.  At 
present,  however,  the  dealers  are  beginning  to  realize  the 
shortage  that  exists  and  appreciate  the  fairly  good  demand 
which  we  have  been  securing,  and,  naturally,  the  growers  are 
tightening  up  somewhat.  The  banks  are  also  beginning  to 
appreciate  a  little  better  market  may  come  about  at  a  later 
date,  and  are  not  urging  the  growers  to  sell  to  the  extent  that 
they  were  two  or  three  weeks  ago. 

PRUNE  INDUSTRY  IN  JUGOSLAVIA 
(Consul  K.  S.  Patton,  Belgrade) 

The  only  dried  fruit  which  is  produced  in  commercial 
quantity  in  Serbia  is  prunes.  According  to  official  statistics, 
220,000  hectares  (463,620  acres)  are  planted  in  prune  orch¬ 
ards.  The  chief  centers  of  production  are  Serbia  and  Bosnia. 
The  production  in  Serbia  totals  about  40,000  metric  tons  an¬ 
nually,  and  the  total  production  of  Bosnia  about  23,000  metric 
tons.  Approximately  40  per  cent  of  these  prunes  is  used  in 
the  manufacture  of  prune  brandy  (shljevovitza),  40  per  cent 
is  dried,  and  the  remainder  is  made  into  jam.  The  whole¬ 
sale  price  of  dried  prunes  is  now  (September,  1920)  about  60 
rcowns  (approximately  6  cents)  per  pound.  At  the  present 
time  considerable  difficulty  is  being  experienced  in  drying  the 
prunes,  owing  to  the  bad  condition  of  the  ovens.  However, 
the  Minister  of  Agriculture  has  opened  a  credit  to  be  used 
in  repairing  defective  ovens,  and  has  also  purchased  a  certain 
number  of  new  ovens  for  use  in  the  prune  districts. 

A  NEW  W'ATER  AND  RAIL  LINE  TO  SOUTHERN  POINTS 

The  Old  Dominion  Transportation  Company,  operating 
since  June  29,  1920,  only  as  a  port-to-port  line  between  Nor¬ 
folk  and  New  York,  announces  that  it  is  now  in  a  position 
to  handle  through  traffic  between  Pier  No.  26,  North  River, 
New  York  City,  from  and  to  the  following  described  territory: 
The  line  of  the  Norfolk  and  Western  Railway  from  Norfolk 
to  Bristol,  Tennessee;  of  the  Southern  Railway  from  Bristol 
to  Chattanooga,  AGS  Railroad;  Chattanooga  to  Birmingham, 
Ala.  (including  points  in  the  Birmingham  District),  L.  &  N. 
Railroad;  Birmingham  to  Montgomery,  ACL  Railroad;  Mont¬ 
gomery  to  Albany,  Georgia,  GSW&G  Railway;  Almany  to  Cor- 
dele,  Georgia,  GS&F  Railway;  Cordele  to  Macon,  Georgia  Rail¬ 
road;  Macon  to  Augusta,  Georgia;  thence  via  Southern  Rail¬ 
way  to  Charleston. 

Will  Perform  No  Lighterage — The  Old  Dominion  Trans¬ 
portation  Company  will  operate  only  from  and  to  its  New  York 
pier,  and  will  not  perform  any  lighterage  within  free  light¬ 
erage  limits  of  New  York  harbor,  and  for  the  present  will  not 
participate  in  any  through  rates,  rail  and  water,  from  and  to 
interior  Eastern  or  New  England  points. 

The  Old  Dominion  Transportation  Company  will  operate 
tri-weekly  service  between  Norfolk  and  New  York,  with  sail¬ 
ings  Mondays,  Wednesdays  and  Saturdays,  and  with  the  estab¬ 
lishment  of  through  rates  is  in  position  to  forward  from  New 
York  to  Norfolk  any  traffic  delivered  them  the  day  of  sailing 
from  either  port,  and  such  shipments  Intended  for  through 
movement  to  Carolina  and  Southeastern  points  will  be  prompt¬ 
ly  delivered  to  rail  connections,  giving  the  public  the  much- 
needed  dispatch  line  service  between  Southeastern  and  Caro¬ 
lina  territory  and  New  York. 

(Continued  on  page  26' 


THE  CANNING  TRADE. 


11 


Just  Lrike  Telegrams - 

Are  our  messages  to  you  each  week  in  these  ads.  We  can  only  give  you  the  most  import¬ 
ant  facts — just  a  brief  description  perhaps,  of  one  unit  of  a  packaging  line.  But  we  want  to  im¬ 
press  upon  you  that  we  build  in  our  own  factory  complete  filling  and  packaging  equipments. 

If  you  are  interested  in  the  machinery  that  has  proven  the  best  in  hundreds  of  factories, 
just  drop  us  a  line  and  one  of  our  engineers  will  call. 


- . 


Kl«fer  B«lt  Conveyor 


We  make  complete  packaging  equipments  for  manufacturers  of  jelly,  preserves,  jam,  salad 
dressing,  mustard,  cider,  vinegar,  etc. 


The  Karl  Kiefer  Machine  Co. 


Cincinnati,  O. 


.is-- 


S3HE 


( 


•4._ 


O 


o 


Printing  ^  lithographs. 

CREATORS  OF 

GOOD  LABELS 

BALTIMORE  -  NEW  YORK 
CINCINNATI 

Baltimore  Office  £rWorks- Cross, Covington  £  Sander  Sts. 


II 


Tttfi  CAKKiKG  TRADfi, 


HUSKERS-SEHUSKERS~MIXERSILKERS“CORNWASHEBS 


Tttfi  CaNMiKG  ttlAbE. 


Why  does  a  woman 

rub  and  rinse  clothes? 

She  can’t  get  the  dirt  out  any  other  way. 

You’ve  got  to  have  some  action  other  than  a  stream  of 
water  to  get  the  dirt  off  corn.  You  must  loosen  it  up  first. 

The  Peerless  Washer  does  just  this  by  tumbling  the  ears 
constantly  in  a  revolving  reel,  causing  them  to  rub  against 
each  other  vigorously,  thoroughly  loosening  every  bit  of 
dirt.  Then  the  high  pressure  sprays  carry  it  off. 


Install  this  machine— -Keep  all  the  dirt,  silks,  ribbons  of 
husks  and  smut  out  of  your  cans.  Prepare  now  to  put  up 

the  cleanest  and  finest  quality  corn 
in  1921  your  cannery  has  ever  turned 


Peerless  Husker  Company 

Dmwall  Ave.  Buffalo,  New  York 


Corn\v^slier 


HUSKERS~REHUSKERS~MIXER  SILKERS  -SYRUPERS 


24 


THE  CANNING  TRADE, 


MAINE  MARKET 


M*lne  Ixmks  for  Good  Republican  Business— Jobbera  Report 
Business  Very  Quiet — Canners  Holding  Their  Goods— 
Some  Canners  Have  All  the  Apples  They  Want, 
and  Others  Hare  None— Apfde  Sauce  Be* 
ing  Packed — ^No  Holdings  of 
Stringless  Beans. 

Portland,  Me.,  November  5,  1920. 

Having  registered  her  desire  by  going  2  to  1  for  the 
Republican  candidate,  and  being  a  part  of  the  great  majority, 
Maine  is  now  looking  ahead  to  future  business,  with  antici¬ 
pation  of  marked  improvement.  Our  State  election  comes  in 
September,  and  on  every  year  of  presidential  election  we  re¬ 
vive  the  old  slogan,  "As  goes  Maine,  so  goes  the  country." 
And  since  we  elected  a  Republican  governor  this  year  with  the 
largest  plurality  ever  known,  we  were  freed  from  any  doubt 
as  to  the  outcome  of  our  national  election. 

As  yet  it  is  rather  too  early  to  expect  any  change  in 
conditions.  Local  jobbers  report  that  their  business  has  grown 
very  quiet,  due  to  the  fact  that  retailers  wish  to  clean  up 
present  stocks  before  a  general  drop  brings  them  a  loss,  and 
are  further  reluctant  to  buy  until  the  jobbers  shall  have  low¬ 
ered  their  prices.  Buying  is  very  limited  for  replacing  in 
small  amounts  only. 

Maine  Canned  Goods — In  a  dull  season  Maine  canned 
foods  men  are  apt  to  .consider  themselves  in  hard  luck  until 
they  come  to  compare  their  own  situation  with  that  of  packers 
in  other  parts  of  the  country.  Comparatively  speaking,  Maine 


is  much  better  fixed  than  many  other  sections;  our  packers 
are  unfortunate  (?)  in  not  being  able  to  carry  on  the  volume 
of  business  that  the  Southern  and  Western  packers  do;  there¬ 
fore,  stocks  are  not  so  large  nor  the  investment  so  heavy. 
(Against  this  must  be  remembered  the  fact,  however,  that 
our  costs  are  comparatively  very  much  greater  than  in  any 
other  section.)  Our  work — from  clams  and  sardines  in  the 
early  spring,  lobsters  in  the  early  summer,  blueberries,  string¬ 
less  beans,  corn  and  apple — is  distributed  throughout  the  whole 
"open”  season;  goods  move  gradually;  one  pack  helps  to  pay 
for  another,  and  usually  when  one  line  is  dull,  others  will 
take  care  of  them.  Today  there  are  large  stocks  on  hand — 
large  stocks  for  Maine  packers  to  carry.  But,  considered  be¬ 
side  the  stocks  of  various  lines  of  canned  goods  held  in  first 
hands  in  other  States,  Maine  is  feeling  the  present  depression 
very  little. 

Maine  Com — No  doubt  the  above  will  explain  to  a  great 
extent  why  the  present  stocks  of  spot  corn  are  not  placed 
upon  the  market  at  low  prices.  The  majrlty  of  the  packers 
are  either  financially  able  in  themselves,  or  so  well  estab¬ 
lished  and  well  considered  in  their  communities  as  to  be  able 
to  get  financial  assistance,  to  hold  their  stocks  against  the 
inevitable  recovery  of  the  business,  so  that  they  are  not  urging 
goods  upon  unwilling  buyers  and  sacrificing  more  than  their 
profits  to  expediency.  There  are  comparatively  large  blocks 
of  corn  held  by  Maine  packers.  There  are  no  quotations  made 
today  upon  Maine  corn.  No  doubt  a  bona  fide  order  at  reason¬ 
able  prices  would  produce  goods  for  sale,  especially  in  the 
various  standard  grades.  $1.60  is  the  only  price  heard  on 
fancy  corn  today. 

Maine  Apple — This  article  of  food  is  having  a  checkered 
career  in  Maine.  Within  a  radius  of  fifty  miles  one  packer 
may  be  able  to  pick  up  all  the  apples  he  will  take,  and  an¬ 
other  cannot  find  enough  to  fill  his  needs.  This  condition  has 


THE  CANNING  TRADE. 


Over  Two  Thousand 

Chisholm-  Scott 

Viners 

and  Five  Hundred 

White  Style  Feeders 

in  use  in  the  United  States 


These  feeders  do  not  tear  the  pods  from  the 
vines  as  other  feeders  do. 


For  informatioc,  write  the 

CHISHOLM-SCOTT  CO. 

71  Eut  Sute  Street  COLUMBUS,  OHIO 


*1t  Sticks  for  Keeps" 


Established  1879 


Adex  Manufacturing 
Company 


Manufacturers  of 


ADHESIVE  GUMS 


GLUE  AND  PASTE 


604-606  W.  Pratt  Street 


BALTIMORE 


MARYLAND 


CALDWELL  “HELICOID”  SCREW  CONVEYOR  with  flight  rolled  from  a  single  strip  of  metal,  no  laps  or  rivets  to 
catch  or  tear  your  product.  Internal  bushings  permit  interchange  with  corresponding  sectional  flight  conveyor,  the  same 
standards  being  preserved.  From  3  inch  to  16  inch  diameter  in  black  or  galvanized  steel. 

STEEL  CONVEYOR  TROUGHS  black  or  galvanized,  plain  or  perforated  bottoms. 

Box  ends,  countershaft  drive  ends  and  conveyor  hangers. 

A  complete  line  of  ELEVATING,  CONVEYING  and  POWER  TRANSMITTING  MACHINERY. 


26 


THE  CANNING  T&ADE. 


resulted  in  fiuttaiiing  tlie  pack  materially,  only  one  or  two 
packers,  fortunately  located,  being  anxious  to  put  up  any 
amount  of  No.  10  apple  this  year.  $4.50  is  the  general  and 
only  quotation  heard.  And  at  this  low  price  and  present  high 
costs  it  is  reasonable  to  conclude  that  there  will  be  no  surplus 
packed  above  current  contracts. 

Apple  Sauce— Although  a  new  departure  in  the  canned 
foods  business,  this  is  now  recognized  as  staple,  and  some 
excellent  goods  are  being  put  up  in  Maine  this  season.  The 
Heart  of  Maine  Packing  Company  are  pioneers  here  in  this 
line,  and  continue  to  control  the  business.  Their  product  can 
certainly  be  said  to  sell  “on  merit.’’  $2.00  for  No.  2s  and 
$10.00  fro  No.  10s  is  the  last  quotation.  Your  correspondent 
visited  these  people  last  week,  and  at  a  later  time  will  give 
you  an  item  upon  their  interesting  factory  and  business. 

Stringless  Beans — Thank  goodness,  there  is  at  least  one 
line  of  canned  foods  upon  which  we  can  report  “no  hoidings.’’ 
And  this  is  upon  the  one  line  that  for  two  years  has  looked 
a  bit  like  a  white  elephant. 

Sardines — Inquiry  among  local  sardine  men  brings  no 
advices.  Even  the  packers  themselves  say  they  don’t  know 
anything  at  all  about  the  conditions.  The  pack  is  very  much 
lighter  than  for  years,  and  stocks  on  hand  are  not  large.  The 
only  thing  that  could  trouble  the  packer  is  that  there  is  and 
has  been  no  demand,  and  that  prices  for  the  past  few  months 
have  been  very  low. 

Clams — The  pack  of  clams  progresses,  and  all  possible 
goods  will  be  put  up.  Prices  advanced  from  $1.35  to  $1.40, 
and  the  packers  do  not  seem  concerned  over  the  quiet  market 
of  today.  No  8  oz.  goods  will  be  packed  except  upon  contract. 

“MAINE.” 

(Continued  from  page  20) 

THE  NATIONAL  RESEARCH  COUNCIL  IN  WASHINGTON 

A  site  for  the  new  building  in  Washington  which  is  to 
serve  as  a  home  for  the  National  Academy  of  Sciences  and 
the  National  Research  Council  has  recently  been  obtained. 
It  comprises  the  entire  block  bounded  by  B  and  C  streets  and 
Twenty-first  and  Twenty-second  streets,  northwest,  and  faces 
the  Lincoln  Memorial  in  Potomac  Park.  The  Academy  and 
Council  have  been  enabled  to  secure  this  admirable  site,  cost¬ 
ing  about  $200,000,  through  the  generosity  of  the  following 
friends  and  supporters:  Thomas  D.  Jones,  Harold  F.  McCor¬ 
mick,  Julius  Rosen wald  and  Charles  H.  Swift,  Chicago;  Chas. 
P.  Brush,  George  W.  Crile,  John  L.  Severance  and  Ambrose 
Swasey,  Cleveland;  Edward  Daen  Adams,  Mrs.  E.  H.  Harri- 
man  and  the  Commonwealth  Fund,  New  York  City;  George 
Eastman  and  Adolph  Lomb,  Rochester;  E.  A.  Deeds  and  Chas. 
F.  Kettering,  Dayton;  Henry  Ford,  Detroit;  Arthur  H.  Flem- 
i  ng.Pasadena;  A.  W.  Mellon,  Pittsburgh;  Pierre  S.  du  Pont, 
Wilmington;  Raphael  Pumpelly,  Newport;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  H.  E. 
Huntington,  Los  Angeles;  Corning  Glass  Works,  Corning,  New 
York.  Funds  for  the  erection  of  the  building  have  been  pro¬ 
vided  by  the  Carnegie  Corporation  of  New  York. 

HEAT  PENETRATION  IN  PROCESSING  CANNED  POODS 

Under  the  above  title  the  Research  Laboratory  of  the  National 
Canners  Association  recently  issued  a  Bulletin  of  128  pages,  known 
as  Bulletin  No.  16-L.  Because  of  its  size,  and  moreover  because 
not  all  canners  might  recognize  the  value  and  importance  of  the 
bulletin,  it  was  not  sent  out  broad  cast,  as  are  all  the  usual  bulle¬ 
tins.  However,  anyone  Interested  may  .secure  a  copy  by  addressing 
the  Association  at  1739  H  street,  northwest,  Washington,  D.  C. 

The  question  of  Heat  Penetration  is  an  all-important  one,  as 
upon  it  depends  the  keeping  or  the  loss  of  all  canned  foods. 

The  introduction  to  the  bulletin  sets  forth  the  whole  subject 
s*3  well  that  we  reproduce  it  herewith.  The  bulletin  is  too  large 
to  be  reproduced,  and  is  likewise  filled  with  charts  and  illustra- 
tif'Hs.  The  introduction  says : 

The  processing  of  canned  foods  has  as  its  object  sterilization, 
or  the  destruction  of  minute  forms  of  life  that  otherwise  would 
cause  spoilage. 

As  soon  as  possible  after  a  can  of  food  is  sealed  it  is  placed 
in  a  sterilizer  and  heated  by  means  of  steam  or  hot  water.  Heat 
enters  the  can  from  all  sides  and  the  coldest  portion  will  always 
be  at  the  center.  The  temperature  at  the  center  of  the  can,  there¬ 
fore,  must  be  the  basis  of  any  study  of  processing. 


In  ail  sterilizing  operations  time  is  ah  essential  element. 
Sterilization  is  not  necessarily  complete  if  the  center  of  the  can 
is  brought  to  a  certain  temperature,  and  there  is  no  definite  tem- 
l)erature  that  can  be  termed  the  sterilizing  point  All  bacteria 
will  die  if  subjected  long  enough  to  temperatures  too  high  fur 
them  to  grow.  As  the  temperature  increases,  however,  the  bacteria 
are  killed  in  less  time.  For  example,  some  extremely  resistant  or¬ 
ganisms  rquire  one  hundred  times  as  long  for  their  destruction 
at  the  teperature  of  boiling  water  as  they  do  at  250  degrees  F.  It 
follows,  therefore,  that  a  can  of  food  may  be  sterilized  by  a  quick 
cook  at  a  high  temperature,  or  by  a  protracted  cook  at  a  lower 
temperature. 

In  order  to  determine  the  most  satisfactory  processes  for  the 
different  foods,  it  is  necessary  first  to  discover  the  temperature 
at  the  center  of  the  can  during  the  entire  course  of  the  operation 
known  as  processing,  then  to  ascertain  the  time  that  is  necessary 
to  destroy  the  spores  of  the  most  resistant  organisms,  at  various 
temperatures  and  in  different  foods. 

This  bulletin  presents  the  results  of  work  thus  far  conducted 
in  the  study  of  heat  peentration.  Subsequent  bulletins  will  give 
the  thermal  death  points  of  the  more  resistant  bacteria,  and  the 
length  of  time  necessary  to  destroy  them  at  a  given  temperature 
iu  various  foods.  This  information  will  be  published  during  the 
next  few  months,  if  possible.  The  data  in  this  bulletin  will  then 
be  correlated  with  the  results  of  the  study  of  bacteria,  and  the 
combined  results  of  both  investigations  will  be  interpreted  in  terms 
of  retort  maangement. 

'This  is  by  no  means  the  first  study  of  heat  penetration  in 
canned  foods.  Much  thought  has  been  devoted  to  the  subject,  and 
many  experiments  have  been  conducted  to  determine  the  tempera- 
tur  at  the  center  of  the  can  during  processing.  Nevertheless  the 
apparatus  available  did  not  give  results  sutflciently  accurate  or 
complete  for  the  work  we  had  in  view.  The  apparatus  used  in 
the  past  either  did  not  give  the  temperature  close  enough  to  the 
center  of  the  can,  or  could  not  be  used  in  commercial  retorts,  or 
gave  only  the  maximum  temperature  without  any  indication  of  the 
time  necessary  to  attain  it  or  any  other  degree  of  heat. 

Before  undertaking  this  work,  it  was  necessary  to  devise  new 
apparatus.  This  in  itself  was  a  serious  undertaking,  as  new  prob¬ 
lems  were  involved  in  the  construction  of  the  instrument.  Such 
skill  and  care  were  required  that  it  became  necessary  to  manu¬ 
facture  the  apparatus  and  repair  it  in  the  laboratory. 

The  difficulties  encountered  in  developing  the  apparatus  have 
now  been  overcome,  and  specifications  for  its  construction  are 
given  on  page  21.  The  apparatus  can  be  operated  successfully 
only  by  one  whose  training  in  physics  enables  him  to  understand 
the  instrument  in  all  its  details,  and  whose  mechanical  skill  is 
such  that  he  can  repair  it  Through  its  use  it  is  now  possible  to 
ascertain  the  temiierature  at  the  center  of  a  can  that  is  being 
processed  under  ordinary  commercial  conditions. 

The  subject  of  heat  penetration  is  discussed  in  considerable 
detail  under  the  several  headings  of  the  text  so  that  it  may  be 
a\ailable  to  others  who  are  working  on  the  subject.  Much  of  this 
material  is  of  an  unusual  nature  and  will  be  of  value  only  to 
one  who  is  making  a  detailed  study  of  some  phase  of  the  problem. 
Those  who  are  interested  especially  in  the  practical  results  thus 
fai  obtained  may  find  the  following  brief  statement  sufficient  for 
their  needs.  The  table  of  contents  will  be  of  service  to  those 
who  wish  further  details  regarding  any  of  the  subjects  discussed 
or  who  desire  to  consult  the  discussion  of  heat  penetration  in  any 
of  the  products  that  have  been  studied. 

Influence  ol  Retort  Temperature  on  Heat  Penetration 

Everyone  knows  that  large  cans  require  longer  to  heat  to  the 
center  than  small  cans.  This  is  due  partly  to  the  greater  distance 
between  the  center  and  the  surface,  and  partly  to  the  fact  that 
large  cans  have  less  surface  than  snmll  ones  in  proportion  to  the 
amount  of  contents. 

A  general  rule  may  be  applied  to  the  heating  of  cans  whose 
length  is  greater  than  their  diameter.  The  time  necessary  for 
heat  to  penetrate  to  the  center  of  cans  of  different  size  is  approxl- 
matly  proportional  to  the  squares  of  the  radii  of  the  cans.  It 
should  be  understood  that  this  refers  only  to  the  time  necessary 
to  bring  tbe  center  of  the  cans  to  specified  temperatures.  It  does 
not  refer  to  the  length  of  process  necessary  to  insure  sterilization. 
This  is  further  discussed  on  page  37. 

Influence  of  Initial  Temperature  on  Heat  Penetration 

If  two  cans  of  the  same  size  and  containing  the  same  sub¬ 
stance  are  heated  to  different  temperatures  and  then  placed  in  a 
retort  and  processed  together,  the  can  with  the  lower  initial  tem¬ 
perature  will  heat  faster  than  the  other,  so  that  the  centers  of  the 
two  cans  will  reach  retort  temperature  at  the  same  time.  Let  us 
suppose  that  the  retort  temperature  is  250  degrees,  that  the  con¬ 
tents  of  one  can  have  been  heated  to  200  degrees  and  the  other 
to  150  degrees.  If  these  cans  are  heated  together  in  a  250-degree 
retort  the  first  one  will  be  heated  through  60  degrees  and  the 
other  through  100  degrees  in  the  same  length  of  time.  The  former 

(Continued  on  Page  30) 


Pulp  Machines  and  Pulp  Finishing  Machines 

- FOR - 

Pulp  and  Catsup  Makers 

We  also  manufacture  a  general  line  of  canning  machinery,  such 
as  pea  graders,  cranes,  pineapple  graters,  pod  pea  hullers,  paring 
machines  for  pears  and  peaches,  pitting  spoons.  Friction  Clutch 
Pullies,  &c. 

The  Sinclaii^Scott  Company 

Wells  and  Patapsco  Streets  BALTIMORE,  MARYLAND 


Agents  for  Ontario— The  Brown,  Boggs  Co.,  Hamilton,  Ontario 


28 


THE  CANNING  TRADE, 


Tomato  Season  Comes  to  End — Frosts  Put  an  End  to  Tomato 

Plants — Farmers  Worried  Over  the  Falling  Prices — 

Pack  of  Com  in  This  Section  Good— Rasp¬ 
berries  on  the  Market  This  Fall — 

News  of  This  Section. 

Evansville,  Ind.,  November  4,  1920. 

Tomato  Season  About  Over — Heavy  frosts  have  fallen  dur¬ 
ing  the  past  week  in  all  of  Indiana  and  parts  of  Kentucky  and 
Southern  Illinois,  and  practically  all  the  tomato  vines  in  those 
States  were  killed,  and  this  means  the  ending  of  the  tomato 
season.  Most  of  the  canneries  have  cleaned  up  on  this  year’s 
tomato  crop,  and  they  are  well  pleased  with  the  pack,  which 
in  some  instances  broke  all  records.  The  crop  was  of  unusually 
fine  quality  this  season,  and  the  yield  was  splendid.  Ideal 
weather  conditions  existed  last  summer  for  the  planting  of 
the  crop,  and  good  weather  continued  until  the  plants  were 
well  developed  and  grown  and  ready  to  bear.  The  canneries 
have  been  rushed  with  work,  and  many  of  the  plants  during 
the  busy  season  were  forced  to  employ  extra  help.  The  farmers 
have  realized  handsomely  from  this  year’s  crop,  as  pre-war 
prices  were  paid  for  their  crop,  and  in  some  cases  the  farmers 
realized  more  from  their  ground  than  they  did  in  the  raising 
of  other  farm  products,  such  as  wheat  and  oats.  Many  of  the 
canneries  in  Southern  Indiana  now  are  engaged  in  canning 
pumpkins,  and  the  crop  in  the  Tri-State  section  is  large  and 
the  quality  is  reported  as  good,  if  not  better,  than  in  former 
years.  The  canneries  at  Washington,  Ind.,  and  Elnora,  Ind., 
are  engaged  in  canning  pumpkins,  and  the  pack  will  be  much 
heavier  than  last  year  or  the  year  before.  Taken  it  all  In  all, 
this  has  been  a  most  successful  season  for  the  canneries  of 
Southern  Indiana  and  the  owners  are  mighty  well  pleased  at 
the  result. 

Fanners  Blame  Manipulation — A  large  number  of  farmers 
of  Vanderburg  County  met  here  last  Saturday  at  the  call  of 
Jacob  L.  Aleon,  the  president  of  the  Vanderburg  County  Farm 
Improvement  Association,  to  discuss  declining  prices  of  farm 
products.  Mr.  Aleon  told  the  farmers  that  the  continual  drop 
in  price  has  been  due  to  speculation  and  mianipulation  and  not 
to  underproduction.  The  farmers  asked  that  the  newspapers 
publish  government  statistics  which  would  tend  to  show  that 
the  farmers  of  the  Middle  West  have  not  been  profiteering 
as  has  been  charged  in  some  sections  of  the  country.  The 
farmers  also  have  decided  to  continue  holding  their  wheat  and 
many  other  farm  products  until  higher  prices  prevail.  It  was 
suggested  that  a  boycott  be  instigated  against  the  farmers 
who  have  been  asked  to  Join  the  Farm  Federation  and  who 
have  thus  far  refused  or  failed  to  do  so. 

Canned  Tomatoes — The  demand  has  been  fair  all  season, 
and  wholesalers  and  retailers  are  predicting  that  the  fall  and 
winter  demand  will  be  good  and  that  the  supply  probably  will 
be  equal  to  the  demand. 

Canned  Com — The  pack  with  some  of  the  Indiana  can¬ 
neries  this  year  was  much  larger  than  it  was  last  year,  and 
the  demand  is  good  and  is  expected  to  continue  this  way  until 
next  spring.  Prices  are  holding  up  fairly  well. 

Canned  Peas — The  demand  for  canned  peas  is  expected  to 
continue  good  for  the  next  year,  and  the  prices  are  expected 
to  remain  good.  There  has  been  a  good  deal  of  buying  of 
futures  by  the  retailers  of  the  country,  according  to  the  whole¬ 
salers  of  this  city. 


Canned  Fruits — The  demand  is  quiet,  and,  in  fact,  has 
been  all  season,  but  prices  have  remained  firm.  There  is  an 
ample  amount,  it  is  believed,  to  supply  all  demands. 

Says  Season  Was  Abundant — John  C.  Wallenmeyer,  for¬ 
merly  connected  with  the  Sterling  Products  Company,  of  this 
city,  but  who  now  travels  for  a  large  concern  at  Indianapolis, 
was  here  a  few  days  ago  to  visit  his  wife  and  son.  Mr.  Wal¬ 
lenmeyer  reports  that  the  canneries  of  Northern  and  Central 
Indiana  have  had  one  of  the  best  seasons  on  record,  and  that 
they  are  highly  elated  over  their  success.  Mr.  Wallenmeyer 
predicts  that  the  canning  industry  in  Indiana  will  get  better 
each  year.  He  says  that  the  indusrty  is  still  in  its  infancy, 
and  that  people  are  buying  more  and  more  of  canned  goods 
from  year  to  year.  He  believes  that  the  farmers  are  alive 
to  their  opportunity,  and  now  that  they  realize  what  nice 
profits  there  are  in  the  cultivation  of  tomatoes,  will  plant  a 
much  larger  crop  next  season.  Mr.  Wallenmeyer  says  that 
he  has  been  informed  there  will  be  a  good  many  new  can¬ 
neries  opened  along  Green  and  Barren  Rivers,  in  Western 
Kentucky,  during  the  coming  year  to  take  care  of  the  great 
quantities  of  fruit  that  is  raised  in  that  section  of  the  country. 

Big  Shipment  of  Tomatoes  Here — The  steamer  Lena  May 
arrived  in  Evansville  on  Saturday,  October  30th,  with  4,000 
cases  of  tomatoes  from  the  plants  of  the  Pocket  Packet  Com¬ 
pany,  of  this  city,  the  plants  being  located  at  Calhoun,  Ky., 
and  other  points.  This  was  the  first  of  40,000  cases  that  were 
put  up  by  the  company  this  year,  and  these  will  be  disposed 
of  by  Henry  B.  Walker,  the  receiver  for  the  company,  for  the 
benefit  of  the  1,600  creditors  of  the  company.  The  company 
a  few  weeks  ago  filed  a  petition  in  bankruptcy  in  the  Federal 
Court  here,  and  Mr.  Walker  was  appointed  receiver  to 
straighten  out  the  affairs  of  the  company,  which  is  composed 
mostly  of  local  capitalists.  Most  of  the  creditors  of  the  con¬ 
cern  are  farmers  who  had  contracted  to  raise  tomatoes  for  the 
company  this  year.  The  liabilities  of  the  company  are  less 
than  the  assets,  and  the  company  may  be  able  to  get  on  its 
feet  and  start  in  business  again  by  the  beginning  of  next 
spring.  The  company  had  planned  to  erect  a  number  of  can¬ 
neries  in  Southern  Indiana  and  Western  and  Northern  Ken¬ 
tucky, 

Mr.  Persons  Is  Interested — B.  F.  Persons,  of  the  Persons 
&  Scoville  Company,  wholesale  grocers,  of  this  city,  and  omiers 
of  the  Sanitary  Canning  Company,  at  Petersburg,  Ind.,  a  few 
miles  north  of  here,  has  been  elected  president  of  the  Finer 
Spar  Company,  that  is  operating  spar  mines  in  Polk  County, 
Ill.,  a  few  miles  west  of  Evansville. 

Raspberries  on  the  Market — The  ideal  Indian  summer 
weather  that  prevailed  in  most  parts  of  Indiana  until  a  few 
days  ago  caused  many  berry  vines  to  bear  again,  and  raspberries 
and  strawberries,  the  second  crop  of  this  year,  have  been  mar¬ 
keted  in  some  sections  of  the  State.  Raspberries  in  the  north¬ 
ern  part  of  the  State  in  October  is  a  rare  sight,  according  to 
a  report  from  South  Bend,  Ind.,  but  a  number  of  crops  are 
reported  in  that  section  of  the  State,  and  the  quality  of  the 
fruit  was  unusually  fine.  Some  of  the  farmers  in  that  section 
have  also  been  gathering  strawberries  during  the  past  few 
weeks.  The  cold  weather  that  visited  the  State  Tuesday  of 
this  week,  however,  is  believed  to  have  killed  the  fruit.  Sev¬ 
eral  second  crops  of  strawberries  were  reported  from  the  farms 
in  Scott  County,  Ind.  Raspberries  also  were  reported  last  week 
on  several  farms  in  Bartholomew  County,  Ind. 

Embargo  Placed  on  Railroad — Owing  to  the  large  number 
of  sugar  beets  that  have  been  delivered  at  Decatur,  Ind.,  for 
the  Holland-St.  Louis  Sugar  Company,  an  embargo  to  Decatur 
has  been  placed  on  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad.  Farmers  who 
have  raised  beets  are  depositing  them  on  the  ground  at  the 
Pennsylvania  Railroad  depot  at  Hartford  City,  Ind.  The  crop 
raised  in  Blackford  County  is  one  of  the  largest  in  many  years. 

“HOOSIER.” 


THE  CANNING  TRADE. 


30 


THE  CANNING  TRADE. 


will  therefore  be  heated  half  as  rapidly  as  the  latter.  At  every 
moment  while  the  cans  are  being  heated,  the  temperature  of  the 
former  wiil  be  midway  between  the  retort  temperature  and  the 
temperature  of  the  iatter.  The  two  cans  reach  retort  temperature 
at  the  same  time,  yet  during  the  heating  period  the  can  with  the 
higher  initial  temperature  is  always  the  hotter. 

With  products  such  as  peas,  where  heat  passes  quickly  to  the 
center  of  the  can,  this  makes  little  difference  in  the  sterilizing 
value  of  the  process.  Other  products,  such  as  corn,  have  exceed¬ 
ingly  slow  heat  penetration,  and  do  not  reach  retort  temperature 
during  the  entire  process.  In  such  cases,  the  initial  temperature  is 
an  immense  factor  in  the  sterilizing  value  of  the  process.  For 
example,  if  a  No.  2  can  of  corn  with  an  initial  temperature  of  180 
degrees  must  be  processed  for  78  minutes  to  destroy  the  spores  of 
a  certain  organism,  a  process  of  83  minutes  is  necessary  to  kill 
the  same  organism  with  an  initial  temperature  of  160  degrees. 
The  temperature  finally  secured  at  the  center  of  the  can  is  not 
the  first  consideration ;  the  time  during  which  the  can  is  at  a  high 
temperature  is  what  makes  the  process  effective.  If  corn  is  filled 
into  the  can  at  195  degrees  or  200  degrees  and  sealed  and  pro¬ 
cessed  quickly,  the  process  will  be  correspondingly  effective.  It  is 
e\i(lent,  therefore,  that  the  cans  should  be  processed  as  quickly 
as  possible  after  they  are  filled  and  sealed.  In  case  of  a  break¬ 
down  that  will  cause  more  than  momentary  stoppage,  the- partly 
filled  crate  should  be  placed  in  the  retort  and  processed  imme¬ 
diately.  If  the  cans  are  allowed  to  stand  until  the  contents  are 
cooled  appreciably,  the  sterilizing  value  of  the  process  is  materially 
reduced. 

Influence  of  tlie  Size  of  Can  on  Heat  Penetration 

If  two  cans  of  the  same  size  are  filled  with  the  same  product 
at  the  same  temi>eraj;ure  and  processed  in  separate  retorts  at 
different  temperatures,  the  centers  of  the  two  cans  will  reach  the 
temperatures  of  their  respective  retorts  at  the  same  time.  Thus, 


the  can  processed  at  the  higher  temperature  will  heat  more  rapidly 
than  the  other.  .  The  same  relation  exists  here  as  in  cans  taken  at 
different  initial  temperatures  and  processed  together  in  the  same 
retort 

Influence  of  Cooling  Operation  on  Sterilizing  Value  of  Process 
Since  steriiization  is  caused  by  heat  and  the  length  of  heating 
is  an  important  factor,  it  follows  that  rapid  cooling  reduces  the 
sterilizing  value  of  any  particular  process.  Cooling  in  the  industry 
is  rarely  uniform.  It  depepds  on  the  number  of  cans  processed  at 

(Continued  on  page  35) 


FOR  SALE — To  close  an  estate,  the  following  Canning  Ma¬ 
chinery  guaranteed  in  first-class  condition ;  prompt  shipment. 
Quotatiems  promptly  furnished. 

1  Link  Belt  Tomato  Table  and  Conveyor. 

5  Hawkins  Exhaust  Boxes  with  copper  body. 

67  Process  Crates. 

76  Crate  Tops. 

10  Closed  Process  Kettles. 

2  Open  Process  Kettles. 

1  Smith  Kraut  Cutter. 

2  Pulp  Machines. 

1  Sprague  Catsup  Finisher. 

3  Monitor  Bean  Cutters. 

2  Monitor  Can  Fillers. 

1  6-pocket  Corn  Cooker-Filler. 

2  Plunger  Fillers  for  Tomato  Paste,  etc. 

1  Kern  Pulp  Finisher. 

2  Monitor  Tomato  Scalders. 

2  Pea)  Hullers. 

A.  K.  Robins  &  Co.,  Baltimore,  Md. 


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32 


THE  CAHKING  TRADE, 


PVBUSHSD  SVBT  MONDAY  BY 


THE  TRADE  COMPANY 

▲.  I.  JxniQE, . Manager  and  Editor 

Baltimore  and  Commerce  Sta.,  Baltimore,  Md. 

Telephone  St  Paul  2698 

The  Canning  Tbaoe  Is  the  oviy  paper  published  exclusiyely 
in  the  interest  of  the  Canned  Food  Packers  of  the  United  States 
and  Canada.  Now  in  its  44th  Year. 


TEBHS  OF  BUBSCRlPnON. 

Payable  in  advance,  on  receipt  of  bill.  Sample  <xvy  free. 

One  year, . |3.00 

Canada, . 14.00 

Foreign, . $5.00 

Extra  copies,  when  <«  hand,  10  Cents  each. 

Aovebtising  Rates. — According  to  space  and  location. 

Make  all  Drafts  or  Money  Orders  payable  to  The  Trade  Co. 
Address  all  communications  to  The  Trade  Co.,  Baltimore,  Md. 


Packers  are  invited  and  requested  to  use  the  coiumns  of  The 
Canning  Trade  for  inquiries  and  discussions  among  themselves  on 
all  matters  pertaining  to  their  business. 


Business  communications  from  all  sections  are  desired,  but 
anonymous  letters  will  be  ignored.  A.  I.  JUDGE,  Slditor. 


Entered  at  Postofflce,  Baltimore,  Md.,  as  secondrclass  mail  matter 


BALTIMORE.  MONDAY,  NOVEMBER  8,  1920 


EDITORIAL  JOTTINGS 

The  answer  on  last  Tuesday  was  certainly  definite  enough 
— as  definite  as  the  political  campaign  had  been  indefinite  and 
unsatisfactory — so  now  let’s  get  down  to  business.  If  there  is 
anything  in  majorities,  the  business  men  of  the  country  have 
what  they  want,  and  we  should  now  be  able  to  breeze  along 
at  full  speed. 


Yet  there  is  a  good  deal  of  hesitation,  doubt  and  actual 
fear  in  the  actions,  if  not  the  hearts,  of  business  men.  So 
far  as  the  canned  foods  industry  is  concerned,  this  should 
all  be  cast  aside.  This  industry  has  gone  through  its  read¬ 
justment  operations,  and  has  the  advantage,  in  that  respect,  of 
all  other  lines.  Two  years  ago  the  canners  began  to  suffer 
from  low  prices  and  the  loss  of  profits;  last  yqar — that  is, 
the  season  just  passed — the  growers  joined  them  in  this  un¬ 
happy  condition,  and  at  present  the  retailers,  and,  perhaps, 
some  of  the  wholesalers — speaking  always  of  canned  foods — 
are  now  feeling  the  effects  of  these  lowering  prices  and  pos¬ 
sible  loss  of  profits.  So,  we  say,  this  industry,  from  the  man¬ 
ufacturer  to  the  retailer,  has  about  completed  its  penetential 
season,  and  we  may,  therefore,  expect  it  to  come  out  onto 
the  broad  road  of  better  conditions. 


And  everything  is  set  for  this  considerable  improvement 
for  the  canners.  The  carry-over  of  old  goods  into  the  1920 
season  has  largely  disappeared,  or  is  so  small  as  to  be  un¬ 
worthy  of  special  notice.  The  packs  of  this  season  have  not 
been  larger  than  needed  for  a  normal  demand  at  fair  prices, 
and  some  of  them  are  far  below  normal.  Fair  prices  are  now 
prevailing,  and,  left  to  its  natural  course,  the  market  would 
right  itself  and  clean  out  before  another  packing  season  can 
arrive. 


But  it  will  not  have  to  depend  upon  natural  conditions 
of  demand  for  canned  foods  to  remove  this  year’s  packs.  The 
market  will  find  two  powerful  allies  this  fall  and  winter  in  a 
very  much  improved  quality  of  goods,  as  a  whole,  and  a  big 
advertising  campaign  urging  greater  consumption  of  this  prod¬ 
uct.  The  good  quality  alone,  added  to  the  strong  market  con¬ 
dition  and  better  retailing  prices,  would  be  more  than  suffi¬ 
cient  to  put  the  market  back  into  good  shape.  When  the 
big  advertising  campaign  to  the  consumers,  urging  the  use 
of  canned  foods  and  telling  them  how  good  they  are  and  to 
buy  them,  begins  on  January  Ist,  it  will  make  practically  cer¬ 
tain  the  best  year  the  canners  have  ever  faced.  It  will  clean 
off  the  market  every  case  of  worthy  canned  foods  long  before 
another  case  can  be  packed,  and  before  next  spring’s  planting 
time  comes  around  every  canner  will  be  aware  of  this — and  do 
you  think  any  one  of  them  will  not  be  anxious  to  get  his  fac¬ 
tory  into  fine  shape  for  the  1921  packing  Leason?  If  you  do, 
you  do  not  know  the  canners. 

The  lower  prices  for  canned  foods,  coupled  with  the  im¬ 
proved  quality  and  backed  by  the  advertising,  means  an  abso¬ 
lutely  clean  market  next  spring.  The  one  solitary  cloud  in 
the  horizon  is  the  possible  attitude  of  the  growers.  But  by 
the  time  spring  comes  around  they  will  be  in  a  very  much 
better  frame  of  mind,  and  ready  and  willing  to  co-operate 
with  the  canners,  as  their  best  allies  and  friends. 


There  is  a  boom  year  ahead  of  us,  and  the  supply  men 
who  are  counting  otherwise  are  making  a  serious  error.  They 
have  not  studied  the  situation  rightly.  It  will  not  be  a  year 
of  excessive  profits,  but  it  will  be  a  year  of  good  business; 
and  it  will  not  be  a  year  when  the  seller  of  canners’  supplies 
can  sit  back  and  wait  for  the  buyer  to  come  to  him.  We  have 
passed  the  day,  in  every  line  of  business,  when  the  seller 
could  ignore  the  buyer,  and  we  have  come  back  to  the  time 
when  efforts  to  induce  business  must  be  used.  It  will  take 
more  effort  to  get  orders  this  ceason  than  for  the  past  four 
years,  but  the  efforts,  if  properly  directed,  will  produce  en¬ 
tirely  satisfactory  results. 


Possibly  we  can  illustrate  this  best  by  saying  that  this 
is  the  time  to  advertise,  to  push  hard  for  business,  to  use  every 
ffeort,  and  decidedly  not  the  time  to  relax  selling  efforts.  The 
inconsistencies  of  human  nature  are  well  shown  in  the  fact 
that  when  business  is  good,  orders  plentiful  and  easy  to  get, 
men  advertise  most  freely;  whereas,  common  sense  will  surely 
advise  the  greatest  advertising  effort  when  orders  are  scarce 
and  hard  to  get. 


If  other  commercial  lines  were  facing  an  immense  adver¬ 
tising  campaign  such  as  the  National  Canners’  Association  will 
put  on  with  the  beginning  of  the  new  year,  every  individual 
w^ould  have  his  plans  well  laid  to  gather  to  himself  a  good 
share  of  the  big  business  that  will  be  created.  To  do  this 
their  campaigns  of  advertising  would  now  be  mapped  out  and 
ready  to  launch;  they  would  take  every  advantage  of  the  gen¬ 
eral  advertising  to  make  business  for  themselves.  And  this 
is  as  it  should  be,  for  it  would  assist  the  general  campaign. 
The  public  will  look  for  just  such  advertising.  But  how  many 
canners  have  even  given  that  a  thought? 


THE  CANNING  TRADE. 


88 


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THE  CANNING  TRADE 

Baltimora  &  Commerea  Sta. 
Baltimora,  Md. 


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More  Pulp 

and  a  Better  Quality 

The  test  of  a  cooking  coil  comes  with  the  report  on  a  day’s 
production  and  the  grading  of  the  product.  Most  any 
coil  will  produce  your  product  if  given  enough  attention  and 
an  indefinite  allowance  of  cooking  time.  But  quick  cooking 
and  high  grade  product  were  never  secured  simultaneously 
until  Langsenkamp 

KOOK-MORE-COILS 

were  perfected.  There  was  always  that  sticking  and  scorching- 
always  that  interminable  scrubbing  and  cleaning  of  corners 
and  crevices,  nipples  and  elbows-al  ways,  thru  wasted  cleaning 
time  and  slower  cooking  capacity,  the  small  daily  output 
and  in  many  instances,  a  low  grade  of  pulp. 

Kook-More  Koils  eliminate  all  this  lost  motion  and 
wasted  effort  in  cooking.  They  conserve  time  and  labor 
and  increase  production.  They  have  practically  doubled 
the  cooking  capacity  of  dozens  of  canning  plants  without  the 
addition  of  a  single  tank. 

The  successful  performance  of  KOOK-MORE-KOILS 
are  a  result  of  a  successful  effort  to  combine  simplicity  and 
efilciency  in  cooking  equipment. 

You  should  learn  how  Kook-More-Koils  will  help  your 
plant  make  more  money  next  season.  Write  us  today  for 
facts. 

Other  LANSENKAMP  Products: — Copper  Steam  Jac¬ 
keted  Kettles,  Standard  Continuous  Agitating  Cookers, 
Rotary  Washers,  Tomato  Crushers,  Sanitary  Desectiable 
Pumps,  Sorting  Tables,  Syrupers,  Feed  Water  Heaters, 
Steam  Traps,  Gasoline  Fire  Pots,  Brass  Handy  Gate  Valves 
and  Enameled  Lined  Pipe.  A  request  will  secure  complete 
information  on  your  needs. 


F.  H.  LANGSENKAMP 

INDIANAPOLIS,  INDIANA 


[attini  Rifnttitathte 

S.  0.  RAHOALL’S  SON 
Baltimore,  Md. 


Wcttini  Ripristitativt 

ANDERSON- 
BARNGROVER  MFG.CO. 
San  Jose,  Cal. 


34 


THE  CANNING  TRADE, 


Let  the  first  retailers  wal^  into  a  wholesale  grocer’s  and 
ask  for  canned  foods  with  the  Seal  on  them,  and  you  will  see 
that  wholesaler  start  at  once  to  find  out  what  canners  are 
packing  goods  under  the  Seal.  There  will  be  a  rush  to  learn 
who  is  in  the  inspection  and  advertising  movement;  who  has 
such  goods.  And  where  will  they  find  the  answer?  In  other 
words,  this  advertising  campaign  will  set  the  wholesalers  after 
certified  goods — in  answer  to  public  demand — ^and  it  remains 
for  the  canners  to  tell  them  that  they  pack  certified  goods 
and  are  able  to  supply  spots  if  they  have  them,  or  to  take 
care  of  futures  in  the  coming  year.  That  demand  is  as  cer¬ 
tain  as  that  the  months  of  1921  will  come,  and  the  canners 
must  meet  that  demand,  answer  that  Inquiry,  by  individually 
advertising  the  fact  that  they  are  in  the  Inspection  and  Ad¬ 
vertising  scheme.  The  National  Canners’  Association  merely 
tells  the  consumers  to  eat  more  canned  foods — but  to  eat  Cer¬ 
tified  canned  foods.  It  cannot  advertise  the  individual’s  busi¬ 
ness.  He  must  do  that  himself.  But  he  ought  to  he  glad  to 
do  it.  The  Association  does  the  bulk  of  the  work — creates 
the  demand — and  the  canner  merely  has  to  indicate  that  he 
is  in  position  to  fill  it.  The  canner  who  cannot  see  his  oppor¬ 
tunity  in  that  is  indeed  blind. 


This  does  not  mean  an  extensive  campaign  of  advertising 
by  the  individual  canner.  He  needs  only  tell  the  wholesaler 
that  he  is  a  packer  of  Certified  canned  foods,  to  put  his  name 
and  brands  permanently  before  all  wholesalers;  but  he  must 
do  that. 

The  question  of  advertising  is  new  to  most  canners,  and 
they  will  do  well  to  proceed  carefully.  The  big  campaign  will 
hardly  be  well  under  way  before  shrewd  advertising  agencies 
will  beset  the  canners  with  ways  and  means  of  advertising 
their  goods;  but,  as  we  have  stated,  for  the  average  canner 
there  is  no  need  of  a  big  advertising  campaign  at  heavy  ex¬ 
pense.  He  can  reach  the  wholesale  grocers  easily  with  a 
statement  of  the  goods  he  packs,  the  name  of  his  brands  and 
the  fact  that  the  goods  bear  the  Seal  of  Certification,  and  in 
a  permanent,  lasting  way,  and  at  small  expense,  and  that  is 
all  that  is  necessary,  at  least  for  the  present. 


Label  Pastes  for  Canners 

TINNOL— The  only  strictly  neutral  Paste  for  labellntc  on  tin  It 
sticks  on  lacquered  or  plain  tin.  It  prevents  rust  spots.  It  does  not 
affect  the  most  delicate  colors.  It  does  not  warp  or  wrinkle  the  paper. 
It  keeps  sweet  in  any  weather.  All  ready  for  use  as  we  ship  it. 

Packed  in  SO-gal.  bbls.;  25  gal.  bbls.;  10  gal.  kegs:  5  gal.  kegs:  2 
gal.  pails:  1  gal  pails. 

ARABOL  LABELING  MACHINE  PASTE— An  adhesive  of  ex¬ 
traordinary  merit.  Much  stronger  than  flour  paste.  Will  keep  in 
sweet  condition  for  more  than  three  months.  Made  especially  for  the 
KNAPP.  BURT  and  MORRAL  machines  and  ail  machines  using  flour 
paste. 

Packed  in  SO-gal.  bbls  :  25-gal.  bbls. :  10-gal.  kegs:  5-gal  kegs:  2-gal. 
pails:  1-gal.  pails. 


LIQUID  PICK-UP  GLUE— A  clean  and  hlghlr  concentrated  adhes¬ 
ive.  ready  for  use  on  the  BURT  and  KNAPP  or  similar  machines  for 
difficult  or  varnished  labels 

Packed  in  SO-gal.  bbls. :  25-gal.  bbls  :  10-gal.  kegs:  5-gaI  kegs:  2-gal. 
pails:  1-gal.  pails. 


MACHINE  GUM— For  labeling  on  Glass  and  Wood.  Will  resist 
moisture  and  keep  your  labels  where  you  put  them.  Will  not  affect 
gloss  or  stain  delicate  papers.  All  ready  for  use  as  we  ship  it. 

Packed  in  '0-gal.  bbls.:  25-gaI.  bbls. :  10-gal.  kegs:  5-gal  kegs:  2-gaI. 
pails:  1-gal.  pails. 

CONDENSED  PASTE  POWDER— One  yound  will  make  2  gallons 
or  16  pounds  of  pore  white  paste  ready  for  use.  Much  better,  stronger 
and  smoother  than  flour  paste.  Made  in  2  minutes  with  boiling  water 
or  live  steam.  Vq  acids.  Will  not  stain 
the  most  delicate  paper.  Makes  S  times 
as  much  paste,  pound  for  pound,  than  so- 
called  cold  water  pastes.  Can  be  used  on 
KN  A  PP  or  other  labeling  machines,  made 
up  at  the  rate  of  1  lb  powder  to  8  or  10 
lbs.  of  water. 

Packed  in  2'0-lb  bbls.:  150-lb.  bbls.: 
100-lb.  drums:  50-lb.  drums:  2^lb.  drums: 
10-lb.  bags. 

AMERICAN  GOLD  WATER  PASTE 
POWDER— Made  up  in  2  minutes  with 
cold  water.  Three  pounds  make  2  gal¬ 
lons  of  thick  paste. 

Packed  in  300-lb.  bbls.:  100-lb.  drums: 
SO-lb.  drums:  25-lb.  drums:  10-lb.  bags. 
Largest  Paste  and  Gum  Manu¬ 
facturers  in  the  World 

The  Arabol  Manufacturing  Co. 

100  William  St.  Samples  for  Tests  on  Reuuest  New  York 


/ 


LEONARD’S  1920  REPORT 

CANNERS  CONTRACTS  FOR  ALL  VARIETIES  OF 

SEED  PEAS 

DELIVERED  IN  FULL 

Our  customers  have  received  FULL  DELIVERY  on  ALL  their  Pea  contracts  placed  with 
us  this  season.  Many  of  them  are  writing  us  that  our  choice  Wisconsin  grown  Alaska  and 
Sweets  have  yielded  a  larger  and  better  pack  than  any  stocks  they  have  ever  grown  before.  One 
large  Eastern  Canner  has  written  us  that  the  farmers  in  his  locality  will  not  plant  any  Peas  but 
Leonard’s  Wisconsin  stock — they  turned  out  so  much  better  this  year. 

Be  fair  to  your  growers  this  spring.  Give  them  Leonard’s  carefully  rogued  Wisconsin 
grown  Seed  Peas  to  grow  for  you. 

We  have  a  limited  surplus  of  some  varieties — write  us  for  prices  and  samples  and  when 
you  are  ready — place  your  growing  contracts  with  us. 


LEONARD  SEED  COMPANY  Chicago,  111. 


tHfe  CANNING  TRADE. 


86 


one  time  and  on  the  amount  of  water  run  through  the  cooling  tank. 
Both  of  these  conditions  are  likely  to  vary. 

In  air  cooling,  cans  which  are  well  ventilated  cool  mudi  more 
rapidly  than  those  which  are  boxed  up  while  hot  or  left  in  a  large 
pile.  When  cans  are  allowed  to  cool  in  a  crate,  the  cans  at  the 
bottom  of  the  crate  cool  first,  and  a  considerably  longer  time  is 
necessary  to  cool  the' upper  tier. 

Variations  in  cooling  are  so  great  that  it  is  best,  when  deciding 
on  the  length  of  a  process,  to  assume  that  the  cans  will  be  cooled 
as  rapidly  as  possible.  It  is  not  safe  to  shorten  the  cook  and 
count  on  cooling  slowly  enough  to  maintain  a  high  temperature 
and  insure  sterilization.  When  this  is  done  an  occasional  crate 
of  cans  may  he  cooled  more  rapidly  than  the  others,  and  the  pro¬ 
cess  be  Insufficient. 

Influence  of  Ccmsistency  on  Heat  Penetration 

Heat  penetration  is  most  rapid  in  products  that  consist  of  or 
are  surrounde<l  by  water,  or  a  thin  syrup  or  brine.  The  addition 
of  products  that  form  true  solutions,  such  as  sugar  and  salt,  in 
concentrations  used  in  canned  fruits  and  vegetables  does  not 
greatly  retard  heat  penetration.  Products  such  as  peas,  which 
consist  of  small  round  particles  that  are  not  cooked  to  pieces,  per¬ 
mit  the  movement  of  heat  by  means  of  convection  currents  almost 
as  quickly  as  water. 

Products  that  soften  when  heated  sp  that  they  pack  together, 
and  products  that  are  cooked  to  pieces  during  the  process,  make 
the  solution  somewhat  viscous  and  retard  heat  penetration.  If 
the  pieces  of  insoluble  material  are  somewhat  larger,  like  beets 
and  large  plums,  they  delay  the  heating  of  th  eliquor,  which  does 
not  reach  retort  temperature  until  the  pieces  are  heated  to  the 
center. 

Products  like  spinacli  pack  together  closely  when  the  can  is 
well  filled,  and  interfere  with  the  movement  of  convection  cur¬ 
rents.  Increasing  the  fill  of  spinach  greatly  delays  heat  pene¬ 
tration  and  calls  for  an  increase  of  process. 

By  reference  to  Figure  11  it  is  seen  that  an  increase  of  the 
amount  of  starch  in  solution  retards  heat  penetration  until  a 
solution  of  ab<  ut  6  per  cent  is  secured.  Beyond  that,  increasing 
the  amount  of  starch  does  not  materially  infiuence  heat  penetra¬ 
tion. 

The  consistency  of  starchy  products  have  no  free  liquor  does 
not  greatly  infiuence  heat  penetration.  Corn  of  a  very  heavy  body 
beats  to  the  center  of  the  can  as  quickly  as  com  of  medium  con¬ 
sistency.  If  the  com  were  very  sloppy,  the  heat  penetration  would 
be  somewhat  more  rapid,  but  it  is  not  affected  by  variations 
within  the  limits  of  gooid  commercial  practice. 

The  same  is  true  with  such  products  as  pumpkin,  squash  and 
tomato  pulp,  which  are  broken  up  by  means  of  steam  and  by 
mechanical  appliances  so  that  the  insoluble  matter  is  very  finely 
divided.  These  products  act  to  some  extent  like  starch,  and  their 
consistency  does  not  greatly  influence  heat  penetration. 

Processing  in  Dry  Bteam  and  Under  Water 

There  appears  to  be  no  appreciable  difference  in  the  heat  pene¬ 
tration  of  cans  processed  under  water  and  those  processed  in 
dry  steam  if  the  conditions  are  otherwise  the  same.  If  the  crates 
of  mus  are  lowered  into  a  retort  partially  filled  with  cold  water, 
the  temperature  of  the  cans  will  be  reduced  and  heat  penetration 
during  subsequent  processing  will  be  retarded.  On  the  other  hand, 
if  the  water  into  which  the  crates  are  lowered  is  boiling,  the 
temperature  of  those  cans  will  be  higher  when  the  retort  is  closed 
and  heat  penetration  will  be  accelerated.  The  difference  in  the 
temperature  of  the  water  in  the  retorts  is  probably  responsible  in 
part  for  the  divergence  of  opinion  among  canners  regarding  the 
relative  efficiency  of  processing  in  dry  steam  and  under  water. 
The  work  done  thus  far  by  this  laboratory  would  indicate  there  is 
no  appreciable  difference  in  the  efficiency  of  the  two  methods. 

Temperature  at  Different  Parte  of  tbe  Retort 

In  working  with  a  large  sterilizer  used  for  processing  evapo¬ 
rated  milk  it  was  found  that  in  processing  with  dry  steam  the 
temperature  at  the  bottom  of  the  sterilizer  was  lower  than  in  the 
top  of  the  sterilizer.  When  hot  water  was  added  to  about  two- 
thirds  the  height  of  the  sterilizer  before  processing,  this  difficulty 
was  obviated. 

With  the  exception  of  the  evaporated  milk  work,  all  experi¬ 
ments  noted  in  this  bulletin  were  made  in  the  vertical  retort  com¬ 
monly  used  in  the  Fastern  and  Central  States,  and  in  all  cases  the 
retorts  were  well  bled.  Under  such  circumstances  no  differences 
could  be  detected  in  the  temperature  at  different  parte  of  the 
retort.  Even  in  sterilizing  No.  1  cans  of  corn,  the  cans  at  the 
center  of  the  crate  seem  to  beat  as  rapidly  as  the  cans  at  the 
outside,  and  no  difference  could  be  detected  between  cans  that 
were  stacked  solid  and  those  thrown  into  the  crate  promiscuously. 
This  was  true  whether  the  processing  was  done  in  dry  steam  Or 
submerged  in  water.  With  milk  the  case  was  somewhat  different. 
It  Is  the  custom  in  processing  evaporated  milk  to  place  each  row 
of  cans  in  a  metal  tray  so  that  a  solid  sheet  of  metal  extends  be¬ 


tween  each  two  tiers  of  cans.  This  method  of  handling  may  pre¬ 
vent  to  some  extent  the  penetration  of  heat  to  the  center  of  the 
cage,  and  may  explain  in,  pert  the  necessity  for  hot  water  in  milk 
sterilizers,  ^aporated  milk  is  processed  in  a  cage  that  is  rotated 
and  thus  mixes  the  water  that  surrounds  the  cans.  The  conditions 
are  consequently  somewhat  different  from  those  that  obtain  in 
the  usual  retort  • 

Influence  of  Rotatitm  on  Heat  Penetration 

Agitating  cookers,  in  whicdi  cans  are  rotated  on  their  own 
axes,  are  now  largely  used  in  the  industry  for  processing  some 
pro«tucts.  With  some  products  they  greatly  increase  heat  pene¬ 
tration  ;  with  others  they  do  not  Products  that  consist  of  a  clear 
liquor  and  solids  whose  interstices  are  filled  with  such  a  luiuor, 
heat  rapidly  to  the  center  of  the  can  by  reason  of  the  free  move¬ 
ment  of  convection  currents.  Where  the  insoluble  matter  is  in 
relatively  small  particles,  as  in  the  case  of  peas,  beat  penetration 
is  not  greatly  increased  by  the  use  of  a  rotating  cooker.  Such 
products  as  whole  grain  corn  behave  very  much  like  peas.  Here 
the  free  movement  of  convection  currents  is  prevented  by  the 
viscous  nature  of  the  com,  but  the  grains  of  corn  are  of  small 
size  and  do  not  greatly  assist  in  mixing  when  the  can  is  rotated. 
The  development  of  a  continuous  agitating  cooker  that  would  work 
under  pressure  would  therefore  be  of  little  value  in  shortening 
the  process  of  sudi  products  as  peas  and  whole  grain  com.  Its 
value  with  such  products  would  be  limited  chiefly  to  the  elimina¬ 
tion  of  labor  in  handling  the  cans. 

With  tomatoes  the  case  is  widely  different.  The  tomatoes  act 
as  baffie  plates  and  greatly  assist  in  the  mixing  of  the  contents 
when  the  can  is  rotated  even  at  a  very  slow  rate  of  speed.  With 
spinach  the  same  is  trae.  Spinach  appears  to  cling  together  in 
such  a  way  as  to  act  as  bafile  plates  like  tomatoes  and  thus  assist 
in  mixing.  Some  preliminary  work  has  been  done  on  peaches  cut 
in  halves,  and  it  was  found  that  rotation  even  at  a  low  rate  of 
speed  mixes  the  contents  and  hence  increases  heat  penetration  to  a 
considerable  extent. 

Influence  of  Hent  Penetntion  cm  Sterilization  of  Canned  Foods 

Bacteria  are  not  necessarily  destroyed  by  heating  a  can  to  a 
specified  temperature.  We  must  also  know  how  long  that  tempera¬ 
ture  was  maintained.  In  the  case  of  products  that  heat  slowly  the 
temperature  of  the  center  of  the  can  during  the  entire  processing 
period  most  be  known.  The  information  thus  secured  is  being 
co-ordinated  with  the  results  of  investigations  of  the  time  neces¬ 
sary  at  various  temperatures  to  kill  resistant  bacteria,  and  also 
with  the  acidity  of  various  kinds  of  food.  Data  on  these  subjects 
are  being  accumulated  rapidly  but  it  will  be  some  time  before  a 
comprehensive  statement  can  be  made.  The  preliminary  method 
of  co-ordinating  the  results  of  our  heat  penetration  studies  with 
the  bacteriological  studies  just  referred  to  is  given  on  pages  119 
and  following. 

Such  methods  of  calculating  are  being  applied  to  all  kinds 
of  foods  and  process  cmiditions  as  fast  as  the  necessary  informa¬ 
tion  is  developed.  As  the  laboratory  work  is  completed,  it  is 
being  confirmed  by  practical  tests  in  commercial  canning  plants. 
In  the  meantime  the  heat  penetration  curves  which  we  present 
should,  be  useful  for  purposes  of  comparison. 

writer  takes  this  occasion  to  express  his  appreciation  to 
his  associates.  Dr.  O.  S.  Bohart  and  Messrs.  A.  C.  Richardson  and 
G  O.  Ball,  for  their  efficient  and  painstaking  work  in  securing  the 
data  on  wbidi  this  bulletin  is  based,  and  also  for  the  material  con¬ 
tributions  each  made  in  develc^ing  the  apparatus. 

Valuable  suggestions  were  received  from  Dr.  L.  H.  Adams 
regarding  the  application  of  the  theory  of  beat  penetration  and 
the  method  of  calculating  lethality  presented  in  the  last  chapter 
of  the  bulletin. 

Courtesies  were  extended  to  ns  by  several  manufacturers  of 
apparatus,  including  Leeds  &  Northrup,  who  manufactured  the 
apparatus  with  which  we  started  and  made  valuable  suggestions 
regarding  its  development;  John  A.  Roebling’s  Sons  Co.,  who 
enameled  esi)ecially  for  ns  the  constantan  wire  used  in  one  of 
the  leads;  and  the  Miller  Rubber  Co.,  who,  with  Inconvenience  to 
themselves,  made  up  in  small  quantities  as  needed  the  rubber 
tubing  that  was  found  to  give  best  results  in  protecting  the  wire 
leads  from  the  steam  and  water  of  the  retort. 

Finally,  several  canning  plants  in  which  the  experiments  were 
made  were  always  helpful,  often  at  their  inconvenience.  Without 
Kuch  cf -operation  the  work  could  not  have  been.” 

The  work  was  done  by  Dr.  W.  D.  Bigelow,  head  of  the  Re¬ 
search  Laboratory,  with  the  collaboration  of  G.  S.  Bohart,  A.  C. 
Ridiardson  and  G.  O.  BalL 

1920  APPLE  CROP 

Opening  apple  prices  for  1920  were  considerably  below 
those  of  1919,  but  in  line  generally  with  prices  in  1918.  Con¬ 
ditions,  also,  are  somewhat  like  those  of  two  years  ago  with 
a  large  Eastern,  Middle  Western  and  Southern  crop  and  a 
[Continned  Next  Week.] 


Wanted  and  For  Sale, 

Thli  la  a  page' that  maat  be  read  each  week  to  be  appreciated.  Ton  are  unlikely  to  be  Intereeted  ^ery  week,  In 
what  ia  offered  here,  but  It  la  poaalble  yon  will  be  a  doaen  timee  in  the  year.  If  you  fall  to  aee  and  accept 
your  opportunity  your  time  la  loet,  together  with  money.  Ratea  upon  application. 

For  Sale — Miscellaneous.  WANTED — ^To  buy,  well  located  Tomato  Cannery; 


FOR  SALE — 20,000  Five-eighths  heavy  brace  baskets. 
Price  on  application.  Address  W.  E.  Robinson  &  Co  , 
Belair,  Md. 

FOR  SALE — 57,000  number  three  standard  enamel 
lined  sanitary  cans.  If  interested,  wire  for  price.  The 
Van  Camp  Packing  Co., 'Indianapolis,  Ind. 

FOR  SALE — One  Oyster  or  Sweet  Potato  Steam 
Chest,  28  in.  x  32  in.  x  10  ft.,  with  four  cars,  in  good  con¬ 
dition.  North  La.  Cang.  Co.,  Box  595  Shreveport,  La. 

FOR  SALE — One  complete  set  of  canning  machin¬ 
ery  and  equipment.  Shall  be  glad  to  furnish  buyers  with 
detailed  list  upon  application.  All  equipment  ready  for 
immediate  delivery.  Address  Box  A-820  care  The  Can¬ 
ning  Trade. 

FOR  SALE — Box  Nailing  Machines. 

6 —  Track  Doig  No.  3  Nailing  Machines  (2),  $475  each. 

7 —  Track  Doig  No.  3  Nailing  Machine,  $500, 

8 —  Track  Doig  No.  4  Nailing  Machines  (2),  $550  each. 

10 — Track  Morgan  Nailing  Machine,  $700. 

Chas.  N.  Braun  Machinery  Co.,  Ft.  Wayne,  Ind. 

FOR  SALE — For  immediate  shipment.  One  110-gal¬ 
lon  Copper  Steam  .Jacket  Kettle  with  outlet  and 
Iron  Stand;  Two  60-gallon,  with  2"  outlet  and  Iron 
Stand;  One  5-gallon,  One  3j^-gallon,  One  2-gallon  and 
One  20-gallon  Tilting  Kettle,  all  tested  to  175  lb.  pressure. 
Ahlers  &  Gregoire,  Louisville,  Ky. 

For  Sale— Maehinery. 

FOR  SALE — In  stock  for  immediate  shipment — 
Boilers,  Engines,  Pumps,  Tanks  and  Stacks;  new  and  re¬ 
built.  Address  Louis  A.  Tarr,  Inc.,  203  W.  Conway  St., 
Baltimore,  Md. 

FOR  SALE — One  new  Korn-N-Seal,  type  CK  Semi- 
Automatic  Capping  Machine  for  No.  1  and  No.  2  size 
seals,  $150.00.  One  used  25-ft.  Iron  Tower  (for  1000  gal. 
tank),  very  good  condition,  $150.  Both  f.o.b.  our  factory. 
Address  Greenabaum  Bros.,  Inc.,  Seaford,  Del. 

Wanted— Miscellaneous . 

WANTED — To  buy  for  prompt  delivery,  a  No.  28 
Victoria  Potato  Peeler.  Box  1132  Richmond,  Va. 

WANTED — Several  100  gal.  steam  jacketed  copper 
kettles.  Also  power  scrap  metal  baler.  Blanke  Baer 
Ext.  &  Pres.  Co.,  1710  Morgan  St.,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

WANTED — One  second-hand  Labeling  Machine, 
adjustable  for  No.  2,  2^^  and  No.  3  cans.  For  immediate 
shipment.  Address  Quitman  Packing  Co.,  Quitman,  Ga. 


Eastern  Shore  of  Maryland  or  Delaware  preferred.  State 
price,  capacity  and  average  acreage  procurable  during 
past  three  years.  Address  Box  A-815,  care  of  The  Can¬ 
ning  Trade. 

For  Sale— Factories 

FOR  SALE — Canning  Factory,  Jessup,  Maryland — 
B.  &  O.  R.  R. ;  15  miles  from  Baltimore — including  large 
two-story  warehouse,  good  sheds,  also  two  large  houses 
for  employees.  Two  and  one-quarter  acres  of  ground, 
wagon  scale,  two  boilers,  two  engines,  two  good  large 
wells,  water  tanks,  steam  and  water  piping.  Plant  wired 
for  electric  light.  Attractive  price.  Tomatoes,  stringless 
beans,  peas,  sweet  potatoes,  etc.,  can  be  contracted  for  in 
immediate  neighborhood.  Address  Chas.  G.  Summers 
&  Co.,  Baltimore,  Md. 

FOR  SALE — A  well  equipped  cannery,  favorably 
situated.  Capacity  equal  to  thousand  cases  No.  2  cans 
per  day.  Owners  unable  to  give  personal  attention.  Will 
either  sell  their  entire  interest  in  the  plant  or  one-half  or 
three-fourths  interest,  retaining  one-fourth  interest.  Ad- 
drss  Box  A-814,  care  of  The  Canning  Trade. 

EMPLOYMENT  EXCHANGE. 

SITUATIONS  WANTED. 

WANTED — Position  by  married  man,  age  38  years.  Has  super¬ 
intended  canning  factory  for  past  5  years.  Acted  as  Salesman 
for  10  years.  Open  now  for  position.  Can  furnish  good  references. 
Address  Box  B-817,  care  of  The  Canning  Trade. 

WANTED — Position  as  Manager  for  large  canning  com¬ 
pany.  Toung  man  with  eight  years  experience,  now  connected 
with  large  cannery,  hut  desires  a  change.  Open  for  employ¬ 
ment  January  1.  References  exchanged.  Address  Box  B-812 
care  The  Canning  Trade. 

WANTED — Position  as  Sales  Manager,  with  large  canning 
company  or  canned  .foods  department  of  up-to-date  brokerage 
house.  At  present  sales  manager  of  large  canning  company, 
and  desire  change  for  personal  reasons.  All  replies  in  strict 
confidence.  Must  he  worth  while  proposition  or  do  not  waste 
time  writing.  'Address  Box  B-803,  care  the  Canning  Trade. 

WANTED — To  get  In  touch  with  parties  desiring  the  serv¬ 
ices  of  a  suj;)erintendent;  have  had  over  25  years’  experience 
packing  full  line  of  canned  fruits  and  vegetables,  Jellies  and 
jams,  marmalades.  Capable  of  building  and  equipping  and 
remodeling  plants  to  handle  produce  to  best  advantage.  I  am 
open  for  engagement  at  once,  with  a*  progressive  company 
where  my  ability  and  services  will  be  appreciated.  Permanent 
position  desired  with  growing  plant.  All  replies  treated  con¬ 
fidentially.  Best  of  references  furnished.  Address  Box  B-822, 
care  of  The  Canning  Trade. 


THE  CANNING  TltADfi. 


87 


“  WANTED — Position  as 'manager  bf  canning  com¬ 
pany  by  young  man  now  holding  same  position  with 
large  company,  but  wishes  to  change.  Seven  years  ex¬ 
perience  managing  plants  packing  a  full  line  of  fruits  and 
vegetables.  Open  for  position  early  in  new  year.  Refer¬ 
ences  furnished.  Address  Box  B-819  care  The  Canning 
Trade. 


HELP  WANTED. 


WANTED — Superintendent  wanted  for  Can  Making  Plant. 
One  who  thoroughly  understands  making  of  square  double 
seamed  oil  cans;  state  experience  and  salary  desired.  Address 
Box  B-823,  care  of  The  Canning  Trade. 

WANTED — Jan.  1,  1921.  A  flrst-class  Man  as  Superintendent 
of  one  of  the  largest  and  best  located  pea  and  com  canning  fac¬ 
tories  in  Wisconsin.  Must  be  a  proven  executive  and  have  record 
as  “Fancy”  packer.  Address  Box  B-816,  care  The  Canning  Trade. 


WANTED — A  young  man  experienced  in  packing  peas, 
corn,  berries,  Bartlett  pears,  etc.,  as  superintendent.  When 
replying  give  age,  whether  married  or  single,  number  years 
experience,  references  previous  employer  and  salary  desired. 
Address  Box  B-818,  care  the  Canning  Trade. 


WANTED — Food  Chemist,  executive  experience  in 
analysis,  research,  formulating,  factory  control,  installation  of 
machinery,  calculation  of  costs  in  canning  and  preserving  fac¬ 
tory.  Correspondence  solicited.  Address  Box  B-281,  care  of 
The  Canning  Trade. 


WANTED — Mechanical  man  thoroughly  familiar  with  all  de¬ 
tails  of  can  manufacturing,  desires  position  as  factory  manager 
or  superintendent  of  can  plant  manufacturing  Sanitary  or  Soldered 
cans,  also  evaporated  and  condensed  milk  cans.  Capable  of  in¬ 
stalling,  organizing  and  operating  successfully.  Maximum  produc¬ 
tion  at  minimum  costs.  Thirty-four  years  of  age,  married,  willing 
to  locate  anywhere  4n  the  United  States  or  abroad.-  Address  Box 
B-825,  care  of  the  Canning  Trade. 


WANTED — An  experienced  man  as  superintendent  in  a 
Baltimore  canning  factory.  Liberal  pay  to  the  right  man. 
Address  Box  B-824,  care  of  The  Canning  Trade. 


.  WANTED — A  thoroughly  competent  Process  man,  who  Is 
familiar  with  packing  the  Southern  Sweet  Potato.  None  other 
need  apply  Must  be  on  the  ground  ready  for  work  by  Septem¬ 
ber  18th.  Address  Quitman  Packing  Co.,  Quitman,  Oa. 


WANTED — High-class  Representative  for  a  large  packing 
bouse  to  co-operate  with  and  handle  wholesale  grocery  trade. 
Man  familiar  with  Canned  Goods  preferred.  Corre^xmdence 
treated  strictly  confidential.  Permanent  position.  State  age,  ex¬ 
perience  and  salary  to  start.  Address  Box  B-811,  care  the  Can¬ 
ning  Trade. 


WANTED — A  man  expert  in  the  handling  of  all  canning 
machinery  to  go  to  South  Africa.  Also  an  expert  can  maker 
who  thoroughly  understands  the  operation  of  a  modem  sani¬ 
tary  can  making  plant.  Good  salary  and  one  or  two  years  con¬ 
tract  to  men  furnishing  satisfactory  references.  Apply  prompt¬ 
ly,  A  Schlesinger  &  Son,  10  Wall  St.,  New  York  City. 


WANTED — A  wide-awake  man  who,  KNOWS  how  to  set 
up,  operate  and  keep  in  good  condition,  body  locker,  double- 
seamer,  fioater,  etc.,  set  dies  in  presses  and  keep  both  dies  and 
presses  in  good  condition.  One  who  will  appreciate  a  good 
position  and  honest,  man  to  man  treatment,  and  will  recipro¬ 
cate  with  faithful  co-operation.  A  REAL  MAN.  If  you  fill 
this  description,  write  to  David  Stem,  38  Washington  St., 
North  Boxton  14,  Mass.,  stating  your  experience  in  full,  telling 
why  you  ought  to  have  this  position. 


JEROME  B.  RICE  SEED  CO. 

CAMBRIDGE,  N.  Y. 

-  We  are  headquarters  for  the  best  of  everything  in 

S  -  E  -  E  -  D  -  S 

used  by  .Canners  Everywhere 


88 


THE  CANNING  TRADE. 


DEPENDABLE  PAINT 

ifl  that  which  gives  many  years  of  service.  It  should 
be  brought  on  this  basis  of  service  rather  than  the 
price  per  gallon. 

DIXON’S  SIUCA-GRAPHITE  PAINT 

has  an  enviable  reputation  for  long  service  and  satis¬ 
fied  users  in  ail  parts  of  the  world  and  on  all  types  of 
structures. 

Because  of  its  pigment,  fiake  silica-graphite  com¬ 
bined  by  liature — it  is  better  enabled  to  withstand 
wear  and  deteriorating  agents  such  as  dampness,  acids, 
alkalies,  etc.  The  vehicle  is  the  best  linseed  oil  ob¬ 
tainable. 

Yon  will  be  interested  in  Booklet  No.  131  B  and  our 
new  Color  Chart.  Write  for  them  to-day. 

JOSEPH  DIXON  CROCIOLE  COMPANY 


JERSEY  CITY,  N.  J. 
EstaUlshMl  1827 


THE 

MAHUFACTURE 

OF 

TOMATO 

PROOUCTS 


- -  By  W.  a.  HIBR 

former  chief  chemist  and  district  factory  supervisorof  the 
T.  A.  Snider  Preserve  Go.  of  Chicago. 

An  up-to  date  book  completely  covering  the  manu¬ 
facture  of  whole  tomato  pulp,  catsup,  chili  sauce,  tomato 
soup  and  trimming  pulp. 


New  Processes 
Complete  fennnles 
ANEW,  simple,  eccnimte, 
pulp  testing  mediod. 

Tbe  scientific  preparation 
of  non-pr as  errative  cat¬ 
sup. 


BottHng  the  same  with¬ 
out  site  steriliaatioa. 

How  to  pack  trimming 
pulp  the  goremment  will 
approve. 

Twelve  chapters  of  solid 
meat — no  trimmings. 


tS.OO  POSTPAID 
CASH  WITH  THE  ORDER 
ORDER  THROUGH  “Thn  Canning  Trade" 


Timi  (uorni) 


Eureka  Soldering  Flux 


YOU  DO  NOT  EXPERIMENT  WHEN  . 

YOU  USE  THIS  FLUX. 
THE  STANDARD  FOR  TWENTY  YEARS. 


MADE  PROM  BEST  RAW  MATERIALS 
UNDER  PROPER  FORMULA. 


QUALITY  ALWAYS  THE  SAME. 


Nsw  York 
Clndnnsttl.  Ohio 
Biimliighsm.  Ala. 
Dstroit.  Hieh. 


—  MAimrAorDau)  only  by  — 


THE  QRASSELLI  CHEMICAL  COMPANY 


M/UR  OFFICS  CLRVILAlfD.  OHIO 
foa  BALK  AY  roLLOwnte  BBAMonm  axd  AaaMoim 
Boston,  Msss.  HUwsakss.  Wise.  8.  O.  RandsU's  Bon 

Chieaco,  8t.  Paul.  Htim.  BaMmots 

Bt.  Lonls,  Mo.  Phlladalphla.  Pa.  C.  W.  Pika  Oomsanr 

Msw  Orlsans,  La  Fittshorfh,  Fa.  Baa  lYansiaeo 


CBTtTU  (BBT) 
MIB.CAB8 
II  LB.  CABS 


THE  OEABBKLU  CHEMICAL  CO.,  LTD. 
Toronto,  Ont.  Moatraal,  Qm. 

Hamiltoa,  Ont. 


Angelas  Sanitaiy  Can  Mach.  Co. 

High  Speed  Automatic  Can  Making 
and  Canning  Machinery 
282  San  Fernando  Boulevard  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


ICBS 


Prices  i^en  represent  the  lowest  figure  generally  quoted  for  lots  of  wholesale  size,  usual  terms  f.  o.  b. 
Baltimore  (unless  otherwise  noted)  and  subject  to  the  customary  discount  for  cash.  ****Many 
canners  get  higher  prices  for  their  goods;  some  few  may  take -less  for  a  personal  reason,  but  these 
prices  reiN’esent  the  general  market  at  this  date. 

Baltimore  flturee  oorreoted  by  thee#  Broken:  (t)Tboe.  J.  Meehan  ft  Go.  (t)Joa.  Zoller  ft  Co.,  Ine.  (i)E.  C.  Shrlner  ft  Co. 
(*)H,  H.  Taylmr  ft  Son.  New  York  pricea  corrected  by  our  apodal  Correapondent. 


CANNED  VBQBTABLBS 

▲BPAKAeU8*-(OaUloniia)  taNa  i 

No.  White  Mammoth-tOnt 

"  “  rooted,  "  . 

**  Oioon,  **  ■ 

**  White,  Largo-  Oat 
••  rooted.  "  -  Out 

Oroon,  "  - 

**  White,  Xodiom...  -.... 

‘  Qtoon,  .4Sa 

White  Bnall  — .- 
"  Oioon  '■ 

npo  White  8q  ... 

"  “  RikI. . 

**  Oroon,  8a....  4  75 
“  “  '*  **  Snd-...  Oat 

■AKZD  BSANBt-No.  1.  Piain- .  « 

"  ”  1.  In  Sanaa- .  » 

"  ••  ••  k  Plain . 1  10 

”  "  “  In  Sanaa . 1 » 

"  ••  “8,  ptein . 1  40 

'*  8.  In  Sanaa- . 1  60 

BBANBt~-No.S  String,  Standard  Oroon  S6 
••  ••  10.  •• 

r  1  ;•  **  Cat  White  96 

”  '  ^  S  StrlngloM,  Std . 1 10 

M  "  10,  ••  "  5  00 

**1  White  Wax  Standard  1  00 
.  ••  “  10,  •• 

~  “1  Limao,>xtia . 

“  ••  ••  Standard! _ 

-  "  8,  "  Soakod . 1 00 

“  8,  Bod  Xidnor.  Stand...  1  36 

BBBTSt — No.  8.  Small,  Whole . 1  46 

“  **8.  Standard."  ............  Ont 

“  "  Largo,  "■  -  — 

"  “8  Ont . -....186 

OOBNt— No.  8.  Std.  Brgr-  f  .o.b.  Balto.  96 
"  Std.  Brgr..  f.  a.  b.  Oo-..  90 

"  Std.  Shoapog  f.  o.  b.  Co.  1  16 

"  *'  StdBhoopocf4>.bJBalto.  1  80 

"  XxBtd.8hoopoef.o.b.Co.  1  36 

“  Std.  Maine  Stylo  Balta  90 
Std.MalnaStrtef.o.b.Co.  90 

"  Bx.  Std.  Maine  Stylo _ 1 10 

"  "  Poy.Mn.  Style  (jo.b.Bal.  1  80 

"  Paney  f.o.b.  Oonnty ......  1  SO 

"  KxtraStd.Wootern- . 

Standard  Wootern . 

flOMINTt— No.  8.  Lyo . Ont 

"  "8,  Standard,  Split - 1 10 

MIXXD  VMBTA-l  No.S-U  ^do-...  1  06 
BUBB  FOBSODPIJ  “10  ^  -...  6  00 

OKBA  AND) No.  1  Standard . Ont 

TOMATOBSt;  “8.  Ont 


PBASl  8|— No.  1,  SieTO . f  o  b  factory 

“  „-No.8,  “  . 

“  ..-N0.8.  “  . 186 

"  ..—No.  4,  “  .  I  15 

••  ..—No.  6  "  . 1  10 

*  **  Boeondo . - . 

No.LBJStdf.  No.48iaTe  K 

"  "  "  Sifted  "3  "  1  10 

. ■x.Bftd.  “8  " 

~  *  Fancy  Petit  Pol! _ Out 

rUMPKlNt— No  8  Standard. . . 1  85 

*  "  10.  ••  8  76 

"  8,  SanwA _  1  00 

••  «  |g_  ••  ... _ ........  4  00 

dADUKEAUtt-No.  t  Standard .  36 

"  8,  "  _ 1 80 

"  "  16.  "  _ 4  00 

SPlNAOMt-^e.  8,  Standard _ 1  OO 

"  f*  8.  “  1  16 

“  "le.  “  4  76 

"  SH.  CM.  f.o.b‘ooa8t 
.*  10  "  _ _ _ 


CANNED  VBOITABLB  PEICBS-Continaad. 

Btito.  N.Y. 

SDCOOTASm-No.  8.  Oroon  Beano .  1  00  1  06 

"  "  With  Dry  Boani  1  30  1  3P 

"  "  XMno . Ont  _ 

Now  York  State _ _ _  1  45 

SWEET  FOTATOB8t-No.  8.  Standard  Out  1  86 
"  "  No.3Btd.f.o.bJMto  1  50  160 

"  "  "  Bld.f.o.b.Oo.  1  40  Out 

"  «  0BtdJ.o.b  1  00  Ont 

“  «  -  lS,Std.fn.b.Oo.6  06  ‘OCO 

TOMATOBSt-No.  10,  Fancy,  Lo.b.  Bal.  Ont  Out 

“  "  Jonoy.  "  Fac'y _  Out 

"  ”  Stand-  '*  Balto  4  00  .  4  86 

“  "  Stand-  "  Co™.  3  78  ... 

"  "  E  Sanl.  5K  In.  oani  ...„.  Ont 

jMOoy,  f.o.b.  Co-.  Ont  Ont 

"  "  Bx.  Std-  "  Balto.  1  30  . 

"  “  Stand.,  "  "  1  10  1  86 

Stand-  "  Co-.  1  05  _ _ 

"  '  Sooondo,  “  Balto.  — _ 

"  8.  Stand-  "  80  86 

"  "  Stand-  "  Co..  70  . 

“  Sooondi,  "  Balto . 

"0.  Stand.,  "  "  67%  _ _ 

"  “  L  Stand..  “  "  60 

"  Cal.  8%e .  1  30 

“  Cal.  lOo. . . . .  6  OO 

TOMATO  PULPl-No.  10,  Standard .  8  50  _ _ 

“  "  “1  "  . 

“  "  ”  1.  "  -  40  ...... 


CANNED  FRUITS 

APPLBS-No.lO./  Mo.  \ _ 


APPLBSt-No.lO. 


No.  10./  Mo.  \ _ 6  75 

"  10.1  Mich.  ) . 

"  lO.V  N.  T.  /,-, . 

N0.ie./Md..\f.O.b.  Oo _ 6  00 

;;  ^f.o.b.  BMto...  6  00 


APEICOTB-No.  8%.  Cate.  Stand _ 3  50 

ELACKBBERlBSi— No.  k  Standard...  1  90 
“  "  16.  “  ...10  00 

"  "  k  "  ...  .... 

“  k  Proaorrad.-  Ont 
"  "  k  In  Symp....  8  86 

BLDBBBREIBfr-No.  U.  Malno . . . - 

"  “  8.  Malno-. . 

CHBEEIB8I— No.  8.  Sooondo.Bod _ 8  15 

"  "  "  White —  Out  ' 

"  Bad  "  Stand.  Weter- . 

"  White  “  “  Syrnp.......  3  00 

"  Bx.  Prooarrod. . Ont 

•  “  Bod  Pitted . Ont 

"  Bod  •  IS.  Boor . . 

aOOBBBBEETBSl— No.  8.  Stand- . 1  86 

“  "  10.  "  _ 8  60 

PBACHB8«-No.  8%,  CM.  Stand.  L.  0...  4  00 
"  8%,  "  Bx.  Std.  "  4  76 

PBACHBSt^No.  1.  Bx.  Bliood  ToUow  1  80 
"  "  8  Standard  White-...  Ont 

“  "  “  ToUow _ 

"  "  Bx. "  "  -  8  76 

"  Sooond!,  White  .....  Ont 

"  "  *■  ToUow- . 

No.  k  Standard!,  White.  3  00 

"  “  ToUow  8  85 

"  Bx.  "  White-  3  36 

“  “  "  ToUow  8  40 

"  "  Solaated.  ToUow-...  4  00 

Sooondo,  White. _ 8  85 

"  ToUow.-  8  60 

Piao  Dnpooted.......  l  50 

"  ~  ~  rooted. _ 

No.lS,  "  Dnpooted- . 4  00 

"  -  "  "  rooted-. . 8  00 

PBAESt— No.  8,  Soeondo  in  Water— . . 

"  '  Standard!  “  _ 1 60 

"  *•  Bx,  "  in  Symp 8  00 

**  **  k  Siege  d!  In  Water. . 


CANNBD  FRUIT  PEICBS-Continnod. 

BoSa  I 

PBAESt— No.  k  Standard!  in  Water-...  1  75 
"  “  Symp....  3  00 

"  "  Ex.  "  ••  —  3  85 

PINE-  No.  8.  Bahama  Sliced  Extra  Ont 

APPLE*-  "  "  Grated  "  _ 

"  ”  SUood  “  Std.  Out 

,  "  "  “  Grated"  "  _ 

'8%.  HawaU  Sltood  Extra _ 

"  “  ”  Stand . 

*  8.  “  "  Extra 

Stand. 

*  GratodBxtra 
10,  "  Stand. 

"  "  10,  Shredded  Syrap- . Ont 

“  *'  10,  Cmobed  Extra . Ont 

"  8,  Baotem  Pie  Water—  Ont 
“  10.  “  "  ■■  -,.  Out 

"  “  10,  Porto  Bieo .— 10  00 

PLUMSt— No.  8,  Water . . 

"  "  8.  Syrap . 

"  ”  10,  Water . . . 

”  "  1,  Black,  Water . 

“  "  "  Syrap- . 

"  ••  Bad,  “  - . 


RASPBBRSIESf— No  8,  Black  Water. 
"Red 
"  Black  Syrnp. 
"  "  Bod  "  . 

"  "  10,  Red- . 


STRAW.  No.  8,  Bx.  Stan.  Syrnp....  3  50  3  75 

BBRRIBSi—  “  Praoerred 3  66  Ont 

Extra  Proaorrad....  3  75  Ont 

"  “  Standard 8  50  Out 

“  1.  Extra  Proaorrad....  8  00  Ont 

“  1.  Prooorrod. 8  00  Ont 

"  “  10,  Standard  Water 13  00  14  00 

CANNBD  PISH 

HERRING  BOB*— No.  8.  Standard . .  . 

LOBSTER*- Ub.  Plate,  t  doc .  lO  M 

“  H  -lb  Plate,  8  doc . .  4  75 

%Plat  .  8  60 

OTSTBBSI—  Boo.  Standaidi-.— . 1  65  1  60 

"  4-00.  "  - - —  1 40  1  60 

10«x.  “  _  3  00  4  06 

“  Sox.  "  -  8  76  8  80 

6^>x.  Soteeta -  8  86  Ont 

SALMON*  "  1.  Bed  Alaoka.  TMl .  3  75 

"  "  %.  "  Flat- .  . 

"  "1  Cohoe,  TaU .  Ont 

"  "  1,  Flat— . -  8  60 

"  "  %.  *  "  -  1 36 

"  "  L  Pink,  TMl _ _  1  60 

"  “  1,  Colombia,  Tall. . .  Ont 

”  "  1.  “  Flat- .  4  75 

"  %.  "  " -  8  90 

"  Chnmo,  TaUo. . — .  1  36 

"  Medium  Bed,  IMlo. .  8  35 

SHBIMPi— No.  1%,  Wot  or  Dry . .  4  OO 

"  «  1  -  ~  _ 

CANNERS’  METALS 

6 to  10 tone  lie 4 tone 

PIG  TIN— BtrMto . - . .  . 

•  Malacca . - . 

PIG  LEAD— Omaha  or  FoderM...  8  00 

%x%  9xlS  8x1 

BOLDER- Drop  and  Bar- 

Wire  OoU. . 

mre  Sogmonto— 

TIN  PLATES  F.O.B.  MILL 

14x80, 107  lbo..BaioO<Ao  Tin  Plate _ _ 

.  14x80,  m  bo,  '*  Coke  Tin  Plate. - — 


American  Can  Company  Can  Prices 


Owing  to  exiating  railroad  c<mditions 
affecting  supply  of  tin  plate  and  de¬ 
livery  of  cans,  adl  prices  fmr  packers’ 
cans  are  hereby  withdrawn  by 


AMERICAN  CAN  COMPANY. 


HOT  and  COLD 
PICK  UP  GUMS 

Best  of  their  kind  on  the  market  today. 
‘Economically  Satisfactory 
Low  Price  Quick  Service 


The  Commercial  Paste  Co. 

COLUMBUS,  OHIO 


Continental  Can  Company,  Inc. 
will  quote  prices  on  Cans  upon 
application. 


Fidelity  Can  Company 

Baltimore,  Md. 


OYSTER  STEAM  BOX 


With  improved  sliding  doors, 
doing  away  with  the  hinged 
tracks,  giving  increased  service 

Edw.  Renneburg  &  Sons  Co. 

MACHINE  AND  BOILER  WORKS 
2639  Boston  Street  Baltimore,  Md. 

WORKS 

ATLANTIC  WHARF,  BOSTON  STREET*  LAKEWOOD  AVB. 
BALTIMORE  -  MARYLAND 


Prices  Quoted  on  Request 


*■ 


WHERE  TO  BUY— 

the  Machinery  and  Supplies  you  need  and  the  Leading  Houses  that  supply  them. 
Consult  the  advertisements  for  details. 


Apple  PmriM  MaeltliiM.  See  Partus  liifWnaa 
Automatic  Canmaklns  Machinery.  See  Cam- 
makera’  Machinery. 

BA8KBTS  (wire).  eeiUdins.  pleUns,  ete. 

A.  K.  Boblne  a  Co.,  Baltimore. 

BB1.TS.  eaieier,  mhber,  wire,  ete. 

La  Porte  Mat  &  Mfg.  Co.,  La  Porte,  Ind. 

Bean  Cleanera.  See  Cleanine  &  Grading  Mchy. 
Beana,  Dried.  See  Pea  ana  Bean  Seed. 

Beltlnir.  See  Power  Plant  Banlpment. 

Berry  Boxes.  See  Baskets,  wood. 

BI.ANCHBB8,  Tegetable  and  fmlt. 

Ayars  Machine  Co.,  Salem,  N.  J. 

Huntley  Manfg.  Co.,  Silver  Creek,  N.  T. 

A.  K.  Robins  ft  Co..  Baltimore. 

Blowers,  pressure.  See  Pumps. 

BOILER  COMPOUNDS. 

Jos.  Dixon  Crucible  Co.,  Jersey  City.  N.  J. 
Orasselli  Chemical  Co.,  Cleveland,  Ohio. 

BOILERS  AND  ENGINES,  stetun. 

H.  W.  Caldwell  ft  Sons  Co.,  Chicago. 

E'dw.  Kenneburg  ft  Sons  Co.,  Baltimore. 

A.  K.  Robins  ft  Co..  Baltimore. 

Bottle  Capping  Machines.  See  Bottlers’  Mchy. 
Bottle  Caps.  See  Caps.  ^ 

Bottle  Cases,  wood.  See  Boxes,  Crates,  Shooks. 
Bottle  Corking  Machines.  See  Bottlers  Mchy. 
Bottle  Fillers.  See  See  Bottlers’  Mchy. 

BOTTLERS’  MACHINERY. 

Aysrs  Machine  Co.,  Salem,  N.  J. 

Karl  Kiefer  Machine  Co..  Cincinnati,  O. 

20th  Century  Mchy.  Co.,  Milwaukee. 

BOTTLERS’  SUPPLIES. 

Karl  Kiefer  Mach.  Co.,  (^clnnatl,  Ohio. 

Phoenix  Hermetic  Co.,  Chicago  _ _ 

20th  century  Mchy.  Co.,  Milwaukee,  WIs. 
Bottle  Screw  Caps.  See  Caps. 

Box  Nailing  Machines. 

BOXES,  CRATES  and  Shooks,  wood. 
Baltimore  Box  ft  Shook  Co.,  Baltimore. 

Canton  Box  Co.,  Baltimore. 

H.  D.  Dreyer  ft  Co.,  Baltimore. 

Embry  Box  Co.,  Louisville,  Ky. 

Rittler  Box  Co.,  ^Itlmore 

Boxes,  corrugated  paper.  See  Corrogated  Pa* 
per  Products. 

Boxing  Machines,  can.  See  Labeling  Ma* 
chmen,  can. 

BROKERS. 

C.  L.  Jones  ft  Co.,  Chicago 
J.  M.  Paver  Co.,  Chicago. 

J.  M.  Zoller  Co.,  Baltimore,  Md. 

BockeU  and  Palls,  fibre.  See  Fibre  Con¬ 
tainers.  .  _  _  .  ^  „ 

BuckeU  and  Palls,  meUL  See  Enameled  Bue- 
keta. 

Buckets,  wood.  See  Cannery  SuppUes. 

BURNERS.  oU,  gas.  gaaoUae,  ete. 

A.  K.  Robins  ft  Co.,  Baltimore. 

BY-PRODUCTS,  maehtnecy. 

Bdw.  Kenneburg  ft  Sons  Co.,  Baltimore. 
Burning  Brands.  See  Stencils. 

Cabbage  Macblnery.  See  Kraut  Mactoery. 
Can  Conveyors.  See  Conveyors  and  Carriers. 

CAN  COUNTERS. 

Ayars  Machine  Co.,  Salem,  N.  J. 

20th  Century  Mchy.  Co.,  Milwaukee,  WIs. 

Can  h'lllem.  See  FUling  Machines. 

CANMAKERS’  MACHINERY. 

Ams  Machine  Co.,  Max,  New  York  (Tlty*  ^  . 
Angelus  San.  Can  Mchy.  Co..  lios  Angeles,  CaL 

B.  W.  Bliss  Co.,  Brooklyn,  N.  T. 

Csmeron  Can  Mchy  Co^  (Chicago. 

John  R.  Mitchell  Co..  BalUaore. 
Seattle-Astoiia  Iron  Works,  Seattle,*  Wash. 
Slaysman  &  Co.,  Baltimore. 

.Stevenson  A  Co^  Baltimore. 

Can  Markers.  See  Stampers  and  Markers. 
Can  Lacquers.  See  Lacquer  Manufacturers. 

CANNERY  SUPPLIES. 

Ayars  Machine  Co.,  Salem,  N.  J. 

The  Qoodell  Co.,  Antrim,  N.  H. 

A  K.  Robins  ft  Co.,  Baltimore. 

Slnclair-Scott  Co.,  Baltimore. 

Zastrow  Machine  Co.,  Baltimore. 

Canning  K'xperts.  See  Consisting  Experts. 

CAN  OPENERS. 

Qoodell  Co.,  Antrim,  N.  H. 

Can  Stampers.  See  Stampers  and  Markers, 
(^n  Testers.  See  Canmeiers*  Machinery. 


CANS,  tin,  all  kinds. 

American  Can  Co.,  New  York. 

Atlantic  Can  Co.,  Baltimore. 

W.  W.  Boyer  ft  Co.,  Baltimore. 

Continental  Can  Co.,  Syracuse,  N.  Y. 

Fidelity  Can  Co.,  Baltimore. 

Heekln  Can  Co.,  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

Phelps  Can  Co..  Baltimore. 

Southern  (Tan  Co.,  Baltimore. 

Wheeling  (Tan  Co..  Wheeling,  W.  Ta. 

Cans,  fibre.  See  Fibre  (Tontalners. 

CAN-WASHING  MACHINES. 

Merral  Bros.,  Morral,  0. 

Capping  Machines,  bottle.  See  Bottlers’  Mchy. 

CAPPING  MACHINES,  soldertng. 

Ayars  Machine  Co.,  Salem,  N.  J. 

Capping  Machines,  solderless.  See  Closing 
Machines. 

Capping  Steels,  soldering.  See  Cannery  Sopls. 
CAPS,  bottle.  Jar,  tnsahlsr.  ete. 

Phoenix  Hermetic  (To.,  Ch'cago 

Unk-Belt  Co..  (Thicago 

Mathews  Gravity  Carrier  Co.,  Elwood  City.  Pa, 

20th  Century  Mchy.  Co.,  Wilwaukee.  Wla. 
Cartons.  See  Corrugated  Paper  Products. 
(Tatsnp  Macblnery.  For  the  prepartory  work. 
See  Pulp  Mcny;  for  bottung,  see  Bottlers’ 
Mchy. 

(Thaln  Belt  Conveyors.  See  Conveyors. 

(Thaln,  for  elevating,  conveying.  Sm  Osa* 
veyors. 

Checks,  employees’  time.  See  Stencils. 
Choppers,  food,  fruit,  mincemeat,  etc. 

Chutes,  Gravity  SpiraL  Sm  (Tarriers. 

CTlder  and  Vinegar  Makers’  SuppUsa, 

CLEANING  ft  GRADING  MACHINERY, 

fmlt. 

Huntley  Mfg.  Co..  Silver  Creek,  N.  Y, 

CLEANING  ft  GRAOIINO  MAOHINKBY, 

D6M.  bMUi.  M#d.  flte. 

Huntley  Mfg.  Co.,  SUver  Creek.  N.  Y. 

Sinclair*  Scott  Co.,  BaKlmore. 

(Tleanlng  and  Washing  Machines,  bottle. 

See  Bottlers’  Machinery. 

(Tleaning  Machines,  can.  Sm  Washers. 

(Tlocks,  proesM  time.  Sm  Controllers. 

CLOSING  MACHINES,  open  top  eons. 

Ams  Machine  (To..  Max,  New  York  City. 
Angelus  San.  (Tan  Mche.  Co.,  Los  Angeles,  CaL 
B  W.  Bliss  Co..  Brooklyn.  N.  Y. 

Cameron  Can  Mchy  Co.,  (Thicago,  IIL 
Seattle- Astoria  Iron  Works.  Seattle.  Wash. 

Coated  Nalls.  Sm  Nalls. 

Coils  copper.  Sm  Cooper  Coils. 

CondensM  Milk  (Tanning.  Machinery.  Sm 
Milk  Condensing  Mchy. 

COLORS.  Certified  for  foods 
National  Aniline  ft  Chemical  Co.,  New  York. 

CONSULTING  EXPERTS  on  eannlng. 
National  Canners’  Assn.,  Washington,  D.  C. 

CONVEYORS  ft  CARRIERS,  oanaars. 

H.  W.  (Taldwell  ft  Son  Co.,  Chicago. 

La  Porte  Mat  ft  Mfg.  Co.,  La  Porto,  Md. 

Unk-Belt  Co.,  Chicago 

Mathews  Gravity  Carrier  Co.,  Elwood  City,  Pa. 
20th  Century  Mchy.  Co..  Milwaukee.  Wla.' 
WIs.  Chair  (To..  Port  Washington,  Wis. 

COOKERS,  MBtinoons,  agitating. 

Ayars  Machine  Co.,  Salem,  N.  J. 

Hnntley  Mfg.  Co^  Silver  (Treek,  N.  Y. 

A.  K.  Robins  ft  Co..  (Thicago. 

Cookers*  retors.  Sm  Kettles,  process. 

Cookers  and  Fillers,  com.  Sm  Com  Cook* 
er*  Fillers. 

Coolers,  vegetable  and  fmlt  canners. 

COPPER  COILS  for  teaks. 

F.  H.  LangMnkamp,  Indianapolis. 

Copper  Jameted  Kettles.  Sm  Kettles,  copper. 

CORN  COOKER-FILLERS. 

Ayars  Machine  Co.,  Salem,  N.  J. 

Morral  Broa.,  Morral,  Ohio. 

A.  R.  Robins  ft  Co.,  Baltimore. 

Wis.  Chair  Co.,  Port  Washington,  Wis. 

CORN  CUTTERS. 

Morral  Bros.,  Morral,  Ohio. 

A.  K.  Robins  ft  Co.,  Baltimore. 

CORN  HUSKEES  and  SILKEES. 

Hnntley  Mfg.  (To.,  Silver  (Treek,  N.  Y. 

Morral  Bros.,  Morral,  Ohio. 

PMriMS  Busker  Co.,  Buffalo. 

Com  Mlxert  and  Agnators.  Sm  Com  (Teokor* 
Filler*. 


CORN  SHAKERS  (te  the  ean). 

Ayars  Machine  Co..  Salem,  N.  J. 

CORN  WASHING  MACHINES. 

PMrless  Busker  Co..  Buffalo. 

CORRUGATED  PAPER  PRODUCTS. 
(Bozm,  Bottle  Wrappers,  ete,) 

H'inde  ft  Dauch  Paper  (To.,  Sandusky,  Okie 
Steeber  Litho  Co.,  BoebMter,  N.  Y. 

D.  S.  Ptg.  ft  Litho  Co.,  Norwood.  Okie. 
Counters.  Sm  (Tan  Counters. 

(Tountershafts.  Sm  Speed  Regulating  DevlcM 

CRANES  and  earrylag  macihlaM. 

A.  K.  Robins  ft  (To.,  Baltimore. 

Suic)alr*Scott  Co.,  Baltimore. 

Zastrow  Machine  Co..  Baltimom 

CRATES,  Irea  Pro  mss. 

Edw.  Renneburg  Sons  Co.,  Baltimore. 

Zastrow  Machine  Co.,  Baltimore. 

(Tutters,  com.  Sm  Com  (Tutters. 

(Tatters,  kraut  Sm  Kraut  Machinery. 
(Tutters,  string  bmn.  Sm  String  Bmn  Mchy. 
Dating  Machine*.  Sm  Stampers  and  Markoss. 

D^ORi^ED  TIN  (for  Cans,  Caps,  ete.). 
American  Can  Co.,  New  York. 

Southern  Can  Co„  Baltimore. 
piM.  can.  Sm  Ommakers’  Mchy. 

DISTRIBUTING  SYSTEMS,  mra. 

H.  W.  Caldwell  ft  Son  Co.,  Chicago. 
Double-Seaming  Machines.  Sm  Closing  Mcho. 


DRYERS,  drying _ 

Edw.  Renneburg  ft  Sons  Co.,  Baltimore. 

ELEVATORS.  Warehouse. 

Employms’  Time  Cbrnks.  Sm  Stencils. 

ENAME1.ED  BUCKETS.  PAILS,  ete, 

A.  K.  Robins  ft  Co.,  Balt&iora. 

Enginm,  Steam.  Sm  Boilers  and  ™-g«Tit 
Enameled-lined  kettim.  Sm  Tanks,  glaaa- 
llned. 

EVAPORATING  MAOHINEET. 

Edw.  Renneburg  Sens  (To.,  Baltimors. 

EXHAUST  BOXES. 

Ayars  Machine  Co..  Saleim  N.  J. 

PMrless  Uusker  Co..  Buffalo. 

A.  K.  Robins  ft  Co..  Baltimer*. 

Factory  Stools.  Sm  Stools. 

Factory  Supplies.  Sm  (Tannery  SuppUsK 
Farming  Machinery. 

Fertilisers. 

FIBRE  CONTAINERS  for  fSed  (mS  Mm- 
■uttcslly  MAtod)e 
American  (in  Co.,  New  YortL 
Hinde  ft  Dauch  Paper  Co.,  Sandusky,  Okl*. 

FlIiBE  PRODUCTS,  beoMO,  bexbawd,  ete. 
Hinde  ft  Dauch  Paper  Co.,  Sandusky,  Ohio. 
Fillers  and  Cookers.  Sm  (Tom  Cwshsrs* 
Fillers. 

Filling  Mchm,  bottle.  Sm  Bottlsrff  Mshy. 

FILLING  MACHINES,  euuu 
Ayars  Machine  Co.,  Solsm.  N.  J. 

HnntlM  Mfg.  Co.,  Silver  CiiA,  N.  J, 

Karl  Kiefer  Machine  Co,  (Tlnclnnati,  Ohloi. 
Morral  Bros.,  MorraL  Ohio. 

A.  K.  Robins  ft  Co,,  Baltimore. 

Slnclair-Scott  Co,,  Baltlmora. 

B.  R.  Stlckney,  Portland,  Ms- 

20th  Ontury  Mc^.  C«^  MUwaakee.  Wis. 

Wis.  Chair  Co.,  Port  Washlngtsu.  Wis. 
Filllnr  Machine,  aymp.  Sm  Symping  Ma¬ 
chines. 

FINISHING  MACHINES,  eatoap,  ste. 

F.  H.  LangMnkamp,  Indlanapella. 

A.  K.  Robins  Co.,  Baltimore. 

Sinclair-Scott  (To.,  BaltlmorsL 
20th  Century  Mchy.  Co.,  Mllwankoa. 

FLUX,  soldering.  . 

OrasMlli  (Themlcal  Co.,CIevSland,  Ohio. 

Food  (Thonpers.  Sm  (ThMpers. 

Friction  Top  (Tans.  Sm  (Tans,  tin. 

Fruit  Graders.  Sm  CfiMning  and  Otadins 
Mchy,  fratt. 

Fmit  Paters.  Sm  Paring*  Maehlnos. 

FRUIT  FITTERS  and  seeders. 

The  Ooodell  Co.,  Antrim,  N.  H. 

Huntley  Mfg.  Co.,  Silver  (Tresk.  N.  T. 

Fkult  Preaaes.  Sm  (Tlderitaksrff  Mehs 
Gasoline  Flrepots.  Sm  (Tannery  Supplim 
Gauges,  pressure,  time,  ste.  Sm  Puwsr  riant 
EqulpmenL 

GEARS,  sllant.  _ 

H.  W.  (Taldwelt  ft  Son  Oo..  CUesgSb 


■MShlMVXh 

Sons  Co.,  Baltimore. 


WHERE  TO  BUY— Continued 


GKMBBAI.  AOKMTS  tor  MraMairx  MlliM. 
A.  K.  Bobins  A  Co.,  BaHiatoi*. 

H.  R.  Stickney,  PorUond,  Me. 

Oonontorm,  oloctrie.  8m  moton. 

OloM- lined  TankA  8m  Tanks,  tlaM-ll—d, 
OoTernors,  steam.  8ee  Power  Plant  Eonlp. 
Oradinr  Mcbes.  See  Cleaning  and  Or'd’s  Mchy. 
Oraelty  Carriers.  Sm  Carrton  and  0»b* 
Teyors. 

Oreen  Com  Hnakera.  8m  Com  Hnakan. 
OiMn  Pm  Cleaners.  8m  Claanlns  and  Oiad- 
inc  Itchy. 

Holstlnc  and  Carrying  Mcbes.  8m  Ccaaaa. 

HOMINT  MAKING  mniihlaMj. 

20tk  Century  Mchy.  Co.,  MUwankan 
HuUera  and  Vlners.  Seo  Pm  HuUoca. 

Hnakera  and  SUkers.  8m  Com  Hnakara. 
Hydrometers  (for  determining  the  Denatty 
of  Syrupers,  Brines,  etc.)  See  Cannery  Snppllea. 
ink.  can  stamping.  Sm  Stencils. 


INSCBwANCL  cmnnars*. 

C^annera'  Exenanse,  Lansinc 
Chlcaco. 

Jacketed  Kettles.  Sm  Kettles,  copper. 


JACKETED  FANS,  oteaaa. 

F.  H.  LancMnkamp,  Indlanapells,  lad. 

Jars,  fralt.  Sm  OIsh  Bottles,  etc. 

Jolce  Pnnms.  8m  Pampa 
Kerosene  (Jil  Burners.  Sm  Burners. 

Ketchup  Fillers.  Sm  Bottlers’  Mchy. 

KETTliES,  c^per,  plain  or  Jeehsted. 

F.  H.  LangMnkamp,  Indianapolis,  lad. 
Kettles,  enameled.  8m  Tanks.  dlass-Uned. 

KETTIES.  prsMSS. 

Ayars  Machine  Co.,  SaleuA  N.  J. 

Eidw.  Kenneburr  A  Sons  Co.,  Baltimore. 

A.  K.  Robins  A  (3e..  Baltimore. 

Eestrew  Mchy.  Co.,  Baltimore. 


KNIVES,  mlseelhusoens. 

GoodeH  Co.,  Antrim,  N.  H. 

A  K.  Robins  A  Co.,  Baltimore. 

KBAOT  MAGHINEET. 

John  B.  Smith’s  Sons  Co.,  Buffalo,  M.  T. 

Maantaetarors. 

(3alTert  Lithograph  Co..  Detroit. 

H.  OamM  A  Co..  Baltimore. 

R.  J.  Klttredge  A  Co.,  Chicago. 

Simpson  A  Doeller  Co.,  Baltimore. 

Stecher  Lltbo.  Co.,  Rochester,  N.  T. 

O.  S.  Printing  A  LHho.  Co.,  Norwood,  Ohio. 

lABEUNO  MACHINES,  sea. 

Fred.  H.  Knapp  Co.,  Baltlmecd  MA 
Morral  Bros.,  Horrat  Ohio. 

LABOBATOEIES  for  nasals  of  gesdA  sSa. 
National  Cannon  Asm.,  Washlagten.  D.  C, 
Markers,  can.  Sm  Stampers  and  Markers. 
Marking  Ink,  pots,  etc.  8m  StoncOs. 
Marmalade  Machinery.  Sm  Pulp  Machinery. 
Meat  Canning  Machinery 
MMt  Choppers.  Sm  Choppers. 

MIAK  CONDENSING  A  CANNING  MGMT. 
Ayars  Machine  Co.,  Saleas,  N.  J. 

H.  R.  SOckney.  PortlmA  Jto.  . 

2Mh  Century  Mchy.  (to.,  Mllwaskas,  WIs. 
Wis.  Chair  Co..  Pmt  Washington.  WIs. 

MUi.  SCPPUES,  PaJlsys,  Eta. 

H.  W.  Caldwell  A  Sons  Co.,  Chicago, 
link  Belt  Co.,  Chicago 

MolassM  Filling  Machines.  Sm  FllUag  Ms- 


link  Belt  Co.,  Chicago 

MolassM  Filling  Machines.  Sm  FllUag  Ma¬ 
chines. 

Nailing  Machines.  Sm  Bex  Nalllag  MaehlsM 

OYSTER  CANNEES’  MACHINEET. 

Edw.  Bennebnrg  A  Sons  Co.,  Bsitimers. 
Packers’  (tonn  Sm  (tons. 

Palis,  tubs,  etc.,  fibre.  Sm  Fibre  Csatstasrs. 

PAINT. 

Jos.  Dixon  Cmdble  Co.,  Jmoy  City,  M.  J. 
Paper  Boxes.  See  Corrugated  Paper  Prsiasis. 
Paper  (tons  and  Contalnsra.  Sm  Fthrs  Osa- 
talnera. 

Parfaig  Knlres.  Sm  Katves. 

FAKINO  MAfmiNES. 

The  Ooodell  Co..  Antrim,  N.  H. 

Sinclalr-Scott  Co.,  Baltimore. 

PASTE,  eannsre’. 

Arabol  Hfg.  Co..  New  York  City. 

Adex  Mfg.  (to,,  Baltimore 
Commercial  Paste  (to.,  Coltanbns,  O. 

F.  H.  Knapp  Co.,  Baltimore. 

PEA  end  BEAN  SEED. 

D.  Landreth  Seed  Co.,  Bristol,  Pa. 

Leonard  Seed  Co,,  Chicago. 

J.  B.  Rice  Seed  (to..  Osmbrldgm  H.  T. 


PEA  OANNBES'  MAOUNEBT. 
j^an  Marine  Ce..  Salsai.  N.  J. 

Imatley  Mfg.  Ca.,  SUrer  Crssk,  N.  T. 

A  K.  Roblas  A  Ce..  Baltlmere. 

aoth  Chatum  Mehy.  (to..  MUwankmk  Wis. 

Wla.  (toalr  Co.,  Port  Washington.  Wis. 

Pm  HarTMtera.  Sm  Faraalng  Machlaery. 

Pm  HnSers  and  VInsrs. 

Chisholm  Scott  (to.,  (toinmbus,  O. 

Pm  Vine  Pesdsrs. 

Chisholm  Scott  (to..  Columbus.  O. 

PKEUNG  KNITBS. 

Ooodell  Co.,  Antrim.  N.  H. 

Peach  and  (toerry  PlttMS.  Sm  Fralt  Plttera. 

PEELING  MACHINES. 

Ctoodell  Co.,  AntrinK  N.  H. 

Sinclair  Scott  Co..  Baltimore. 

PEELING  TABLES,  eentlneens. 

Ayars  Machine  (to..  Salem.  M.  J. 

Link-Belt  Co..  Chicago 

Perferatod  Shoot  MetaL  Sm  SIotm  and 
Screens. 

Picking  Boxes.  Baskets,  etc.  Sm  Baskets. 
Pick^^  Belts  and  Tablea  Sm  Pm  Cannera' 

PINEAPPLE  MACHINEET. 

John  R.  Mitchell  Ca,  BaltUnora 
Zastrow  Mchy.  Co.,  Baltimora 
Platform  and  Wagon  Scalea  Sm  Scalaa 
Picking  Belts  and  Tablea  Sm  Pm  Cannera’ 

POWER  PLANT  BQVIPMENT. 

B.  W.  (toldwell  A  Son  (to.,  ChlMgo. 

JoMph  Dixon  (toaclble  Ca,  Jenmy  CSty,  N.  J. 
link  Belt  Co.,  ChlCMO 

Power  Pressaa  Sm  (tonmakers’  Machinery. 
Power  TraaamlMlon  Mehy.  Sm  Power  Plant 
equipment. 

PEESEEVEES’  MACHINEET. 

Karl  KMsr  Machine  Ca,  CladnnatL 
20th  Centnry  Mchy.  Co.,  lUwankM,  Wia 

PULP  MACHINEET. 

F.  H.  Langssnkamp,  Indlanapolla 
A  K.  Robins  A  Ce..  Baltimora 
Blnelalr-Scott  (to..  Baltlmera 
20th  (toatnry  Mchy.  Co.,  MllwankM.  Wla 

PCMPS,  air,  wator.  brlna  syrap. 

Ams  Machine  Ca.  Max,  New  York  (Bty. 
Spaulding  A  Metcalf,  Philadelphia. 

Begulatero  tor  (tookera,  eta  Sm  ControUera 
Retwt  (toatoa  Sm  Kettlea  procaaa 
Betorta,  stoam.  Sm  Kettles,  proessa 
Rubber  Stampa  Sm  Stella 
Soceharometers  ayrap  teeters).  See  (tonnery 
Supplies. 

S^t  CMMTSo 

Sautary  (Beaaer  and  Cleaner.  Sm  Cleaning 
Cempoonda 


Sanitary  (open  top) 
Sardine  KnlTM  and 


Msa  Sm  (toaa 
SctsMra  Sm  Knlvea 


SOALDEBS.  t smuts,  eto. 

Ayars  Machine  Co.,  Salem,  N.  J. 

Hnn^  Mfg.  (to.,  SOvar  Craak.  N.  T. 

Edw.  Renneburg  A  Sons  Co.,  Baltimora 
A  Ki.  Roblna  A  Ca,  Baltimora 
Scalding  and  Picking  Baaketa  Sm  Baskets. 

Scrap  Balling  Pram 
Screw  (tons,  bottla  Sm  Capa 
Sealing  Machinoa  bottla  Sm  Bottlers*  Mchy. 
SMllng  MachlnM,  sanitary  cana  Sm  Closing 

Machinoa  . 

SEEDS,  mnnsrsr.  aU  trarlatlaa 
D.  Landreth  Seed  Oa,  Bristol,  Pa 
liMnard  Seed  (to.,  (tolcago. 

J.  B.  Rice  Seed  Ce..  Oambridjn,  N.  T. 
Separatera  Sm  Pm  Canning  Mmy. 

SHEET  METAL  WORKING  Machlnaey. 
Cameron  (ton  Mehy.  Co.,  (tolcago,  IH. 

Sbeoka  Sm  Bexea  (toatea  eto. 

SIKTES  AND  SCEBRNS. 

Huntley  Mfg.  Oa,  Sllmr  Qeak,  N.  T. 
20th,(tontury  Mchy.  (to.,  MUwanl^  Wia 

SILKING  MACHINBSb  eetn. 

Huntley  Mfg.  (to..  SItoer  (toeek,  N.  T. 
SUeera  fruit  and  esgotabla  Sm  Cerers  and 
Slleera 


Sertora.  pea  Sm  Claaalng  A  Oradlng  Mehy, 

SPEED  EEGCLATING  DEVICES  (for  Me. 
ehtoM.  boM  drtoee.  eto. 

Huntley  Mfg.  Ce..  Silver  (toeek.  N.  T, 

Sinclair  Scett  A  (to..  Baltlmero, 


STAMPERS  AND  MARKERS,  onn. 

Ams  Machine  Co..  Max,  New  lork  Oty. 
Steam  Cookers,  contlnuona  Sm  Cookera 
Steam  Jacketed  Kettles.  See  Kettlea 
StMm  Pipe  Covering.  Sm  Boiler  and  Pips 
Covering. 

Steam  Betorta  Sm  Kettlea  procoaa 

STENCILS,  marking  pets  and  braahaa 
brass  eheeka  rubber  and  steel  typa 
buralng  brands,  eto. 

A  K.  Bobins  A  (to.,  Baltimora 

STIBBEES  FOB  KETTLES. 

F.  H.  LangMnkamp,  Indlanapolla 

STRING  BEAN  MACHINEET. 

Huntley  Mfg.  Co.,  Silver  CrMk,  N.  T. 

E‘  J.  Lewis,  Mlddleport.  N.  Y. 

A.  K.  Robins  A  Co.,  Baltimora 

20th  Ontnry  Mchy.  Co.,  MllwankM,  Wla 


Sugar,  canners. 

SuppliM,  engine  room,  line  abaft,  eto.  Sw 
Power  Plant  Equipment. 

Supply  Houm  and  General  Agenta  Sm  Gen 
eral  Agents. 

Swltchboarda  Sm  Electrical  Appllancea 

SYRCPING  MACHINE. 

Ayars  Machine  Co.,  Salem,  N.  J. 

PMrless  Husker  Co.,  Buffalo. 

A.  K.  Robins  A  Co..  Baltimora 
20th  Centnry  Mchy.  Co.,  Mllwankoa  Wla 
Syrup  Testers  (saccharometers).  Sm  Micro 
scoplc  Apparatus. 

TablM,  picking.  Sm  Pm  (tonners’  Mehy. 
TANKS.  METAL. 

F.  H.  Langsenkamp,  Indianapolla 
Slaysmsn  A  Co.,  Baltimore.  Md. 

TANKS,  gUss  Uned  stooL 

F.  H.  Langsenkamp.  IndlanapoUa.  Ind. 

TANKS,  WOODEN. 

W.  E.  Caldwell  Co.,  LonlavUto,  Ky. 
’Temporatnro  Oaugea  Sm  Rocording  Instrn- 
menta 

TomMratiire  Regulating  Apparatna  Sm 
Controllers. 

TMters,  can.  Sm  Canmakera’  Mchy. 

Ticket  Punchea  Sm  Stenclla 

Time  Controllers,  proessa  Sm  Contrellara 

Tin  Lithographing.  Sm  Docorated  Tin. 

TIN  PLATE,  ranmaksrs’, 

American  SbMt  and  Tin  Plate  Co.,  Pttto- 
burgh.  Pa. 

Carnahan  Tin-Plate  and  ShMt  Co.,  Canton,  O. 
Tipping  MachlnM.  Sm  (topping  Maehlaea 

TOMATO  CANNING  MACHINEET. 

Ayara  Machine  Co.,  Salem.  N.  J. 

Huntley  Mfg.  Co..  Silver  CiMk,  Ni  T. 
Link-Belt  Co..  (  hicago 
A.  K.  Roblna  A  Ca,  Baltimora 
Tomato  Seed.  Sm  Seoda 

TOMATO  WASHERS. 

Ayara  Machine  Co.,  Salem,  N.  J. 

TransmlMlon  Machinery.  Sm  Power  Plant 
Biqalpmant 

Tracks,  Platform,  etc.  Sm  Factory  Trneka 
Tnmblera,  glaM.  Sm  OIsm  Bottlaa,  ate. 
TirrbInM.  Me  Electrical  MaehiMry. 

Variable  Speed  Coantonhafta  Sm  Speed 
Regnlatora 

Valves 

Vegetable  Corars,  etc.  See  (torers  and  SUcers. 
Vegetable  Parers.  Sm  Paring  MachlnM. 

Vlner  Feedera  Sm  Vlnen  and  HuUsra 

VINBRS  AND  HULLERS 
Chisholm-Scott  (to.,  Columbus.  Ohio 

WarehonsM.  Sm  Storsga 

Washers,  bottla  See  Bottlers’  Machinery. 

Washers  and  Sealdera,  fruit,  eta  SMSealdora 

WASHEBS,  earn  uud  Jac. 

Ayara  Machine  (to.,  Salem,  N.  J. 

A.  K.  Roblna  A  Co.,  Baltlmoxui 

WASHING  MACHINES,  oosw. 

PMrless  Husker  Co.,  Buffalo. 

Washing  and  Scalding  Baskets.  Sm  Baaketa 
Windmllla  and  Water  Supply  fljstSMS  Bm 
Tanka,  wood. 

Wiping  MachlBM,  can.  Sm  Canmakuraf  Mehy. 
Wire  Bound  Boxm.  Sm  Boxaa 
Wire  Scalding  Baaketa  Sm  Baaketa 
Wra^Mn^aper.  Sm  (torrugatafi  Thpar 

Wrapping  Macklusa  esM  Iw  IifiMBglishs, 


To  concerns  who  say  they 

can’t  use  Gravity  Conveying 


You  say  gravity  conveying  is  impractical  in  your 
plant  because  yours  is  not  an  all-down-hill  layout? 
Mathews  Gravity  Conveying  Systems  can  solve  the 
problem  nevertheless — as  they  have  solved  similar 
problems  in  hundreds  of  other  plants.  Witness  the 
illustrations  above. 

The  Joseph  Campbell  Company’s  conveying  prob¬ 
lems  involved  street  crossing,  floor  congestion  and 
other  mountainous-looking  difficulties. 

The  street  was  tunneled  and  a  double  -  track 
Mathews  Gravity  Roller  Conveyer  now  carries 
streams  of  can-laden  cartons  direct  from  the  cars  to 
an  inclined  Mathews  Automatic  Lift.  The  Lift  fur¬ 
nishes  the  needed  elevation  for  a  network  of  gravity 
conveying  lines  throughout  the  factory. 

A  Mathews  Belt-on-Rollers  Conveyer  carries  the 
output  overhead  across  the  street  to  giant  ware¬ 
houses.  Portable  Mathews  Roller  Spirals  and  sec¬ 
tional  straightaways  bring  the  goods  to  any  desired 
loading  or  stacking  point. 

The  power  involved  is  negligible.  The  cost  of 


complicated  all-power  machinery  and  maintenance 
saved  is  considerable.  Human  conveying  labor  is 
reduced  to  the  minimum.  The  floor  space  gained  is 
valuable.  The  Mathews  system  is  paying  for  itself 
hand  over  fist. 

Mathews  is  the  pioneer  of  ball-bearing  roller  grav¬ 
ity  conveyers.  Mathews  facilities  provide  for  the 
handling  of  most  every  conveying  need,  in  most 
every  sort  of  business,  indoors  or  out — loading  and 
unloading,  distribution  and  storage,  feeding  produc¬ 
tion  and  collecting  output.  Portable  or  permanent 
installations. 

An  interesting  story  awaits  you  in  the  new 
Mathews  Catalog,  profusely  illustrated  with  a  wide  i 
variety  of  actual  Mathews  Conveyer  installations.  ' 
Write  for  it.  One  of  our  nearby  branch  sales  engi-  - 
neers  is  ready  to  discuss  your  conveying  problems —  . 
all  without  obligation  to  you.  Send  fgr  him.  [ 

MATHEWS  GRAVITY  CARRIER  CO. 

123  Tentk  Street,  Ellwood  City,  Pa. 

Branch  FactoricM;  Port  Hope,  Ontario— London,  England  ' 


Right — Mathews  Inclined  Automatic 
Lift  receiving  from  and  delivering 
to  Mathews  Gravity  Roller  Con¬ 
veyers. 

Middle — Main  overhead  Mathews 
Belt-on-Rollers  line  to  and  through 
warehouses. 

Left— Portable  Mathews  Spiral 
Gravity  decline  receiving  from 
overhead  line  shown  in  middle  view.